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BALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
P-CHANNEL MOSFET TUTORIAL WITH ONLY POSITIVE VOLTAGES An excellent use for P-Channel is in a circuit where your load’s voltage is the same as your logic’s voltage levels. For example, if you’re trying to turn on a 5-volt relay with an Arduino. The current necessary for the relay coil is too high for an I/O pin, but the coil needs 5V to work. In ARDUINO INTERNAL PULL-UP RESISTOR TUTORIAL Picture 3: Button Wired with Internal Pull-Up (Blue wire connects to Pin 12 of the Arduino) It only takes a small change in the code to turn on these incredibly useful internal pull-up resistors. When a Pin has been configured for INPUT with pinMode (), simply use digitalWrite () to write a HIGH to that pin. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
P-CHANNEL MOSFET TUTORIAL WITH ONLY POSITIVE VOLTAGES An excellent use for P-Channel is in a circuit where your load’s voltage is the same as your logic’s voltage levels. For example, if you’re trying to turn on a 5-volt relay with an Arduino. The current necessary for the relay coil is too high for an I/O pin, but the coil needs 5V to work. In ARDUINO INTERNAL PULL-UP RESISTOR TUTORIAL Picture 3: Button Wired with Internal Pull-Up (Blue wire connects to Pin 12 of the Arduino) It only takes a small change in the code to turn on these incredibly useful internal pull-up resistors. When a Pin has been configured for INPUT with pinMode (), simply use digitalWrite () to write a HIGH to that pin. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need ARDUINO BOOTLOADER, WHAT IS IT? The Arduino bootloader supports re-programming the program memory (or Flash) over serial. Without it, you would need a dedicated hardware programmer, like the USBtiny, to change the code in the Uno’s ATmega328p. Like many microcontrollers, the ATmega328p dedicates a portion of its program memory for bootloading code. MILLIS() TUTORIAL: ARDUINO MULTITASKING millis () returns an unsigned long. When using variables associated with millis () or micros (), ALWAYS declare them as an unsigned long. The variable interval is the amount of time we are going to wait. The variable previousMillis is used so we can see how long it has been since something happened. 1. 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It RASPBERRY PI GUI TUTORIAL Create the GUI Code. Download Tutorial Code. Once you have drawn your GUI elements, it is time to generate the matching Python code. Now, don’t worry if your GUI isn’t “done.”. You can repeat the following steps as many times as you want. In QtCreator, just save your GUI. It will update the MainWindow.ui file. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Best Transistors: BJTs. Bipolar transistors come in small packages, can be driven by I/O pins directly, and are VERY cheap. There are two variants, the NPN and PNP. These little guys are the workhorses of most control circuits, for small current applications. You’ll commonly find through-hole parts in the 3-pin TO-92 style package. HOW TO TURN YOUR ARDUINO PROTOTYPE INTO A Dreaming of bringing a new hardware product to market? Perhaps you think your product will make the world a better place, or maybe you just dream of making millions of dollars. Developing a prototype based on an Arduino (Genuino outside the USA), or other development kit, is a great first step. But there is still ARDUINO: SENDING AND RECEIVING MULTI-DIGIT INTEGERS When Serial data is transmitted to an Arduino, it is sent one byte at a time. Even though you might type “123” in the Serial Monitor, that’s not quite what is sent. Instead the bytes “1” then “2” then “3” are sent. Once received into a buffer on the Arduino, these individual bytes need to THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
ARDUINO: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROGRAMMING AND NATIVE PORTS Native Port. On both the Due and Zero, the Native port is connected directly to the microcontroller. Why include this port? The direct, or native port, is useful to use the Microcontroller to emulate different USB devices. One benefit is that you can emulate a USB device on Native while reprogramming the Arduino with the Programming port.BALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
P-CHANNEL MOSFET TUTORIAL WITH ONLY POSITIVE VOLTAGES An excellent use for P-Channel is in a circuit where your load’s voltage is the same as your logic’s voltage levels. For example, if you’re trying to turn on a 5-volt relay with an Arduino. The current necessary for the relay coil is too high for an I/O pin, but the coil needs 5V to work. In ARDUINO INTERNAL PULL-UP RESISTOR TUTORIAL Picture 3: Button Wired with Internal Pull-Up (Blue wire connects to Pin 12 of the Arduino) It only takes a small change in the code to turn on these incredibly useful internal pull-up resistors. When a Pin has been configured for INPUT with pinMode (), simply use digitalWrite () to write a HIGH to that pin. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
P-CHANNEL MOSFET TUTORIAL WITH ONLY POSITIVE VOLTAGES An excellent use for P-Channel is in a circuit where your load’s voltage is the same as your logic’s voltage levels. For example, if you’re trying to turn on a 5-volt relay with an Arduino. The current necessary for the relay coil is too high for an I/O pin, but the coil needs 5V to work. In ARDUINO INTERNAL PULL-UP RESISTOR TUTORIAL Picture 3: Button Wired with Internal Pull-Up (Blue wire connects to Pin 12 of the Arduino) It only takes a small change in the code to turn on these incredibly useful internal pull-up resistors. When a Pin has been configured for INPUT with pinMode (), simply use digitalWrite () to write a HIGH to that pin. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need ARDUINO BOOTLOADER, WHAT IS IT? The Arduino bootloader supports re-programming the program memory (or Flash) over serial. Without it, you would need a dedicated hardware programmer, like the USBtiny, to change the code in the Uno’s ATmega328p. Like many microcontrollers, the ATmega328p dedicates a portion of its program memory for bootloading code. MILLIS() TUTORIAL: ARDUINO MULTITASKING millis () returns an unsigned long. When using variables associated with millis () or micros (), ALWAYS declare them as an unsigned long. The variable interval is the amount of time we are going to wait. The variable previousMillis is used so we can see how long it has been since something happened. 1. 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It RASPBERRY PI GUI TUTORIAL Create the GUI Code. Download Tutorial Code. Once you have drawn your GUI elements, it is time to generate the matching Python code. Now, don’t worry if your GUI isn’t “done.”. You can repeat the following steps as many times as you want. In QtCreator, just save your GUI. It will update the MainWindow.ui file. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Best Transistors: BJTs. Bipolar transistors come in small packages, can be driven by I/O pins directly, and are VERY cheap. There are two variants, the NPN and PNP. These little guys are the workhorses of most control circuits, for small current applications. You’ll commonly find through-hole parts in the 3-pin TO-92 style package. HOW TO TURN YOUR ARDUINO PROTOTYPE INTO A Dreaming of bringing a new hardware product to market? Perhaps you think your product will make the world a better place, or maybe you just dream of making millions of dollars. Developing a prototype based on an Arduino (Genuino outside the USA), or other development kit, is a great first step. But there is still ARDUINO: SENDING AND RECEIVING MULTI-DIGIT INTEGERS When Serial data is transmitted to an Arduino, it is sent one byte at a time. Even though you might type “123” in the Serial Monitor, that’s not quite what is sent. Instead the bytes “1” then “2” then “3” are sent. Once received into a buffer on the Arduino, these individual bytes need to THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
ARDUINO: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROGRAMMING AND NATIVE PORTS Native Port. On both the Due and Zero, the Native port is connected directly to the microcontroller. Why include this port? The direct, or native port, is useful to use the Microcontroller to emulate different USB devices. One benefit is that you can emulate a USB device on Native while reprogramming the Arduino with the Programming port.BALD ENGINEER
Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. Behind the scenes. Doing yet another DMM episode was a tough call for me. However, I am working on a project that requires me to characterize both a 1 ohm and a 100milliohm resistor.
BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Long comments, URLs, and code tend to get flagged for spam moderation. No need to resubmit. ALL comments submitted with fake or throw-away services are deleted, regardless of content. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS pip install skidl. License: MIT. Dave Vandenbout‘s tool creates schematics entirely in text.Or more correctly, describes them as a netlist file. Using Python objects, you instantiate components, connect the pins, and (optionally) check for errors. 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS If you need an easy to use RGB LCD, check out the Grove LCD from SeeedStudio.They sent me one to check out. The LCD comes with Seeed’s “grove connector system” which can connect to a variety of their Arduino-compatible boards. You can also pick up the Grove Base Shield which adds a variety of Grove connectors to an Arduino Uno. The Grove LCD makes it super easy to connect up a ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Don't use the serial monitor to create an Arduino data logger. These alternatives: SD Cards, PuTTY, screen, MQTT, and Python at work betterto capture data.
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up.BALD ENGINEER
Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. Behind the scenes. Doing yet another DMM episode was a tough call for me. However, I am working on a project that requires me to characterize both a 1 ohm and a 100milliohm resistor.
BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Long comments, URLs, and code tend to get flagged for spam moderation. No need to resubmit. ALL comments submitted with fake or throw-away services are deleted, regardless of content. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS pip install skidl. License: MIT. Dave Vandenbout‘s tool creates schematics entirely in text.Or more correctly, describes them as a netlist file. Using Python objects, you instantiate components, connect the pins, and (optionally) check for errors. 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS If you need an easy to use RGB LCD, check out the Grove LCD from SeeedStudio.They sent me one to check out. The LCD comes with Seeed’s “grove connector system” which can connect to a variety of their Arduino-compatible boards. You can also pick up the Grove Base Shield which adds a variety of Grove connectors to an Arduino Uno. The Grove LCD makes it super easy to connect up a ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Don't use the serial monitor to create an Arduino data logger. These alternatives: SD Cards, PuTTY, screen, MQTT, and Python at work betterto capture data.
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up. SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL A switching voltage regulator is a very efficient way to convert from one DC voltage to another. This tutorial introduces switchingregulator basics.
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Current is not forced at any time. Current is allowed to flow. The “beta” of the transistor is the ratio of current between Base/Emitter and Collector/Emitter. If the transistor has a beta of 100, and the current from the Base to Emitter is 1mA, then up to 100mA will flow between the Collector and Emitter. Beta varies from transistor to transistor and it varies depending on the amount of MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Don't use the serial monitor to create an Arduino data logger. These alternatives: SD Cards, PuTTY, screen, MQTT, and Python at work betterto capture data.
ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
ADAFRUIT FEATHER REVIEW AND SELECTION GUIDE Four days ago, I found out I needed to make a piece of a costume. The idea was to combine a TFT LCD with a microcontroller and Bluetooth Low Energy. I checked my microcontroller bin and found some Adafruit Feather Boards. In this post, I will introduce the THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS It’s 3am but you are not going to bed until you squash this last bug. You sprinkle Serial.print() statements everywhere you can think of, and then that’s when all hell breaks loose: Your code randomly locks up, the LEDs go crazy, and you’ve had SENDING SIMPLE SERIAL COMMANDS TO AN ARDUINO Sending simple serial commands to an Arduino is the easiest way to communicate between an Arduino and a computer. The computer could be a PC, a Raspberry Pi, or any device that communicates with serial. By sending and “decoding” a single character it is easy to add a simple debug menu or even serial menu. FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up.BALD ENGINEER
Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. Behind the scenes. Doing yet another DMM episode was a tough call for me. However, I am working on a project that requires me to characterize both a 1 ohm and a 100milliohm resistor.
BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Long comments, URLs, and code tend to get flagged for spam moderation. No need to resubmit. ALL comments submitted with fake or throw-away services are deleted, regardless of content. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS pip install skidl. License: MIT. Dave Vandenbout‘s tool creates schematics entirely in text.Or more correctly, describes them as a netlist file. Using Python objects, you instantiate components, connect the pins, and (optionally) check for errors. 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS If you need an easy to use RGB LCD, check out the Grove LCD from SeeedStudio.They sent me one to check out. The LCD comes with Seeed’s “grove connector system” which can connect to a variety of their Arduino-compatible boards. You can also pick up the Grove Base Shield which adds a variety of Grove connectors to an Arduino Uno. The Grove LCD makes it super easy to connect up a ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Don't use the serial monitor to create an Arduino data logger. These alternatives: SD Cards, PuTTY, screen, MQTT, and Python at work betterto capture data.
