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forest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
THE WHITE BEAR FOREST ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s oldest trees. Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is a conservative estimate. Girardin et al. JACKSON CREEK OLD-GROWTH FOREST Our study of the Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest is complete, you can download the full report here. Executive summary The Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest (OGF) is a 4.5 hectare (11.3 acre) urban old-growth forest with trees reaching 250 years old, predating the original settlement of the Town of Scott’s Plains, now Peterborough, Ontario. ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. WHAT IS OLD-GROWTH FOREST? The diverse structure of an old-growth forest. You might think, five years after publishing a book about old-growth forests, that I could easily tell you what an old-growth forest is. But even though I’ve answered the question countless times during interviews, on a speaking tour, even at parties, I still find I can get bogged down in definitions involving minimum ages, stand history, human EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
THE WHITE BEAR FOREST ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s oldest trees. Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is a conservative estimate. Girardin et al. JACKSON CREEK OLD-GROWTH FOREST Our study of the Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest is complete, you can download the full report here. Executive summary The Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest (OGF) is a 4.5 hectare (11.3 acre) urban old-growth forest with trees reaching 250 years old, predating the original settlement of the Town of Scott’s Plains, now Peterborough, Ontario. ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. WHAT IS OLD-GROWTH FOREST? The diverse structure of an old-growth forest. You might think, five years after publishing a book about old-growth forests, that I could easily tell you what an old-growth forest is. But even though I’ve answered the question countless times during interviews, on a speaking tour, even at parties, I still find I can get bogged down in definitions involving minimum ages, stand history, human EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
PUBLICATIONS
Research Reports No. 40 Mapping Old-Growth Forests In Northern Peterborough County, Ontario. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 39 The Catchacoma Ancient Forest Landscape: An Initial Inventory of Species and Habitats. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 38 Conserving Southern Ontario’s Eastern Hemlock Forests: Opportunities to Save a Foundation Tree Species. M. Henry and P.A. Quinby. 2019. POSTS - ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH The first time I visited Rushbrook Lake, northwest of Sudbury, was in 1994. I fell in love with the small rocky islands, tracts of old-growth pine forest, spectacular wetlands, and the sense of isolation and quiet. Until recently the area was a bit of a wild west OLD-GROWTH FOREST MAPS Paddling the Lower Spanish Forest Map 3. Old-Growth Trail Blueberry Lake. Blueberry Lake Trails. Algonquin Park. Legend map. Ontario’s Old-Growth Forests. Algoma Headwaters Provincial Park. Ontario’s Old-Growth Forests. Niagara Glen Nature Reserve Ontario’s Old-. EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
THE OBABIKA TRAILS
Point 1 – The Bottom Line Point 2 – Tall Pines Project Point 3 – Pathways from the Past Point 4 – Bogged Down Point 5 – Streams through the old growth Point 6 – The Beavers Role Point 7 – Lake Obabika Lookout Point 8 – Lake Shish-Kong Cliff Point 8a – TheBurn
PETERBOROUGH OLD-GROWTH FOREST PROJECT Studies have also shown that increased time spent in forests leads to improved human health including decreases in stress, blood pressure, pulse rate and mortality.In 2016 AFER discovered an urban old-growth forest in Jackson Park, Peterborough, with trees up to 250 years old. Here’s a report that describes the project, and additional RECOGNIZING OLD TREES I recently received an email about a 510-year-old Black Gum tree growing behind an archery club in Niagara Falls. Nate Torenvliet, an arborist and amateur old-growth sleuth, had found the tree, drilled out a tree core (a pencil-shaped section of wood), and counted 498 annual growth rings. Another tree nearby was more than 400 years old.This unassuming
THE SEATON TRAIL
