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REFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, POLARIZATION RESISTANCE TUTORIAL Polarization Resistance Tutorial - Getting Started Overview of Polarization Resistance. Linear polarization resistance (LPR) is a quick, nondestructive testing technique commonly used in material corrosion studies to gain corrosion rate data. EIS OF ORGANIC COATINGS-PAINTS: ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE Notice the large difference between the dielectric constant of water and that of an organic coating. The capacitance of a coated substrate changes as it absorbs water. EIS can be used to measure that change. Notice that the capacitance of a coating increases when the area of the coating increases and when the coating thickness decreases. BASICS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2 Figure 1. Sinusoidal Current Response in a Linear System The excitation signal, expressed as a function of time, has the form E t =E 0 sin(ωt) (2) where Et is the potential at time t, E0 is theamplitude
REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA iii Limited Warranty Gamry Instruments, Inc. warrants to the original user of this product that it shall be free of defects resulting from faulty manufacture of the product or its components for a period of two years from the original shipment date TWO-, THREE-, AND FOUR-ELECTRODE EXPERIMENTS counter) electrode(s) are not being measured. What is being measured is the effect of an applied current on the solution itself or some barrier in that solution. Figure 5: 4-electrode cell setup The most common use of this setup is for measuring ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS-GALVANOSTAT/POTENTIOSTATABOUT USSUPPORTRESOURCESCONTACT USCLIENT LOGINSHOP ACCESSORIES Biological Electrochemistry. Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry. Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements. GAMRY REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA The Reference 3000 is a high-current, high-performance potentiostat well suited for researchers studying batteries, fuel cells or supercapacitors. It is also well suited for general physical electrochemistry experiments requiring high voltages and high currents. For very high current applications, the Reference 3000 can be interfaced with our SQUARE-WAVE VOLTAMMETRY Fig. 1.Schematic of how voltage varies with time in square-wave voltammetry. Time, τ, for One Square-Wave Cycle and Step Both square-wave cycle and length of a single step in the voltage series take a time τ.The inverse of the cycle length is the frequency, 1/τ.Scan Rate
ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY APPLICATION NOTES Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is now ubiquitous in the electrochemical research, development, and quality-control world. The technique compares the observed data from an EIS scan to a hypothetical model network of resistors, capacitors, inductors, and other theoretical components. Read the full article ». REFERENCE 30K BOOSTER FOR REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT: EIS The Reference 30k Booster for the Reference 3000 Potentiostat is an external hardware option which increases the current limit of the Reference 3000/3000AE to ± 30 Amps. It features a class-leading bandwidth of 300 kHz, allowing for high-frequency EIS measurements and rapid pulsing experiments. The Reference 3000 Potentiostat plus theREFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, BASICS OF EIS: ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH-IMPEDANCE Electrochemical impedance is normally measured using a small excitation signal. This is done so that the cell's response is pseudo-linear. In a linear (or pseudo-linear) system, the current response to a sinusoidal potential will be a sinusoid at the same frequency but shifted in phase (see Figure 1). ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY Impedance • The term impedance refers to the frequency dependant resistance to current flow of a circuit element (resistor, capacitor, inductor,etc.) • Impedance assumes an AC current of a TWO-, THREE-, AND FOUR-ELECTRODE EXPERIMENTS counter) electrode(s) are not being measured. What is being measured is the effect of an applied current on the solution itself or some barrier in that solution. Figure 5: 4-electrode cell setup The most common use of this setup is for measuring SOFTWARE UPDATES: LATEST GAMRY SOFTWARE VERSIONS/UPDATES Software Updates. For your convenience, we have created a ‘Client Portal’ for registering your Gamry instrument(s). This feature will enable you to: Keep track of all of your Gamry Instruments. See at a glance what software you are running ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTATION APPLICATION-TECH NOTES Using the Interface 5000 Dual Electrometer. Posted by gamry on February 27, 2020. This Technical Note is meant to show users how the Dual Electrometer feature of the Interface 5000 potentiostat can help you make simultaneous measurements on both half cells during an electrochemical experiment. Read the full article ». GAMRY INSTALLATION-SETUP TECH SUPPORT: INSTALLING A Step-by-step Instructions for Changing Your ECM8 COM Port Number. Windows initializes the USB converter device and automatically assigns the next available COM port. This is a problem if the converter is plugged into a different physical USB port, as windows will see it as a brand new device and will initialize it with a new COM port number. EIS OF ORGANIC COATINGS-PAINTS: ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE Notice the large difference between the dielectric constant of water and that of an organic coating. The capacitance of a coated substrate changes as it absorbs water. EIS can be used to measure that change. Notice that the capacitance of a coating increases when the area of the coating increases and when the coating thickness decreases. BASICS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2 Figure 1. Sinusoidal Current Response in a Linear System The excitation signal, expressed as a function of time, has the form E t =E 0 sin(ωt) (2) where Et is the potential at time t, E0 is theamplitude
CALCULATOR FOR CONVERTING POTENTIALS TO ANOTHER REFERENCE Convert Potentials to Another Reference Electrode. Enter the recorded voltage in mV and select the reference electrode used to record it. *Calculations derived from "Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications", A J Bard and L R Faulkner, John Wiley & BASICS OF EIS: ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH-IMPEDANCE Basics of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. This tutorial presents an introduction to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) theory and has been kept as free from mathematics and electricaltheory as possible.