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up.BALD ENGINEER
Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. Behind the scenes. Doing yet another DMM episode was a tough call for me. However, I am working on a project that requires me to characterize both a 1 ohm and a 100milliohm resistor.
BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Long comments, URLs, and code tend to get flagged for spam moderation. No need to resubmit. ALL comments submitted with fake or throw-away services are deleted, regardless of content. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS pip install skidl. License: MIT. Dave Vandenbout‘s tool creates schematics entirely in text.Or more correctly, describes them as a netlist file. Using Python objects, you instantiate components, connect the pins, and (optionally) check for errors. 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS If you need an easy to use RGB LCD, check out the Grove LCD from SeeedStudio.They sent me one to check out. The LCD comes with Seeed’s “grove connector system” which can connect to a variety of their Arduino-compatible boards. You can also pick up the Grove Base Shield which adds a variety of Grove connectors to an Arduino Uno. The Grove LCD makes it super easy to connect up a ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Don't use the serial monitor to create an Arduino data logger. These alternatives: SD Cards, PuTTY, screen, MQTT, and Python at work betterto capture data.
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up. SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL A switching voltage regulator is a very efficient way to convert from one DC voltage to another. This tutorial introduces switchingregulator basics.
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Current is not forced at any time. Current is allowed to flow. The “beta” of the transistor is the ratio of current between Base/Emitter and Collector/Emitter. If the transistor has a beta of 100, and the current from the Base to Emitter is 1mA, then up to 100mA will flow between the Collector and Emitter. Beta varies from transistor to transistor and it varies depending on the amount of MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Don't use the serial monitor to create an Arduino data logger. These alternatives: SD Cards, PuTTY, screen, MQTT, and Python at work betterto capture data.
ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
ADAFRUIT FEATHER REVIEW AND SELECTION GUIDE Four days ago, I found out I needed to make a piece of a costume. The idea was to combine a TFT LCD with a microcontroller and Bluetooth Low Energy. I checked my microcontroller bin and found some Adafruit Feather Boards. In this post, I will introduce the THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS It’s 3am but you are not going to bed until you squash this last bug. You sprinkle Serial.print() statements everywhere you can think of, and then that’s when all hell breaks loose: Your code randomly locks up, the LEDs go crazy, and you’ve had SENDING SIMPLE SERIAL COMMANDS TO AN ARDUINO Sending simple serial commands to an Arduino is the easiest way to communicate between an Arduino and a computer. The computer could be a PC, a Raspberry Pi, or any device that communicates with serial. By sending and “decoding” a single character it is easy to add a simple debug menu or even serial menu. FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up.BALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Then when you open the Serial Monitor, the data logger restarts. To solve this issue, either disable auto-reset, add a 3-4 second delay at the start of setup (), wait for a character to be received, or wait for a button press. That will give you time to open the SerialMonitor.
HOLOGRAM.IO CONNECTS ADAFRUIT FONA While the buzzword “IoT “is relatively new, there has been a long time “internet of things” in operation. Those devices are called the far less sexy term “M2M” or machine-to-machine. These devices, around since the 90s, contain a microprocessor, some sensors, sometimes electromechanical hardware, and a cellular radio. These M2M devices were (and still are!) FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Then when you open the Serial Monitor, the data logger restarts. To solve this issue, either disable auto-reset, add a 3-4 second delay at the start of setup (), wait for a character to be received, or wait for a button press. That will give you time to open the SerialMonitor.
HOLOGRAM.IO CONNECTS ADAFRUIT FONA While the buzzword “IoT “is relatively new, there has been a long time “internet of things” in operation. Those devices are called the far less sexy term “M2M” or machine-to-machine. These devices, around since the 90s, contain a microprocessor, some sensors, sometimes electromechanical hardware, and a cellular radio. These M2M devices were (and still are!) FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL The switch or transistor used to control the regulator is why we call them “switching regulators.”. Transistor in Switching Voltage Regulator. When the switch is “off” no current flows through it. No current flowing, means no power wasted. When the switch is THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Best Transistors: BJTs. Bipolar transistors come in small packages, can be driven by I/O pins directly, and are VERY cheap. There are two variants, the NPN and PNP. These little guys are the workhorses of most control circuits, for small current applications. You’ll commonly find through-hole parts in the 3-pin TO-92 style package. ADAFRUIT FEATHER REVIEW AND SELECTION GUIDE The Atmel (Microchip) SAMD21E ARM Cortex-M0+ processor is the brain of the M0 Feather. (The Arduino Zero uses the same processor.) Let me tell you if you’re ready for 32-bit operations these are amazing chips. They run up to 48 MHz, have 32K of RAM and 256K of Flash. Plus, there are six serial communication (SERCOM) ports. EAGLE: GROUND PLANE (POLYGON) FILLS Creating PCBs in Eagle is a straight-forward process once you understand how EAGLE works. In fact, most users can get up to speed enough to draw a Schematic and then layout a simple PCB. Making the connections between components is not only fun but can be a form of artwork. Often overlooked is how much FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Then when you open the Serial Monitor, the data logger restarts. To solve this issue, either disable auto-reset, add a 3-4 second delay at the start of setup (), wait for a character to be received, or wait for a button press. That will give you time to open the SerialMonitor.