The trail follows West Duffins Creek, climbing in and out of the steep valley, along heavily forested slopes and floodplains, past old fields and fencerows. Numerous staircases adorn the trail, sometimes climbing tens of meters. The metal staircase that was recently built near the Forestream entrance winds beautifully between the trees, and was THE JACKSON CREEK OLD-GROWTH FOREST 3 . EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . The Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest (OGF) is a 4.5 hectare (11.3 acre) urban old-growth forest with trees reaching 250 years old, predating the original settlement of the Town of Scott[s Plains, now
ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
THE WHITE BEAR FOREST PADDLING THE LOWER SPANISH FOREST Introduction Thousands of canoeists on Ontario’s Spanish River have paddled through the worlds largest red and white pine wilderness without knowing it. But lately the global significance of the forest around the Lower Spanish River is gaining recognition, and now part of it is now a provincial park. Dense pine blankets the steep shores for ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s oldest trees. Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is a conservative estimate. Girardin et al. JACKSON CREEK OLD-GROWTH FOREST Our study of the Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest is complete, you can download the full report here. Executive summary The Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest (OGF) is a 4.5 hectare (11.3 acre) urban old-growth forest with trees reaching 250 years old, predating the original settlement of the Town of Scott’s Plains, now Peterborough, Ontario. ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
THE WHITE BEAR FOREST PADDLING THE LOWER SPANISH FOREST Introduction Thousands of canoeists on Ontario’s Spanish River have paddled through the worlds largest red and white pine wilderness without knowing it. But lately the global significance of the forest around the Lower Spanish River is gaining recognition, and now part of it is now a provincial park. Dense pine blankets the steep shores for ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s oldest trees. Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is a conservative estimate. Girardin et al. JACKSON CREEK OLD-GROWTH FOREST Our study of the Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest is complete, you can download the full report here. Executive summary The Jackson Creek Old-Growth Forest (OGF) is a 4.5 hectare (11.3 acre) urban old-growth forest with trees reaching 250 years old, predating the original settlement of the Town of Scott’s Plains, now Peterborough, Ontario. ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
PUBLICATIONS
Research Reports No. 40 Mapping Old-Growth Forests In Northern Peterborough County, Ontario. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 39 The Catchacoma Ancient Forest Landscape: An Initial Inventory of Species and Habitats. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 38 Conserving Southern Ontario’s Eastern Hemlock Forests: Opportunities to Save a Foundation Tree Species. M. Henry and P.A. Quinby. 2019. OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. THE WHITE BEAR FOREST The White Bear Forest Trail System offers many hikes to outdoor enthusiasts of all levels. The information outlined in this guidebook briefly describes some of the features of the old-growth red and white pine forest. Use the photographs and text as a guide, and keep your eyes open for the variety of old-growth features described PETERBOROUGH OLD-GROWTH FOREST PROJECT Studies have also shown that increased time spent in forests leads to improved human health including decreases in stress, blood pressure, pulse rate and mortality.In 2016 AFER discovered an urban old-growth forest in Jackson Park, Peterborough, with trees up to 250 years old. Here’s a report that describes the project, and additional RECOGNIZING OLD TREES I recently received an email about a 510-year-old Black Gum tree growing behind an archery club in Niagara Falls. Nate Torenvliet, an arborist and amateur old-growth sleuth, had found the tree, drilled out a tree core (a pencil-shaped section of wood), and counted 498 annual growth rings. Another tree nearby was more than 400 years old.This unassuming
EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
THE SEATON TRAIL
The trail follows West Duffins Creek, climbing in and out of the steep valley, along heavily forested slopes and floodplains, past old fields and fencerows. Numerous staircases adorn the trail, sometimes climbing tens of meters. The metal staircase that was recently built near the Forestream entrance winds beautifully between the trees, and was RUSHBROOK PROVINCIAL PARK The first time I visited Rushbrook Lake, northwest of Sudbury, was in 1994. I fell in love with the small rocky islands, tracts of old-growth pine forest, spectacular wetlands, and the sense of isolation and quiet. Until recently the area was a bit of a wild west THE ECOLOGY OF LYME DISEASE How forest fragmentation and biodiversity loss increase Lyme disease risk Of course I worry about Lyme disease. Lately I find myself hiking in areas with Lyme disease warnings – I know that if I’m bitten by an infected tick, with prompt antibiotic treatment I’ll recover, but I worry that I won’t see the characteristic bulls-eye rash and will mistake the flu-like ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