TESTING LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES-ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS This application note discusses electrochemical measurements on lithium-ion batteries. Theory and general setup of lithium-ion batteries are explained. Important parameters for characterizing batteries are described. In addition, various experiments on coin cells are performed. They show how to gain information about a battery’s performance ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. POTENTIOSTAT STABILITY: TIPS FOR IMPROVING POTENTIOSTAT This list is not in any particular order. Any or all of these steps may help. Slow down the potentiostat. Gamry potentiostats have several control amplifier speed settings, which can be selected in software. Slower settings are generally more stable. Increase the potentiostat’s I/E stability setting. ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS-GALVANOSTAT/POTENTIOSTATABOUT USSUPPORTRESOURCESCONTACT USCLIENT LOGINSHOP ACCESSORIES Biological Electrochemistry. Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry. Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements. GAMRY REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA The Reference 3000 is a high-current, high-performance potentiostat well suited for researchers studying batteries, fuel cells or supercapacitors. It is also well suited for general physical electrochemistry experiments requiring high voltages and high currents. For very high current applications, the Reference 3000 can be interfaced with our SQUARE-WAVE VOLTAMMETRY Fig. 1.Schematic of how voltage varies with time in square-wave voltammetry. Time, τ, for One Square-Wave Cycle and Step Both square-wave cycle and length of a single step in the voltage series take a time τ.The inverse of the cycle length is the frequency, 1/τ.Scan Rate
REFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, POLARIZATION RESISTANCE TUTORIAL Polarization Resistance Tutorial - Getting Started Overview of Polarization Resistance. Linear polarization resistance (LPR) is a quick, nondestructive testing technique commonly used in material corrosion studies to gain corrosion rate data. EIS OF ORGANIC COATINGS-PAINTS: ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE Notice the large difference between the dielectric constant of water and that of an organic coating. The capacitance of a coated substrate changes as it absorbs water. EIS can be used to measure that change. Notice that the capacitance of a coating increases when the area of the coating increases and when the coating thickness decreases. ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS-GALVANOSTAT/POTENTIOSTATABOUT USSUPPORTRESOURCESCONTACT USCLIENT LOGINSHOP ACCESSORIES Biological Electrochemistry. Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry. Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements. GAMRY REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA The Reference 3000 is a high-current, high-performance potentiostat well suited for researchers studying batteries, fuel cells or supercapacitors. It is also well suited for general physical electrochemistry experiments requiring high voltages and high currents. For very high current applications, the Reference 3000 can be interfaced with our SQUARE-WAVE VOLTAMMETRY Fig. 1.Schematic of how voltage varies with time in square-wave voltammetry. Time, τ, for One Square-Wave Cycle and Step Both square-wave cycle and length of a single step in the voltage series take a time τ.The inverse of the cycle length is the frequency, 1/τ.Scan Rate
REFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, POLARIZATION RESISTANCE TUTORIAL Polarization Resistance Tutorial - Getting Started Overview of Polarization Resistance. Linear polarization resistance (LPR) is a quick, nondestructive testing technique commonly used in material corrosion studies to gain corrosion rate data. EIS OF ORGANIC COATINGS-PAINTS: ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE Notice the large difference between the dielectric constant of water and that of an organic coating. The capacitance of a coated substrate changes as it absorbs water. EIS can be used to measure that change. Notice that the capacitance of a coating increases when the area of the coating increases and when the coating thickness decreases. BASICS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2 Figure 1. Sinusoidal Current Response in a Linear System The excitation signal, expressed as a function of time, has the form E t =E 0 sin(ωt) (2) where Et is the potential at time t, E0 is theamplitude
REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA iii Limited Warranty Gamry Instruments, Inc. warrants to the original user of this product that it shall be free of defects resulting from faulty manufacture of the product or its components for a period of two years from the original shipment date TWO-, THREE-, AND FOUR-ELECTRODE EXPERIMENTS counter) electrode(s) are not being measured. What is being measured is the effect of an applied current on the solution itself or some barrier in that solution. Figure 5: 4-electrode cell setup The most common use of this setup is for measuring SOFTWARE UPDATES: LATEST GAMRY SOFTWARE VERSIONS/UPDATES Software Updates. For your convenience, we have created a ‘Client Portal’ for registering your Gamry instrument(s). This feature will enable you to: Keep track of all of your Gamry Instruments. See at a glance what software you are running ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTATION APPLICATION-TECH NOTES Using the Interface 5000 Dual Electrometer. Posted by gamry on February 27, 2020. This Technical Note is meant to show users how the Dual Electrometer feature of the Interface 5000 potentiostat can help you make simultaneous measurements on both half cells during an electrochemical experiment. Read the full article ». GAMRY INSTALLATION-SETUP TECH SUPPORT: INSTALLING A Step-by-step Instructions for Changing Your ECM8 COM Port Number. Windows initializes the USB converter device and automatically assigns the next available COM port. This is a problem if the converter is plugged into a different physical USB port, as windows will see it as a brand new device and will initialize it with a new COM port number. EIS OF ORGANIC COATINGS-PAINTS: ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE Notice the large difference between the dielectric constant of water and that of an organic coating. The capacitance of a coated substrate changes as it absorbs water. EIS can be used to measure that change. Notice that the capacitance of a coating increases when the area of the coating increases and when the coating thickness decreases. BASICS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2 Figure 1. Sinusoidal Current Response in a Linear System The excitation signal, expressed as a function of time, has the form E t =E 0 sin(ωt) (2) where Et is the potential at time t, E0 is theamplitude
CALCULATOR FOR CONVERTING POTENTIALS TO ANOTHER REFERENCE Convert Potentials to Another Reference Electrode. Enter the recorded voltage in mV and select the reference electrode used to record it. *Calculations derived from "Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications", A J Bard and L R Faulkner, John Wiley & BASICS OF EIS: ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH-IMPEDANCE Basics of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. This tutorial presents an introduction to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) theory and has been kept as free from mathematics and electricaltheory as possible.
TESTING LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES-ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS This application note discusses electrochemical measurements on lithium-ion batteries. Theory and general setup of lithium-ion batteries are explained. Important parameters for characterizing batteries are described. In addition, various experiments on coin cells are performed. They show how to gain information about a battery’s performance ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. POTENTIOSTAT STABILITY: TIPS FOR IMPROVING POTENTIOSTAT This list is not in any particular order. Any or all of these steps may help. Slow down the potentiostat. Gamry potentiostats have several control amplifier speed settings, which can be selected in software. Slower settings are generally more stable. Increase the potentiostat’s I/E stability setting. ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS-GALVANOSTAT/POTENTIOSTATABOUT USSUPPORTRESOURCESCONTACT USCLIENT LOGINSHOP ACCESSORIES Biological Electrochemistry. Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry. Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements. GAMRY REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA The Reference 3000 is a high-current, high-performance potentiostat well suited for researchers studying batteries, fuel cells or supercapacitors. It is also well suited for general physical electrochemistry experiments requiring high voltages and high currents. For very high current applications, the Reference 3000 can be interfaced with our REFERENCE ELECTRODES Aqueous reference electrodes: Saturated Calomel (Hg 2 Cl 2) - The saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is the most popular reference electrode. It has a reputation of being very stable and robust. Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) - The Ag/AgCl reference electrode is simpler in construction than the SCE and it contains no mercury. It is a very stable reference electrode. CALCULATOR FOR CONVERTING POTENTIALS TO ANOTHER REFERENCE Convert Potentials to Another Reference Electrode. Enter the recorded voltage in mV and select the reference electrode used to record it. *Calculations derived from "Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications", A J Bard and L R Faulkner, John Wiley & IR COMPENSATION: POTENTIOSTAT FUNDAMENTALS / BASICS OF EISSEE MORE ONGAMRY.COM
REFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. GAMRY INSTRUMENTS FRAMEWORK DTA FILE TYPEIMPORT DTA FILE STATACONVERT DTA TO CSVHOW TO OPEN DTA FILEOPEN DTA FILE IN EXCELOPEN DTA FILE IN STATASAS IMPORT DTA DATA Gamry Instruments’ .DTA File Type. Our Framework software is the controlling application for all Gamry Instruments potentiostats. When data are stored for later analysis and EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. GAMRY FRAMEWORK SOFTWARE: BASIC EXPLANATION OF OVERLOADS Basic Explanation of Overloads. Posted by gamry on March 3, 2014. During acquisition in the Framework software users will sometimes observe overloads (red or orange data points) indicating that the instrument is in an undesirable state. When an overload occurs one of 5 indicators will switch on, showing a red or orange box at the bottomof the
ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS-GALVANOSTAT/POTENTIOSTATABOUT USSUPPORTRESOURCESCONTACT USCLIENT LOGINSHOP ACCESSORIES Biological Electrochemistry. Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry. Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements. GAMRY REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA The Reference 3000 is a high-current, high-performance potentiostat well suited for researchers studying batteries, fuel cells or supercapacitors. It is also well suited for general physical electrochemistry experiments requiring high voltages and high currents. For very high current applications, the Reference 3000 can be interfaced with our REFERENCE ELECTRODES Aqueous reference electrodes: Saturated Calomel (Hg 2 Cl 2) - The saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is the most popular reference electrode. It has a reputation of being very stable and robust. Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) - The Ag/AgCl reference electrode is simpler in construction than the SCE and it contains no mercury. It is a very stable reference electrode. CALCULATOR FOR CONVERTING POTENTIALS TO ANOTHER REFERENCE Convert Potentials to Another Reference Electrode. Enter the recorded voltage in mV and select the reference electrode used to record it. *Calculations derived from "Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications", A J Bard and L R Faulkner, John Wiley & IR COMPENSATION: POTENTIOSTAT FUNDAMENTALS / BASICS OF EISSEE MORE ONGAMRY.COM
REFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. GAMRY INSTRUMENTS FRAMEWORK DTA FILE TYPEIMPORT DTA FILE STATACONVERT DTA TO CSVHOW TO OPEN DTA FILEOPEN DTA FILE IN EXCELOPEN DTA FILE IN STATASAS IMPORT DTA DATA Gamry Instruments’ .DTA File Type. Our Framework software is the controlling application for all Gamry Instruments potentiostats. When data are stored for later analysis and EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. GAMRY FRAMEWORK SOFTWARE: BASIC EXPLANATION OF OVERLOADS Basic Explanation of Overloads. Posted by gamry on March 3, 2014. During acquisition in the Framework software users will sometimes observe overloads (red or orange data points) indicating that the instrument is in an undesirable state. When an overload occurs one of 5 indicators will switch on, showing a red or orange box at the bottomof the
SOFTWARE UPDATES: LATEST GAMRY SOFTWARE VERSIONS/UPDATES Software Updates. For your convenience, we have created a ‘Client Portal’ for registering your Gamry instrument(s). This feature will enable you to: Keep track of all of your Gamry Instruments. See at a glance what software you are running REFERENCE ELECTRODES Aqueous reference electrodes: Saturated Calomel (Hg 2 Cl 2) - The saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is the most popular reference electrode. It has a reputation of being very stable and robust. Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) - The Ag/AgCl reference electrode is simpler in construction than the SCE and it contains no mercury. It is a very stable reference electrode. GAMRY INSTRUMENTS FRAMEWORK DTA FILE TYPE Gamry Instruments’ .DTA File Type. Our Framework software is the controlling application for all Gamry Instruments potentiostats. When data are stored for later analysis and POUCH CELL HOLDER CONNECT TO GAMRY INSTRUMENTS The Pouch Cell Holder™ allows the researcher to connect a large variety of pouch cells to Gamry Instruments’ potentiostats. High currents, up to 30A, may be passed through the battery holder, without danger of destroying the holder. The Pouch Cell Holder allows four-point measurements, and is usable with all Gamry Instruments potentiostats, including the 30k Booster. REFERENCE 600+ POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT 5 MHZ EIS Essential for the development of protective coatings. Rating: 5.0 Organization: Luna Innovations Application Area: Performance of sol-gel coatings to prevent galvanic and crevice corrosion "The Reference 600 is an essential piece of equipment that helps me to characterize the performance of sol-gel coatings that are designed to prevent general, galvanic, and crevice corrosion. ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. REFERENCE ELECTRODES INFLUENCE ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS Reference Electrodes Introduction. This Application Note presumes that you have a basic understanding of potentiostat operation. If you are not that knowledgeable concerning electrochemical instrumentation, please read Gamry’s Potentiostat Fundamentals before continuing. Experienced potentiostat users may skip the primer and read on. BASICS OF A QUARTZ CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE resonant frequency, f0, and is given by the equation q q f q /2t 0 ρ μ = (1) where μ q is the shear modulus (a ratio of sheer stress to shear strain), ρ q is the density, and t q is the crystal thickness. The amount of energy lost during oscillation at this frequency is at a CHRONOPOTENTIOMETRY PURPOSE Chronopotentiometry Purpose. Chronopotentiometry is used to study mechanism and kinetics of chemical reactions. In this technique, the instrument operates in galvanostatic mode to control current and measure voltage. The applied current can consist of either a single ordouble step.
CHRONOAMPEROMETRY/CV TECHNIQUES INTERFACE 5000E POTENTIOSTAT Interface 5000E Potentiostat. The Interface 5000E potentiostat is designed for cell-level testing of various energy storage and conversion devices and includes capabilities for monitoring both half cell voltages in addition to the whole cell voltage during anexperiment.
ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS-GALVANOSTAT/POTENTIOSTATABOUT USSUPPORTRESOURCESCONTACT USCLIENT LOGINSHOP ACCESSORIES Biological Electrochemistry. Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry. Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements. GAMRY REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA The Reference 3000 is a high-current, high-performance potentiostat well suited for researchers studying batteries, fuel cells or supercapacitors. It is also well suited for general physical electrochemistry experiments requiring high voltages and high currents. For very high current applications, the Reference 3000 can be interfaced with our REFERENCE ELECTRODES Aqueous reference electrodes: Saturated Calomel (Hg 2 Cl 2) - The saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is the most popular reference electrode. It has a reputation of being very stable and robust. Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) - The Ag/AgCl reference electrode is simpler in construction than the SCE and it contains no mercury. It is a very stable reference electrode. CALCULATOR FOR CONVERTING POTENTIALS TO ANOTHER REFERENCE Convert Potentials to Another Reference Electrode. Enter the recorded voltage in mV and select the reference electrode used to record it. *Calculations derived from "Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications", A J Bard and L R Faulkner, John Wiley & IR COMPENSATION: POTENTIOSTAT FUNDAMENTALS / BASICS OF EISSEE MORE ONGAMRY.COM
REFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. GAMRY INSTRUMENTS FRAMEWORK DTA FILE TYPEIMPORT DTA FILE STATACONVERT DTA TO CSVHOW TO OPEN DTA FILEOPEN DTA FILE IN EXCELOPEN DTA FILE IN STATASAS IMPORT DTA DATA Gamry Instruments’ .DTA File Type. Our Framework software is the controlling application for all Gamry Instruments potentiostats. When data are stored for later analysis and EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. GAMRY FRAMEWORK SOFTWARE: BASIC EXPLANATION OF OVERLOADS Basic Explanation of Overloads. Posted by gamry on March 3, 2014. During acquisition in the Framework software users will sometimes observe overloads (red or orange data points) indicating that the instrument is in an undesirable state. When an overload occurs one of 5 indicators will switch on, showing a red or orange box at the bottomof the
ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS-GALVANOSTAT/POTENTIOSTATABOUT USSUPPORTRESOURCESCONTACT USCLIENT LOGINSHOP ACCESSORIES Biological Electrochemistry. Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry. Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements. GAMRY REFERENCE 3000 POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT/ZRA The Reference 3000 is a high-current, high-performance potentiostat well suited for researchers studying batteries, fuel cells or supercapacitors. It is also well suited for general physical electrochemistry experiments requiring high voltages and high currents. For very high current applications, the Reference 3000 can be interfaced with our REFERENCE ELECTRODES Aqueous reference electrodes: Saturated Calomel (Hg 2 Cl 2) - The saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is the most popular reference electrode. It has a reputation of being very stable and robust. Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) - The Ag/AgCl reference electrode is simpler in construction than the SCE and it contains no mercury. It is a very stable reference electrode. CALCULATOR FOR CONVERTING POTENTIALS TO ANOTHER REFERENCE Convert Potentials to Another Reference Electrode. Enter the recorded voltage in mV and select the reference electrode used to record it. *Calculations derived from "Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications", A J Bard and L R Faulkner, John Wiley & IR COMPENSATION: POTENTIOSTAT FUNDAMENTALS / BASICS OF EISSEE MORE ONGAMRY.COM