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need SENDING SIMPLE SERIAL COMMANDS TO AN ARDUINO Sending simple serial commands to an Arduino is the easiest way to communicate between an Arduino and a computer. The computer could be a PC, a Raspberry Pi, or any device that communicates with serial. By sending and “decoding” a single character it is easy to add a simple debug menu or even serial menu. Plus, it is easy to extend.BALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCHLED TUTORIAL
SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Best Transistors: BJTs. Bipolar transistors come in small packages, can be driven by I/O pins directly, and are VERY cheap. There are two variants, the NPN and PNP. These little guys are the workhorses of most control circuits, for small current applications. You’ll commonly find through-hole parts in the 3-pin TO-92 style package. THREE ALTERNATIVES TO ARDUINO'S SERIAL MONITOR The Arduino IDE includes a “Serial Monitor” which is decent for basic serial communication. However, when you need real time serial interaction or data logging capabilities, that’s when one of these serial monitor alternatives can come in handy. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCHLED TUTORIAL
SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Best Transistors: BJTs. Bipolar transistors come in small packages, can be driven by I/O pins directly, and are VERY cheap. There are two variants, the NPN and PNP. These little guys are the workhorses of most control circuits, for small current applications. You’ll commonly find through-hole parts in the 3-pin TO-92 style package. THREE ALTERNATIVES TO ARDUINO'S SERIAL MONITOR The Arduino IDE includes a “Serial Monitor” which is decent for basic serial communication. However, when you need real time serial interaction or data logging capabilities, that’s when one of these serial monitor alternatives can come in handy. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needLED TUTORIAL
LED Basics. A Diode is an electronic component that only conducts electricity in one direction. The “Forward Voltage” rating of a diode will determine the minimum voltage difference between the anode and cathode to allow current to flow. For example, let’s consider a diode with a forward voltage of 0.7 volts. If you apply +1 votls tothe
SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL The switch or transistor used to control the regulator is why we call them “switching regulators.”. Transistor in Switching Voltage Regulator. When the switch is “off” no current flows through it. No current flowing, means no power wasted. When the switch is BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. EAGLE: GROUND PLANE (POLYGON) FILLS Creating PCBs in Eagle is a straight-forward process once you understand how EAGLE works. In fact, most users can get up to speed enough to draw a Schematic and then layout a simple PCB. Making the connections between components is not only fun but can be a form of artwork. Often overlooked is how much ARDUINO: TOGGLING OUTPUTS It’s true! It’s also possible to use digitalRead () on an OUTPUT pin. Assuming pin 13 was set to output, this single line of code will cause the LED to change state (or flash) each time it is called: 1. digitalWrite(13, !digitalRead(13)); Keep reading to understand how these two tricks work. ARDUINO: SENDING AND RECEIVING MULTI-DIGIT INTEGERS When Serial data is transmitted to an Arduino, it is sent one byte at a time. Even though you might type “123” in the Serial Monitor, that’s not quite what is sent. Instead the bytes “1” then “2” then “3” are sent. Once received into a buffer on the Arduino, these individual bytes need to THREE ALTERNATIVES TO ARDUINO'S SERIAL MONITOR The Arduino IDE includes a “Serial Monitor” which is decent for basic serial communication. However, when you need real time serial interaction or data logging capabilities, that’s when one of these serial monitor alternatives can come in handy. ARDUINO INTERNAL PULL-UP RESISTOR TUTORIAL Picture 3: Button Wired with Internal Pull-Up (Blue wire connects to Pin 12 of the Arduino) It only takes a small change in the code to turn on these incredibly useful internal pull-up resistors. When a Pin has been configured for INPUT with pinMode (), simply use digitalWrite () to write a HIGH to that pin. THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
ARDUINO: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROGRAMMING AND NATIVE PORTS Native Port. On both the Due and Zero, the Native port is connected directly to the microcontroller. Why include this port? The direct, or native port, is useful to use the Microcontroller to emulate different USB devices. One benefit is that you can emulate a USB device on Native while reprogramming the Arduino with the Programming port.BALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH CREATING CUSTOM KICAD SCHEMATIC SYMBOL IN 5 STEPS For footprints, I am a fan of using existing footprints when possible. KiCad has a vast library of standard footprints that are easy to match up to a custom schematic symbol. Step #1. Create a schematic library. Creating your library keeps your custom symbols in one place. These can be symbols you create or download. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. HOLOGRAM.IO CONNECTS ADAFRUIT FONA While the buzzword “IoT “is relatively new, there has been a long time “internet of things” in operation. Those devices are called the far less sexy term “M2M” or machine-to-machine. These devices, around since the 90s, contain a microprocessor, some sensors, sometimes electromechanical hardware, and a cellular radio. These M2M devices were (and still are!) FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better HAKKO FX-888D REVIEW Just based on the color, the Hakko FX-888D seemed, at first, like it was a toy compared to other electronic tools and equipment. The color does make it easy to spot even if you are buried in a project. You can quickly find it because it stands out. The outside seems like plastic,but it
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH CREATING CUSTOM KICAD SCHEMATIC SYMBOL IN 5 STEPS For footprints, I am a fan of using existing footprints when possible. KiCad has a vast library of standard footprints that are easy to match up to a custom schematic symbol. Step #1. Create a schematic library. Creating your library keeps your custom symbols in one place. These can be symbols you create or download. MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics. HOLOGRAM.IO CONNECTS ADAFRUIT FONA While the buzzword “IoT “is relatively new, there has been a long time “internet of things” in operation. Those devices are called the far less sexy term “M2M” or machine-to-machine. These devices, around since the 90s, contain a microprocessor, some sensors, sometimes electromechanical hardware, and a cellular radio. These M2M devices were (and still are!) FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better HAKKO FX-888D REVIEW Just based on the color, the Hakko FX-888D seemed, at first, like it was a toy compared to other electronic tools and equipment. The color does make it easy to spot even if you are buried in a project. You can quickly find it because it stands out. The outside seems like plastic,but it
WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
ELECTRONICS: INTRODUCTION TO BREADBOARDS The board shown in Picture 1 is a pretty common “medium” sized breadboard. Picture 1 – Totally Blank Breadboard. This particular breadboard has 4 “bus strips” sections, which are used for power and two big blocks of “terminal strips” where you’ll place components and jumper wires. Sometimes you can find this style mountedto a
EAGLE: GROUND PLANE (POLYGON) FILLS Creating PCBs in Eagle is a straight-forward process once you understand how EAGLE works. In fact, most users can get up to speed enough to draw a Schematic and then layout a simple PCB. Making the connections between components is not only fun but can be a form of artwork. Often overlooked is how much FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better FIVE ARDUINO MATH FIXES FOR WHEN IT IS WRONG While the Arduino library does an excellent job of hiding some of C/C++’s warts, at the end of the day, it is still just C/C++. This fact causes a few non-intuitive issues for inexperienced programmers. When it looks like Arduino math is wrong, it is probably one of ARDUINO DATA LOGGER: SERIAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES Then when you open the Serial Monitor, the data logger restarts. To solve this issue, either disable auto-reset, add a 3-4 second delay at the start of setup (), wait for a character to be received, or wait for a button press. That will give you time to open the SerialMonitor.