PADDLING THE LOWER SPANISH FOREST Introduction Thousands of canoeists on Ontario’s Spanish River have paddled through the worlds largest red and white pine wilderness without knowing it. But lately the global significance of the forest around the Lower Spanish River is gaining recognition, and now part of it is now a provincial park. Dense pine blankets the steep shores for THE WHITE BEAR FOREST ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s oldest trees. Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is a conservative estimate. Girardin et al. EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
PADDLING THE LOWER SPANISH FOREST Introduction Thousands of canoeists on Ontario’s Spanish River have paddled through the worlds largest red and white pine wilderness without knowing it. But lately the global significance of the forest around the Lower Spanish River is gaining recognition, and now part of it is now a provincial park. Dense pine blankets the steep shores for THE WHITE BEAR FOREST ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s oldest trees. Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is a conservative estimate. Girardin et al. EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
PUBLICATIONS
Research Reports No. 40 Mapping Old-Growth Forests In Northern Peterborough County, Ontario. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 39 The Catchacoma Ancient Forest Landscape: An Initial Inventory of Species and Habitats. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 38 Conserving Southern Ontario’s Eastern Hemlock Forests: Opportunities to Save a Foundation Tree Species. M. Henry and P.A. Quinby. 2019. THE WHITE BEAR FOREST The White Bear Forest Trail System offers many hikes to outdoor enthusiasts of all levels. The information outlined in this guidebook briefly describes some of the features of the old-growth red and white pine forest. Use the photographs and text as a guide, and keep your eyes open for the variety of old-growth features described ABOUT AFER - ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Ancient Forest Exploration & Research (AFER) is a non-profit charitable organization formed in 1992. The organization is dedicated to research and education on ancient and old-growth forests. AFER’s research has focused on identifying and characterizing old-growth forests in Temagami; identifying ancient forest landscapes in central Ontario; and mapping conservation corridors, including the OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. FIND OLD-GROWTH FORESTS Ontario’s old-growth forests, published in 2010, has maps, descriptions and directions to old-growth forests. Several trail guides to old-growth forests in Temagami are available on this website. Find old growth forests in Ontario’s Greenbelt. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 PETERBOROUGH OLD-GROWTH FOREST PROJECT Studies have also shown that increased time spent in forests leads to improved human health including decreases in stress, blood pressure, pulse rate and mortality.In 2016 AFER discovered an urban old-growth forest in Jackson Park, Peterborough, with trees up to 250 years old. Here’s a report that describes the project, and additional WHAT IS OLD-GROWTH FOREST? The diverse structure of an old-growth forest. You might think, five years after publishing a book about old-growth forests, that I could easily tell you what an old-growth forest is. But even though I’ve answered the question countless times during interviews, on a speaking tour, even at parties, I still find I can get bogged down in definitions involving minimum ages, stand history, human RUSHBROOK PROVINCIAL PARK The first time I visited Rushbrook Lake, northwest of Sudbury, was in 1994. I fell in love with the small rocky islands, tracts of old-growth pine forest, spectacular wetlands, and the sense of isolation and quiet. Until recently the area was a bit of a wild west THE ECOLOGY OF LYME DISEASE How forest fragmentation and biodiversity loss increase Lyme disease risk Of course I worry about Lyme disease. Lately I find myself hiking in areas with Lyme disease warnings – I know that if I’m bitten by an infected tick, with prompt antibiotic treatment I’ll recover, but I worry that I won’t see the characteristic bulls-eye rash and will mistake the flu-like ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