REFERENCE 600
Below are additional details regarding the capabilities of the Reference 600 potentiostat. Each bullet point contains a list of the type of techniques available for the instrument to run. GAMRY INSTRUMENTS FRAMEWORK DTA FILE TYPEIMPORT DTA FILE STATACONVERT DTA TO CSVHOW TO OPEN DTA FILEOPEN DTA FILE IN EXCELOPEN DTA FILE IN STATASAS IMPORT DTA DATA Gamry Instruments’ .DTA File Type. Our Framework software is the controlling application for all Gamry Instruments potentiostats. When data are stored for later analysis and EIS: CORROSION & COATINGS EIS of Corrosion and Coatings • Impedance from a tens of Ωto over several GΩ • EIS of general corrosion looks to measure Rp • Corrosion events like pitting/passivation can be identified with EIS, ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. GAMRY FRAMEWORK SOFTWARE: BASIC EXPLANATION OF OVERLOADS Basic Explanation of Overloads. Posted by gamry on March 3, 2014. During acquisition in the Framework software users will sometimes observe overloads (red or orange data points) indicating that the instrument is in an undesirable state. When an overload occurs one of 5 indicators will switch on, showing a red or orange box at the bottomof the
SOFTWARE UPDATES: LATEST GAMRY SOFTWARE VERSIONS/UPDATES Software Updates. For your convenience, we have created a ‘Client Portal’ for registering your Gamry instrument(s). This feature will enable you to: Keep track of all of your Gamry Instruments. See at a glance what software you are running REFERENCE ELECTRODES Aqueous reference electrodes: Saturated Calomel (Hg 2 Cl 2) - The saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is the most popular reference electrode. It has a reputation of being very stable and robust. Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) - The Ag/AgCl reference electrode is simpler in construction than the SCE and it contains no mercury. It is a very stable reference electrode. GAMRY INSTRUMENTS FRAMEWORK DTA FILE TYPE Gamry Instruments’ .DTA File Type. Our Framework software is the controlling application for all Gamry Instruments potentiostats. When data are stored for later analysis and POUCH CELL HOLDER CONNECT TO GAMRY INSTRUMENTS The Pouch Cell Holder™ allows the researcher to connect a large variety of pouch cells to Gamry Instruments’ potentiostats. High currents, up to 30A, may be passed through the battery holder, without danger of destroying the holder. The Pouch Cell Holder allows four-point measurements, and is usable with all Gamry Instruments potentiostats, including the 30k Booster. REFERENCE 600+ POTENTIOSTAT/GALVANOSTAT 5 MHZ EIS Essential for the development of protective coatings. Rating: 5.0 Organization: Luna Innovations Application Area: Performance of sol-gel coatings to prevent galvanic and crevice corrosion "The Reference 600 is an essential piece of equipment that helps me to characterize the performance of sol-gel coatings that are designed to prevent general, galvanic, and crevice corrosion. ELECTROLYTE RESISTANCE Electrolyte Resistance. Solution resistance is often a significant factor in the impedance of an electrochemical cell. A modern three-electrode potentiostat compensates for the solution resistance between the counter and reference electrodes. However, any solution resistance between the reference electrode and the working electrode must be considered when you model your cell. REFERENCE ELECTRODES INFLUENCE ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS Reference Electrodes Introduction. This Application Note presumes that you have a basic understanding of potentiostat operation. If you are not that knowledgeable concerning electrochemical instrumentation, please read Gamry’s Potentiostat Fundamentals before continuing. Experienced potentiostat users may skip the primer and read on. BASICS OF A QUARTZ CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE resonant frequency, f0, and is given by the equation q q f q /2t 0 ρ μ = (1) where μ q is the shear modulus (a ratio of sheer stress to shear strain), ρ q is the density, and t q is the crystal thickness. The amount of energy lost during oscillation at this frequency is at a CHRONOPOTENTIOMETRY PURPOSE Chronopotentiometry Purpose. Chronopotentiometry is used to study mechanism and kinetics of chemical reactions. In this technique, the instrument operates in galvanostatic mode to control current and measure voltage. The applied current can consist of either a single ordouble step.