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
THE 4 BEST TRANSISTORS TO KEEP IN YOUR PARTS KIT Best Transistors: BJTs. Bipolar transistors come in small packages, can be driven by I/O pins directly, and are VERY cheap. There are two variants, the NPN and PNP. These little guys are the workhorses of most control circuits, for small current applications. You’ll commonly find through-hole parts in the 3-pin TO-92 style package. ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout DIY ACTIVE DIFFERENTIAL PROBE PROJECT DIY Active Differential Probe Project. Daniel Kramnik Project Blog. 2014-09-28. Active Probe Setup (via xellers) Back when I worked for an Oscilloscope company, we were pretty proud of our differential probes. Even the “low-bandwidth” probes were still around 1GHz of bandwidth. Daniel Kramnik built an active differential probe and looksBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needLED TUTORIAL
LED Basics. A Diode is an electronic component that only conducts electricity in one direction. The “Forward Voltage” rating of a diode will determine the minimum voltage difference between the anode and cathode to allow current to flow. For example, let’s consider a diode with a forward voltage of 0.7 volts. If you apply +1 votls tothe
7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL The switch or transistor used to control the regulator is why we call them “switching regulators.”. Transistor in Switching Voltage Regulator. When the switch is “off” no current flows through it. No current flowing, means no power wasted. When the switch is ARDUINO BOOTLOADER, WHAT IS IT? The Arduino bootloader supports re-programming the program memory (or Flash) over serial. Without it, you would need a dedicated hardware programmer, like the USBtiny, to change the code in the Uno’s ATmega328p. Like many microcontrollers, the ATmega328p dedicates a portion of its program memory for bootloading code. MQTT TUTORIAL FOR RASPBERRY PI, ARDUINO, AND ESP8266 This week’s MQTT Tutorial connects a Raspberry Pi, ESP8266 (or Arduino), and a PC together. Remember last week’s post provided an overview of message brokers and MQTT.We learned that MQTT is a hub and spoke protocol for sending messages between IoT devices. FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better MILLIS() TUTORIAL: ARDUINO MULTITASKING millis () returns an unsigned long. When using variables associated with millis () or micros (), ALWAYS declare them as an unsigned long. The variable interval is the amount of time we are going to wait. The variable previousMillis is used so we can see how long it has been since something happened. 1. ELECTRONICS: INTRODUCTION TO BREADBOARDS The board shown in Picture 1 is a pretty common “medium” sized breadboard. Picture 1 – Totally Blank Breadboard. This particular breadboard has 4 “bus strips” sections, which are used for power and two big blocks of “terminal strips” where you’ll place components and jumper wires. Sometimes you can find this style mountedto a
P-CHANNEL MOSFET TUTORIAL WITH ONLY POSITIVE VOLTAGES An excellent use for P-Channel is in a circuit where your load’s voltage is the same as your logic’s voltage levels. For example, if you’re trying to turn on a 5-volt relay with an Arduino. The current necessary for the relay coil is too high for an I/O pin, but the coil needs 5V to work. In MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics.BALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needBALD ENGINEER
Bald Engineer - Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench Wednesdays. element14 Presents. 2019-07-17. A multimeter is the go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Step 2: Sort by Multiplier. The second step is to identify the multiplier code for the resistor. On 4-band resistors this is relatively easy, but still necessary. On 5-band resistors, however, the process is more complicated. Thankfully, following this process makes dealing with 5-band resistors much easier. LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL 7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS It is very plug-and-play. As I dig into my latest project, the lessons I learned back then are coming back to me. Here are 7 tips for driving an Arduino LCD display, like one with 2×20 or 4×20 characters. 1. Buffer the Arduino LCD Display. One approach I see many people try with a character LCD is letting their code directly print to thedisplay.
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS The F () macro tells the compiler to leave this particular array in PROGMEM. Then when it is time to access it, one byte of the data is copied to RAM at a time. There’s a small performance overhead for this extra work. However, printing strings over Serial or to a LCD is a really slow process, so a few extra clock cycles really won’tmatter.
ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? Instead of trying to reset millis (), just use subtraction to handle the millis () time detection and rollover. It is a simple method that won’t involve modifying any code in the Arduino libraries. (This also works with micros () too!) Also, if you want to learn more about how to how to use millis to multitask or replace delay () , checkout FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you needLED TUTORIAL
LED Basics. A Diode is an electronic component that only conducts electricity in one direction. The “Forward Voltage” rating of a diode will determine the minimum voltage difference between the anode and cathode to allow current to flow. For example, let’s consider a diode with a forward voltage of 0.7 volts. If you apply +1 votls tothe
7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS Learn more about PySpice. 3. Pint makes Units Easy. 1. pip install pint. License: BSD. If you’re doing engineering math, keeping track of units can be cumbersome. While not specific to electronics, Pint is one of the best Python engineering modules. It SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL The switch or transistor used to control the regulator is why we call them “switching regulators.”. Transistor in Switching Voltage Regulator. When the switch is “off” no current flows through it. No current flowing, means no power wasted. When the switch is ARDUINO BOOTLOADER, WHAT IS IT? The Arduino bootloader supports re-programming the program memory (or Flash) over serial. Without it, you would need a dedicated hardware programmer, like the USBtiny, to change the code in the Uno’s ATmega328p. Like many microcontrollers, the ATmega328p dedicates a portion of its program memory for bootloading code. MQTT TUTORIAL FOR RASPBERRY PI, ARDUINO, AND ESP8266 This week’s MQTT Tutorial connects a Raspberry Pi, ESP8266 (or Arduino), and a PC together. Remember last week’s post provided an overview of message brokers and MQTT.We learned that MQTT is a hub and spoke protocol for sending messages between IoT devices. FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) However, there are four states: “Blinking,” “ON,” “OFF,” and “Not Blinking.”. One option is, of course, to have two flag variables. One called shouldBlink and blinkState. Another option is to use an enumerated type, also known as, enum. It’s probably better MILLIS() TUTORIAL: ARDUINO MULTITASKING millis () returns an unsigned long. When using variables associated with millis () or micros (), ALWAYS declare them as an unsigned long. The variable interval is the amount of time we are going to wait. The variable previousMillis is used so we can see how long it has been since something happened. 1. ELECTRONICS: INTRODUCTION TO BREADBOARDS The board shown in Picture 1 is a pretty common “medium” sized breadboard. Picture 1 – Totally Blank Breadboard. This particular breadboard has 4 “bus strips” sections, which are used for power and two big blocks of “terminal strips” where you’ll place components and jumper wires. Sometimes you can find this style mountedto a
P-CHANNEL MOSFET TUTORIAL WITH ONLY POSITIVE VOLTAGES An excellent use for P-Channel is in a circuit where your load’s voltage is the same as your logic’s voltage levels. For example, if you’re trying to turn on a 5-volt relay with an Arduino. The current necessary for the relay coil is too high for an I/O pin, but the coil needs 5V to work. In MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics.BALD ENGINEER
Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. Behind the scenes. Doing yet another DMM episode was a tough call for me. However, I am working on a project that requires me to characterize both a 1 ohm and a 100milliohm resistor.
LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Long comments, URLs, and code tend to get flagged for spam moderation. No need to resubmit. ALL comments submitted with fake or throw-away services are deleted, regardless of content. 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS If you need an easy to use RGB LCD, check out the Grove LCD from SeeedStudio.They sent me one to check out. The LCD comes with Seeed’s “grove connector system” which can connect to a variety of their Arduino-compatible boards. You can also pick up the Grove Base Shield which adds a variety of Grove connectors to an Arduino Uno. The Grove LCD makes it super easy to connect up a 7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS It’s 3am but you are not going to bed until you squash this last bug. You sprinkle Serial.print() statements everywhere you can think of, and then that’s when all hell breaks loose: Your code randomly locks up, the LEDs go crazy, and you’ve had WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up.BALD ENGINEER
Electronics Tutorials for Enginerds. Behind the scenes. Doing yet another DMM episode was a tough call for me. However, I am working on a project that requires me to characterize both a 1 ohm and a 100milliohm resistor.
LOW SIDE VS. HIGH SIDE TRANSISTOR SWITCH BEST SORTING RESISTORS METHOD Long comments, URLs, and code tend to get flagged for spam moderation. No need to resubmit. ALL comments submitted with fake or throw-away services are deleted, regardless of content. 7 ARDUINO LCD DISPLAY TIPS AND TRICKS If you need an easy to use RGB LCD, check out the Grove LCD from SeeedStudio.They sent me one to check out. The LCD comes with Seeed’s “grove connector system” which can connect to a variety of their Arduino-compatible boards. You can also pick up the Grove Base Shield which adds a variety of Grove connectors to an Arduino Uno. The Grove LCD makes it super easy to connect up a 7 MOSFET MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ADDRESSED The most popular AddOhms video is my short tutorial on MOSFET basics. In the years since I posted the video, people have sent me many questions. While answering those questions I’ve learned quite a bit as well. For example, in that video, I say that Vgs is SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL ARDUINO: HOW DO YOU RESET MILLIS() ? The quick answer to “How do you reset millis()” is: You Don’t! And here’s why: if you did, it would potentially break most libraries and functions that rely on it. Generally the reason people want to reset it, is that they are concerned about rollover. Insteadof focusing on
THE HIDDEN ARDUINO MACRO F() FIXES RANDOM LOCK UPS It’s 3am but you are not going to bed until you squash this last bug. You sprinkle Serial.print() statements everywhere you can think of, and then that’s when all hell breaks loose: Your code randomly locks up, the LEDs go crazy, and you’ve had WHEN DO YOU USE THE ARDUINO'S SERIAL.FLUSH()? In the Arduino library, the Serial object has a method called “flush().” Often users go throwing it into programs without fully understanding what it does. It doesn’t help that it’s functionality changed when version 1.0 of the Arduino IDE was released. Does Serial.flush() affect the Transmit Buffer or the Receive Buffer and when do you need FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up.LED TUTORIAL
Ohm’s law determines the value of R_LIMIT. The R_LIMIT and LED are in series. This connection means their voltages add-up and the amount of current going through them is the same. 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS pip install skidl. License: MIT. Dave Vandenbout‘s tool creates schematics entirely in text.Or more correctly, describes them as a netlist file. Using Python objects, you instantiate components, connect the pins, and (optionally) check for errors. SWITCHING VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUTORIAL A switching voltage regulator is a very efficient way to convert from one DC voltage to another. This tutorial introduces switchingregulator basics.
MILLIS() TUTORIAL: ARDUINO MULTITASKING After learning how to flash a single LED on your Arduino, you are probably looking for a way to make cool patterns, but feel limited by the use of delay(). If you ask in the forums, you get told to look at the “Blink Without Delay” example. This example introduces the idea of replacing delay() RASPBERRY PI GUI TUTORIAL My favorite Raspberry Pi add-on is the PiTFT from Adafruit.With it, you easily get a Raspberry Pi GUI interface and touch screen. The PiTFT software install FLAG VARIABLES ARE NOT EVIL (FOR MICROCONTROLLERS) Thanks – another topic that I feel you’ve hit perfectly on the head. Another scenario that I’ve use flags for, is where a number of events can trigger a single action – for example (to contrive an example) if a button press, or a specific character over the UART, or a time-based event could all cause a warning LED to light up. MQTT TUTORIAL FOR RASPBERRY PI, ARDUINO, AND ESP8266 This week’s MQTT Tutorial connects a Raspberry Pi, ESP8266 (or Arduino), and a PC together. Remember last week’s post provided an overview of message brokers and MQTT.We learned that MQTT is a hub and spoke protocol for sending messages between IoT devices. ARDUINO BOOTLOADER, WHAT IS IT? Almost all microcontroller (and microprocessor) development systems use some form of a bootloader. Often called firmware, mistakenly, the Arduino bootloader is one example. Since it is a rather popular platform, let’s use it as an example. ELECTRONICS: INTRODUCTION TO BREADBOARDS Soldering every circuit you build probably isn’t practical. At some point you are probably going to want to use some type of temporary method to connect different components together. One of the popular methods is using a breadboard. This simple (and cool) looking device only needs a few instructions before you can begin Layout of MULTIPLE MQTT TOPICS WITH ARDUINO PUBSUBCLIENT In my Arduino MQTT Examples, I kept things simple by only subscribing to a single topic.One of the strengths of MQTT is that a device can subscribe (or publish) to multiple topics. The broker will sort things out. Even though my first example only showed one, it is straight forward to get the Arduino PubSubClient library to subscribe to Multiple MQTT topics.BALD ENGINEER
ELECTRONICS TUTORIALS FOR ENGINERDSBALD ENGINEER
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DMM Basics Video Tutorial | Workbench WednesdaysELEMENT14 PRESENTS
2019-07-17
A multimeter is _the_ go-to-tool for electronics measurements. Knowing how to use it to measure voltage, current, diodes, and transistors can save time (and frustration) while troubleshooting. In this video, James explains how the multimeter works, so that you can understand them better. After watching, you will gain a solid DMM basicsunderstanding.