PADDLING THE LOWER SPANISH FOREST Introduction Thousands of canoeists on Ontario’s Spanish River have paddled through the worlds largest red and white pine wilderness without knowing it. But lately the global significance of the forest around the Lower Spanish River is gaining recognition, and now part of it is now a provincial park. Dense pine blankets the steep shores for THE WHITE BEAR FOREST ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Species Status* Age Location Notes Source Black Spruce Picea mariana Living 343 North of Smooth Rock Falls Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
OLD-GROWTH FOREST IN ALGONQUIN PARK Some of the oldest forests in the province remain unprotected in Algonquin Park AFER’s work in Algonquin Park started in 2006. Michael Henry was working on the first edition of the book Ontario’s old-growth forests, and wanted to understand the significance of the old-growth forest found in the Park. He analyzed forest inventory datafor
OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. OLD-GROWTH FORESTS IN ONTARIO’S GREENBELT Ontario’s Greenbelt is the largest of its kind in the world. It also protects some of Ontario’s most spectacular and ecologically sensitive areas, including a wide variety of old-growth forests. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 years old. Deepshady hemlock
PADDLING THE LOWER SPANISH FOREST Introduction Thousands of canoeists on Ontario’s Spanish River have paddled through the worlds largest red and white pine wilderness without knowing it. But lately the global significance of the forest around the Lower Spanish River is gaining recognition, and now part of it is now a provincial park. Dense pine blankets the steep shores for THE WHITE BEAR FOREST ONTARIO'S OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: A GUIDEBOOK Michael Henry is a forest ecologist who focuses on conservation of old growth forests, including threats from invasive species, development and logging. Michael has spent over two decades studying and working to conserve Ontario’s old-growth forests. He writes blog posts, magazine articles, reports, and books about forest conservation. ONTARIO'S OLDEST TREES Ontario’s Oldest Native Trees, Modern and Historic (click here for updated list) Species Status* Age Location Notes Source Black Spruce Picea mariana Living 343 North of Smooth Rock Falls Core had 326 years at breast height (BH). Black spruce takes 17 years to reach BH under good growing conditions. For this tree, 343 years is EASTERN HEMLOCK: ONTARIO'S FOREST CATHEDRALS When we think of old-growth forest in Ontario, we tend to think of white pine, or ancient cliff-growing cedars – but we should probably be thinking about hemlock forest. Eastern hemlock is a very long-lived climax species that is common in old-growth forests south of the boreal (map below). Because it doesn’t recover well afterdisturbance,
OLD-GROWTH FOREST LANDSCAPES ON THE WEST SIDE OF ALGONQUIN A Preliminary Survey of Old-Growth Forest Landscapes on the West Side of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Research Report No. 32 Ancient Forest Exploration & Research ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancientforest, primary
PUBLICATIONS
Research Reports No. 40 Mapping Old-Growth Forests In Northern Peterborough County, Ontario. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 39 The Catchacoma Ancient Forest Landscape: An Initial Inventory of Species and Habitats. P.A. Quinby. 2020. No. 38 Conserving Southern Ontario’s Eastern Hemlock Forests: Opportunities to Save a Foundation Tree Species. M. Henry and P.A. Quinby. 2019. OLD-GROWTH FOREST DATABASE Hover to view a brief description or click on any of the icons below to view an information page. The information pages include a google map link to see the site or get directions in google maps. Below the map is a list of all the sites. ABOUT AFER - ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCH Ancient Forest Exploration & Research (AFER) is a non-profit charitable organization formed in 1992. The organization is dedicated to research and education on ancient and old-growth forests. AFER’s research has focused on identifying and characterizing old-growth forests in Temagami; identifying ancient forest landscapes in central Ontario; and mapping conservation corridors, including the THE WHITE BEAR FOREST The White Bear Forest Trail System offers many hikes to outdoor enthusiasts of all levels. The information outlined in this guidebook briefly describes some of the features of the old-growth red and white pine forest. Use the photographs and text as a guide, and keep your eyes