CHRONOAMPEROMETRY/CV TECHNIQUES INTERFACE 5000E POTENTIOSTAT Interface 5000E Potentiostat. The Interface 5000E potentiostat is designed for cell-level testing of various energy storage and conversion devices and includes capabilities for monitoring both half cell voltages in addition to the whole cell voltage during anexperiment.
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* Spectro & Photo Electrochemistry * Dye Solar Cell Testing _THE MARKET LEADER IN _ ELECTROCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTATION _HIGHER ACCURACY_ AS DEMONSTRATED BY ACCURACY CONTOUR PLOTS. The Accuracy Contour Plot gives you valuable information about a potentiostat’s EIS performance and accuracy. It allows you to compare the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy capability of anypotentiostat.
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RAPID, HIGH-CURRENT PULSING SUPERIOR, LOW-IMPEDANCE EIS REFERENCE 30K BOOSTER _QUARTZ CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE_WITH DISSIPATION
Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCMD) gives you new insight into surface processes. Not only do you get frequency at multiple overtones with the QCM-I products but you also get dissipation at each of those overtones.Learn More
_OPEN-SOURCE SCRIPTING_ FOR EASY CUSTOMIZATION, SUPPORTING UNIQUE EXPERIMENTS AND SET UPS. Gamry Instruments has long given you the ability to modify your standard experiments as needed, or even develop your own experiments. All of our experimental scripts are written using an open-source scripting language, developed by Gamry, called Explain™.Learn More
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MAKE IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS ON UP TO EIGHT BATTERIES The EIS Box is a multiplexed eight channel instrument designed for impedance measurements on batteries (or other devices such as supercapacitors or fuel cells) and is typically used in conjunction with a battery cycler. Get the SpecificationsSign In
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CORROSION
Gamry has been at the forefront of electrochemical corrosion testing since our inception in 1989. Our customers have told us that ease of use and reduced acquisition time are the most important features fortheir research.
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Gamry’s potentiostats are well suited for battery testing of materials to coin cells and all the way to large format cells. We even have a system for stack testing. All of our potentisotats are electrically isolated from earth-ground.*
BIOLOGICAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY Gamry provides a suite of flexible electrochemical tools to generate new potential waveforms needed for cutting edge biological applications. From electrical stimulation of whole cells and tissue to bioelectrochemistry, Gamry enables next gen researchers to make accurate electrochemical measurements.*
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Photovoltaic researchers looking for a complete solution will find Gamry's IMPS/IMVS quite capable of helping the researcher find theanswers they need.
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Gamry provides several systems for fuel cell development and testing. We also include tools designed to improve data analysis and workup.*
SUPERCAPACITORS
Testing for supercapacitors is very similar to testing of batteries, just on a faster time scale. We have a number of recommended setups for the supercapacitor researcher.*
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Our paints and coatings customers have told us that ease of use and reduced acquisition time are the most important features for theirresearch.
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Most sensors are amperometric or impedimetric. Gamry makes it easy for researchers to generate and analyze data from either of these sensors.*
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Our software toolkits let OEMs take control of our instruments from their own software providing a seamless interface for dataacquisition.
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