BEHIND THE SCENES OF WBW’S DMM BASICS The first Workbench Wednesdays episode covered a pen-style DMM.
Back when we were first developing the show, the intent was to be more of a review show and less of a tutorial show. That episode became a mix of both. So we decided to do a straight-up tutorial on DMM basics. Measuring voltage usually has not tripped up too many people, especially on an auto-ranging meter. The main thing to remember with current is to move the red lead back to the voltage input immediately after making a measurement. I touched on continuity briefly but hope to come back and cover that more in the future. After watching this episode, I would recommend moving to the bench power supply tutorial. After
a DMM, the bench supply is one of the most used tools. See show notes on element14Comments (0)
| | Posted on: February 23, 2020 in Links__
4-Wire Resistance Tutorial | Workbench WednesdaysELEMENT14 PRESENTS
2020-01-16
Bench DMMs have an extra set of banana jacks called “sense.” Known as a Kelvin or 4-wire resistance measurements, these inputs accurately measure small resistors. Like, milliohms small. This video shows how to make a 4-wire measurement, prove when it is accurate, and alternatives to 4-wire. See below for an explanation of the alternative method shown.BEHIND THE SCENES
Doing yet another DMM episodewas a
tough call for me. However, I am working on a project that requires me to characterize both a 1 ohm and a 100 milliohm resistor. The element14 community was kind enough to send me an MP720028 bench DMM. As shown in the picture, it has an extra set of banana jacks called “4-wire sense.” These connections make 4-wire resistance measurements. In this video, I show the same resistor measured with the traditional 2-wire and advanced 4-wire configuration. (Spoiler Alert! The 2-wire measurement was almost twice as big as the 4-wire!) ALTERNATIVE 4-WIRE RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT In the video, I show one optional method of using a multimeter with 4-wire resistance capability. The trade-off is that it requires at least two multimeters. Since the 4-wire measurement is making two measurements at the same time: voltage and current, the alternative method does the same thing. A bench power supply,
ideally with current limiting, applies a voltage to the resistor under test (RUT). One multimeter is used to measure the current through the resistor and, another measure the voltage across it. In a pinch, you could use the bench supply’s ammeter for the current, however, its precision is probably much less than the average DMM. Once the voltage and current are known, a little bit of ohm’s law determines the RUT’s resistance! See show notes on element14Comments (0)
| | Posted on: February 23, 2020 in Links__
Digilent Analog Discovery 2 Review | Workbench WednesdaysELEMENT14 PRESENTS
2019-12-18
The Analog Discovery 2 combines all the equipment found on a typical electronics workbench into one small package. It packs an oscilloscope, logic analyzer, power supplies, spectrum analyzer, and so much more. As impressive as the hardware is, the Analog Discovery 2’s software, called Waveforms, is fantastic as well. You can configure it for any measurement situation, and it has extensive scripting capability. See if you should be considering adding the Analog Discovery 2 to your electronics workbench. My day job causes me to travel on a regular basis. Sometimes that means taking my circuits with me. I picked up an Analog Discovery 2 so that I could take test equipment with me. It’s a small enough box that fits nicely into my bag. The one significant trade-off is that it requires a PC to be functional. However, for travel, that works outgreat.
The key functions the Analog Discovery 2 provides are: * 2-Channel oscilloscope * 2-Channel function generator * Voltmeter (not DMM!) * 2-Channel Power Supply w/ negative voltage * 16 Digital Channels for Logic, Protocol, and General Purpose I/O * Network Analyzer (Bode Plots!)* Spectrum Analyzer
* Impedance Analyzer There are probably other functions, but that covers the major ones. Years ago, I reviewed the Virtual Bench from National Instruments. While the Virtual Bench has better specs than the Analog Discovery 2, the difference in price points is staggering. You can get the AD2 for $200-300. Check out how some of the features work and my thoughts on this device in this Workbench Wednesdays review. See show notes on element14Comments (0)
| | Posted on: December 29, 2019 in Links__
Function Generator Basics | Workbench WednesdaysELEMENT14 PRESENTS
2019-11-27
Generating signals with a waveform, function, or arbitrary generator lets you test all kinds of circuits. Learn how to get a function generator to output a signal, the 3 types of waveforms you can create, and which controls matter. James, the Bald Engineer, explains the difference between analog and digital generators. The video introduction is my first attempt at doing an LGR style “Tech Tales” story. It is short with only a few images. However, it is something I would like to do more of in the future. My professional career started at Agilent right when they split off from Hewlett Packard. Most of my co-workers had been there while Bill and Dave still worked at the company. Even though the computer division took the name, Agilent was HP’s core: test and measurement. Someday I hope to see an actual 200A. Their place in history has become legendary. Some people say that Disney’s Fantasia could not be produced without it. However, Bill (or Dave) set the record straight. Disney’s engineers could have used another piece of equipment, however, they did select the 200A. See show notes on element14Comments (0)
| | Posted on: December 29, 2019 in Links__
Logic Analyzer Basics | Workbench WednesdaysELEMENT14 PRESENTS
2019-11-06
Logic analyzers capture digital signals and then display a waveform or list. Serial busses like I2C, SPI, or UART (Serial) can be decoded or triggered on when there are problems in your circuit. In this video, learn the basic controls you need to use (almost) any logic analyzer. You’ll learn how to set up a simple trigger, make measurements, and set things like sample rate or memory depth. When I first graduated from college, I started as an Application Engineer for Agilent Technologies. Based in Austin, I supported computer companies like Dell, Compaq, HP, IBM, and Tandem. I helped their engineers set up million-dollar logic analyzer configurations to measure various PC busses. I did embellish a tad during the introduction. Shown in the video is an HP 16500. While I did occasionally help program a trigger on these analyzers, my career really started with its successor, the HP 16700. Both were amazing analyzers for their time. It is mind-boggling to think that a small $150 USB-based device has very similar measurement capabilities to those old beasts. Previously, I made a written Logic Analyzer introduction tutorial and benchmarked digitalWrite() with a Salee Logic 8.