open for the variety of old-growth features described FIND OLD-GROWTH FORESTS Ontario’s old-growth forests, published in 2010, has maps, descriptions and directions to old-growth forests. Several trail guides to old-growth forests in Temagami are available on this website. Find old growth forests in Ontario’s Greenbelt. The oldest tree in Ontario is in the Greenbelt: an ancient cliff-growing cedar on the Niagara escarpment that is over 1,300 WHAT IS OLD-GROWTH FOREST? The diverse structure of an old-growth forest. You might think, five years after publishing a book about old-growth forests, that I could easily tell you what an old-growth forest is. But even though I’ve answered the question countless times during interviews, on a speaking tour, even at parties, I still find I can get bogged down in definitions involving minimum ages, stand history, human PETERBOROUGH OLD-GROWTH FOREST PROJECT The Jackson Creek old-growth forest is in a popular city park in Peterborough. In 2019 we’ll be locating and documenting old-growth forests in Peterborough County using a citizen-science model. That means we need people like you to help us find them! RUSHBROOK PROVINCIAL PARK The first time I visited Rushbrook Lake, northwest of Sudbury, was in 1994. I fell in love with the small rocky islands, tracts of old-growth pine forest, spectacular wetlands, and the sense of isolation and quiet. Until recently the area was a bit of a wild west THE ECOLOGY OF LYME DISEASE How forest fragmentation and biodiversity loss increase Lyme disease risk Of course I worry about Lyme disease. Lately I find myself hiking in areas with Lyme disease warnings – I know that if I’m bitten by an infected tick, with prompt antibiotic treatment I’ll recover, but I worry that I won’t see the characteristic bulls-eye rash and will mistake the flu-like Ancient Forest Exploration & Research Journeys in ancient and old growthforests
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* Ontario’s oldest trees * Old-growth forests in Ontario’s Greenbelt * Peterborough Old-Growth Forest Project * Paddling the Lower Spanish Forest * Old-growth forest in Algonquin Park * Eastern hemlock project * Eastern hemlock: Ontario’s forest cathedrals * The Hemlock Woolly Adelgid story * Hemlock Woolly Adelgid early detection in Ontario * Monitoring for HWA * Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation Map* HWA Newsletter
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* The ecology of Lyme disease * Why urban natural areas matter * Citizen Hemlock conservation * A good place to pick blueberries * Giving thanks for forest fungi * Our signature on the land * Ontario’s Black Gums * The past isn’t what it used to be * Hemlock Woolly Adelgid moves north * Recognizing old trees * Interview with Sloan Watters * What is old-growth forest? ANCIENT FOREST EXPLORATION & RESEARCHPhoto
by Mike Henry
Only a small fraction of North America’s original forest remains undisturbed. In the eastern US, for example, an estimated 0.5% of original forest remains – forests outside of this 0.5% have regrown following clearing for agriculture or extensive logging. Forests that have never been cleared or transformed by humans may be called ancient forest, primary forest, or primeval forest. Ancient forest is valuable because it provides a baseline for understanding natural forest ecosystems, and is habitat for a variety of species. Old-growth forests are a subset of ancient forests that have been free of disturbance (natural or human) long enough for trees to grow old. We discuss the definition of old growth forests in our post _what isold-growth forest?_
We have in-depth articles in our Ancient Forest Journal , where you can read about old-growth forest ecology and history, and threats to our forests. Learn about conservation corridors, old-growth white and red pine forests, and ancient forest landscapes in Ontario, from our research page or our publications.
Explore old-growth forests in Canada and the U.S. using our database, maps
, or hiking and
canoeing guides . Start your explorations using the map below, check back as we update and improve this map and our database of old growth forests. If you know of an old growth forest that should be included in the map and database, let us know. We are especially seeking old hemlock forests in southern Ontario, which may be at risk to hemlock woollyadelgid
.
Consider supporting our work using the donate button on the left (powered by CanadaHelps). You will receive a Canadian charitable tax receipt, and because we are a small organization your donation will have a relatively big impact, allowing us to continue research and education related to old growth and ancient forests.*
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