Contrary to what people have said, the LA2016 featured in this video does NOT use Salee’s excellent Logic software. However, the user interface is clearly copied from it. See show notes on element14Comments (0)
| |
Posted on: December 29, 2019 in Links__
Spectrum Analyzer Basics | Workbench WednesdaysELEMENT14 PRESENTS
2019-10-09
A spectrum analyzer displays signals in the frequency domain. To use one, you only need to know about four controls: reference level, center frequency, and resolution bandwidth. In this episode, see how to use a spectrum analyzer and determine the transmitting frequency ofa device.
The example device is my microphone transmitter. It operates around 500 MHz with FM modulation. You’ll see how I step through the spectrum analyzer controls to find the exact frequency. At the end of the episode, I show some advanced measurements you can do with a modern spectrum analyzer. My favorite one is the demodulation.(more…)
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| | Posted on: October 16, 2019 in Links__
Electronic Load Basics | Workbench Wednesdays ELEMENT14 PRESENTS ON YOUTUBE2019-09-18
During the Bench Power Supply basics video,
I made use of my electronic load. An electronic load can sink current from power sources such as power supplies or batteries. Loads are useful to test a power supply’s design margin or verify a battery’s capacity. See how three different instrument options from ultra low-end to midrange to high-end compare. After this element14 Presents Workbench Wednesday video, you will understand how to use modes on an electronic load like constant current and constant resistance to make different measurements. In the video, I compare three different types of tools: a $50 battery tester from eBay, BK Precision 8540 Electronic Load , and a high-end Rohde & SchwarzNGM202
.
They are all capable of acting as a constant current sink. In other words, you program the current and let the supply under test run. In the case of batteries, this mode is useful to test battery life. The 8540 and NGM202 both feature other capabilities like constant resistance which, as you can imagine, acts as an electronic resistor. The cool thing about using an electronic load as a power resistor is that some of them are capable of sinking up to 10s of amps. After submitting the video to the producers, I realized I focused very heavily on batteries. More often, you use an electronic load to test power supply boards or modules. I wish I had shown those more, but it didn’t seem like it was missing until the end. So maybe in the future I can convert tools for measuring DC/DC power supplies? However, I did cover one topic significant to me. I show just how bad9V batteries are
, a topic which I
like to come back to often. So I made sure to show off just how bad they work when driven past 100 mA. (It is terrible!) Learn more at element14Comments (0)
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| Posted on: September 18, 2019 in Links__
Bench Power Supply Basics | Workbench Wednesdays ELEMENT14 PRESENTS ON YOUTUBE2019-08-28
A bench power supply makes powering circuits easy and safe. Learn how to adjust basic controls like voltage. Finally, see how “current limiting” works (and why you should use it.) See how you can use built-in series or parallel tracking to increase a bench power supply’s voltage or current output. Last, if you are in the market for a power supply, do not forget to add some leads like mini-grabbers, alligator clips, and banana plugs. See more at element14Permalink
| |
Posted on: August 28, 2019 in Links__
DCA Pro Transistor Tester Review | Workbench Wednesdays ELEMENT14 PRESENTS ON YOUTUBE2018-08-07
When it comes to transistors, there are only so many things a multimeter can measure. The DCA Pro from PEAK Electronics makes short work of testing parts like a transistor. This small device can determine pinout, component type, and essential parameters in a matter of seconds. Not only that, but it can be connected to a (Windows) PC and draw parameter curves. Check out the video review to see how the device and software works. Then head over to the element14 page where you can download a zip file full of example parts I measured for you. Use the free DCA Pro software to open them. You might also want to check out this MOSFET Curves post,
which complements this video tutorial. Another resource you might find helpful on semiconductors, or transistors, is this post on MOSFETMyths
.
See more on element14Comments (0)
| | Posted on: August 7, 2019 in Links__
Posted on Thursday, July 11, 2019 7+ PYTHON ENGINEERING MODULES FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERSBY JAMES LEWIS
Python is everywhere. Its capabilities continue to grow. Not only can you create simple scripts, but you can create full-blown applications with it. The core has been scaled down to run on 32-bit microcontrollers like the ESP32 and Adafruit Feather M0. You can even use Python engineer modules to design stuff like circuits. There are electronics Python modules that create schematics, simulate circuits, and make solving math a cinch. Here are some of the modules I found that make Python usable for (electronics) engineering. Up front, make sure you have a functioning Python environment. Update the package manager “pip ” since all of these electronics python modules rely on it. Speaking of dependences, you may need to also install third-party libraries for some of them. From what I can tell, these all should be platform independent. However, I only tested these electronic modules with64-bit Windows.
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Fan of making stuff beep, blink, and fly. KN6FGY. * Oscilloscopes for Rohde & Schwarz North America * Creator AddOhms Electronics Channel on YouTube * Writer for Hackster News * Host Workbench Wednesdays on element14 presents With 20+ years of experience in electronics, marketing, sales, and teaching I boil seemingly difficult concepts down to the core, so that anyone can learn what they need to finish that next great project. Learn More About The Bald Engineer SUGGESTED FRIENDS AND SITES Here are a few sites, services, and people I suggest visiting andfollowing
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