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DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Defense Mechanisms. In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Criticism of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory. One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. A similar criticism is that theminds
HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Humanistic Evaluation of Personality. One way that humanistic psychologists assess personality is that they give people questionnaires that ask them to describes themselves ideally and realistically. The personal self-concept of that person is viewed as more positive and optimistic overall if both descriptions are very close to each other.PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages according to freud. Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage in which conflicts were unresolved. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES Another criticism is that these theories are naïve and fail to understand human capacity for evil. For example, in the face of terrorism, humanistic theories may deny this threat or fall into despair. By denying the threat, these theories support that people in general are good and will not do bad. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. It is everything of which we are aware. The preconscious is just under the water. It is composed of our memories, stored knowledge, fears, and doubts. We are not consciously aware of the preconscious, but we can pull informationfrom it
DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Defense Mechanisms. In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Criticism of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory. One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. A similar criticism is that theminds
HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Humanistic Evaluation of Personality. One way that humanistic psychologists assess personality is that they give people questionnaires that ask them to describes themselves ideally and realistically. The personal self-concept of that person is viewed as more positive and optimistic overall if both descriptions are very close to each other.PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages according to freud. Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage in which conflicts were unresolved. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES Another criticism is that these theories are naïve and fail to understand human capacity for evil. For example, in the face of terrorism, humanistic theories may deny this threat or fall into despair. By denying the threat, these theories support that people in general are good and will not do bad. THEORIES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Adler believed that infants and young children are helpless and dependent upon others. This situation produces deep feelings of weakness, inadequacy, and incompetence that Adler called an PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things ESSENCE OF TRAIT THEORY AND CRITICISMS Trait Theory and its criticisms. The Trait Theory states that personalities are made up of distinct characteristics and qualities. These characteristics partially influence behavior. Cardinal: these traits are dominant over a person's entire life to the point to where they define who the person is. Examples Christ-like, Freudian, and DonJuan.
MASLOW - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization" PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part ARCHETYPES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS The self is the archetype that symbolizes the unity of the consciousness and unconsciousness in an individual. Individualization is the process by which the self is created; in Individualization, various aspects of personality are integrated to form the self. Jungused a
SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Self-actualization was a motivation or drive to achieve one's potential and achieve what one was capable of. Maslow saw several traits in people that he saw as self-actualized. He said that they were problem-centered instead of self-centered and would focus on a problem until they could solve it. Also, they were self-aware, caring,and had deep
HORNEY - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Neo-Freudian; offered feminist critique of Freud's theory PROJECTIVE PERSONALITY TESTS A projective personality test is a personality test in which ambiguous words, scenes, or images are presented to an individual and the individual provides responses to these scenes. Projective personality tests were a product of psychoanalytic psychology, which suggested that people’s conscious actions are driven by their unconsciousthoughts
MASLOW IN HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE Maslow's hierarchy of needs fits into the humanistic perspective because the humanistic perspective focuses on the personalities and development of healthy people who strive to achieve potential. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Defense Mechanisms. In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. It is everything of which we are aware. The preconscious is just under the water. It is composed of our memories, stored knowledge, fears, and doubts. We are not consciously aware of the preconscious, but we can pull informationfrom it
PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Criticism of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory. One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. A similar criticism is that theminds
HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Humanistic Evaluation of Personality. One way that humanistic psychologists assess personality is that they give people questionnaires that ask them to describes themselves ideally and realistically. The personal self-concept of that person is viewed as more positive and optimistic overall if both descriptions are very close to each other. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that partSELF-ACTUALIZATION
Self-actualization was a motivation or drive to achieve one's potential and achieve what one was capable of. Maslow saw several traits in people that he saw as self-actualized. He said that they were problem-centered instead of self-centered and would focus on a problem until they could solve it. Also, they were self-aware, caring,and had deep
CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES Another criticism is that these theories are naïve and fail to understand human capacity for evil. For example, in the face of terrorism, humanistic theories may deny this threat or fall into despair. By denying the threat, these theories support that people in general are good and will not do bad. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Defense Mechanisms. In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. It is everything of which we are aware. The preconscious is just under the water. It is composed of our memories, stored knowledge, fears, and doubts. We are not consciously aware of the preconscious, but we can pull informationfrom it
PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Criticism of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory. One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. A similar criticism is that theminds
HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Humanistic Evaluation of Personality. One way that humanistic psychologists assess personality is that they give people questionnaires that ask them to describes themselves ideally and realistically. The personal self-concept of that person is viewed as more positive and optimistic overall if both descriptions are very close to each other. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that partSELF-ACTUALIZATION
Self-actualization was a motivation or drive to achieve one's potential and achieve what one was capable of. Maslow saw several traits in people that he saw as self-actualized. He said that they were problem-centered instead of self-centered and would focus on a problem until they could solve it. Also, they were self-aware, caring,and had deep
CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES Another criticism is that these theories are naïve and fail to understand human capacity for evil. For example, in the face of terrorism, humanistic theories may deny this threat or fall into despair. By denying the threat, these theories support that people in general are good and will not do bad. THEORIES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Adler believed that infants and young children are helpless and dependent upon others. This situation produces deep feelings of weakness, inadequacy, and incompetence that Adler called an PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things ARCHETYPES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS The self is the archetype that symbolizes the unity of the consciousness and unconsciousness in an individual. Individualization is the process by which the self is created; in Individualization, various aspects of personality are integrated to form the self. Jungused a
PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part MASLOW - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization"SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Self-actualization was a motivation or drive to achieve one's potential and achieve what one was capable of. Maslow saw several traits in people that he saw as self-actualized. He said that they were problem-centered instead of self-centered and would focus on a problem until they could solve it. Also, they were self-aware, caring,and had deep
PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages according to freud. Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage in which conflicts were unresolved. ROGERS - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Developed "client-centered" therapy NEEDS FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION Rogers is another humanistic psychologist for said that all people have the ability to grow and fulfill themselves. However, to foster this growth, certain environmental conditions are needed. These MASLOW IN HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE Maslow's hierarchy of needs fits into the humanistic perspective because the humanistic perspective focuses on the personalities and development of healthy people who strive to achieve potential. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.DEFENSE MECHANISMS
In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY An iceberg model is often used to describe Freud's understanding of the mind. The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Many different psychologists have differing views on the humanistic perspective and its validity. For the most part, the general public agrees with the humanistic approach and the importance of self-esteem, happiness, and success. PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Scientists use personality inventories to assess an individual's personality traits. Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors.SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Maslow was a humanistic psychologist when the branch of psychology had just begun gaining movement. He proposed a theory called the hierarchy of needs that stated that people would attempt to gain certain life conditions near the base of his 'pyramid' CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES These theories are too subjective and vague. In terms of Maslow's description of self-actualization in which individuals at this level are open, loving, spontaneous, and productive, these characteristics could be just reflections of his own values and morals. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.DEFENSE MECHANISMS
In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY An iceberg model is often used to describe Freud's understanding of the mind. The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Many different psychologists have differing views on the humanistic perspective and its validity. For the most part, the general public agrees with the humanistic approach and the importance of self-esteem, happiness, and success. PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Scientists use personality inventories to assess an individual's personality traits. Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors.SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Maslow was a humanistic psychologist when the branch of psychology had just begun gaining movement. He proposed a theory called the hierarchy of needs that stated that people would attempt to gain certain life conditions near the base of his 'pyramid' CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES These theories are too subjective and vague. In terms of Maslow's description of self-actualization in which individuals at this level are open, loving, spontaneous, and productive, these characteristics could be just reflections of his own values and morals. THEORIES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Adler believed that infants and young children are helpless and dependent upon others. This situation produces deep feelings of weakness, inadequacy, and incompetence that Adler called an PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Scientists use personality inventories to assess an individual's personality traits. Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. ARCHETYPES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS The anima is a feminine image in the male psyche and the animus is a male image in the female psyche. These archetypes symbolize a ‘true self, different from the image we want others to see, and it serves as our own primary source of communication with our collectiveunconscious.
PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part MASLOW - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization"SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Maslow was a humanistic psychologist when the branch of psychology had just begun gaining movement. He proposed a theory called the hierarchy of needs that stated that people would attempt to gain certain life conditions near the base of his 'pyramid'PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking ROGERS - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Developed "client-centered" therapy MASLOW IN HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE Maslow's hierarchy of needs fits into the humanistic perspective because the humanistic perspective focuses on the personalities and development of healthy people who strive to achieve potential. NEEDS FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION Rogers is another humanistic psychologist for said that all people have the ability to grow and fulfill themselves. However, to foster this growth, certain environmental conditions are needed. These GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. It is everything of which we are aware. The preconscious is just under the water. It is composed of our memories, stored knowledge, fears, and doubts. We are not consciously aware of the preconscious, but we can pull informationfrom it
DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Defense Mechanisms. In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Criticism of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory. One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. A similar criticism is that theminds
HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Humanistic Evaluation of Personality. One way that humanistic psychologists assess personality is that they give people questionnaires that ask them to describes themselves ideally and realistically. The personal self-concept of that person is viewed as more positive and optimistic overall if both descriptions are very close to each other. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that partPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages according to freud. Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage in which conflicts were unresolved. CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES Another criticism is that these theories are naïve and fail to understand human capacity for evil. For example, in the face of terrorism, humanistic theories may deny this threat or fall into despair. By denying the threat, these theories support that people in general are good and will not do bad. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. It is everything of which we are aware. The preconscious is just under the water. It is composed of our memories, stored knowledge, fears, and doubts. We are not consciously aware of the preconscious, but we can pull informationfrom it
DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Defense Mechanisms. In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Criticism of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory. One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. A similar criticism is that theminds
HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Humanistic Evaluation of Personality. One way that humanistic psychologists assess personality is that they give people questionnaires that ask them to describes themselves ideally and realistically. The personal self-concept of that person is viewed as more positive and optimistic overall if both descriptions are very close to each other. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that partPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages according to freud. Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage in which conflicts were unresolved. CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES Another criticism is that these theories are naïve and fail to understand human capacity for evil. For example, in the face of terrorism, humanistic theories may deny this threat or fall into despair. By denying the threat, these theories support that people in general are good and will not do bad. THEORIES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Adler believed that infants and young children are helpless and dependent upon others. This situation produces deep feelings of weakness, inadequacy, and incompetence that Adler called an PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. Common traits and behaviors include things PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part ARCHETYPES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS The self is the archetype that symbolizes the unity of the consciousness and unconsciousness in an individual. Individualization is the process by which the self is created; in Individualization, various aspects of personality are integrated to form the self. Jungused a
ESSENCE OF TRAIT THEORY AND CRITICISMS Trait Theory and its criticisms. The Trait Theory states that personalities are made up of distinct characteristics and qualities. These characteristics partially influence behavior. Cardinal: these traits are dominant over a person's entire life to the point to where they define who the person is. Examples Christ-like, Freudian, and DonJuan.
MASLOW - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization"SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Self-actualization was a motivation or drive to achieve one's potential and achieve what one was capable of. Maslow saw several traits in people that he saw as self-actualized. He said that they were problem-centered instead of self-centered and would focus on a problem until they could solve it. Also, they were self-aware, caring,and had deep
PROJECTIVE PERSONALITY TESTS A projective personality test is a personality test in which ambiguous words, scenes, or images are presented to an individual and the individual provides responses to these scenes. Projective personality tests were a product of psychoanalytic psychology, which suggested that people’s conscious actions are driven by their unconsciousthoughts
ROGERS - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Developed "client-centered" therapy MASLOW IN HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE Maslow's hierarchy of needs fits into the humanistic perspective because the humanistic perspective focuses on the personalities and development of healthy people who strive to achieve potential. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.DEFENSE MECHANISMS
In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Many different psychologists have differing views on the humanistic perspective and its validity. For the most part, the general public agrees with the humanistic approach and the importance of self-esteem, happiness, and success.SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Maslow was a humanistic psychologist when the branch of psychology had just begun gaining movement. He proposed a theory called the hierarchy of needs that stated that people would attempt to gain certain life conditions near the base of his 'pyramid' PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Scientists use personality inventories to assess an individual's personality traits. Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors.PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES These theories are too subjective and vague. In terms of Maslow's description of self-actualization in which individuals at this level are open, loving, spontaneous, and productive, these characteristics could be just reflections of his own values and morals. GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.DEFENSE MECHANISMS
In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is defined as an inner state that is extremely unpleasant that acts as a signal to the ego that there are issues occurring. SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ITS CRITICISMS The Social-Cognitive Perspective states that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits and thinking and also their social environment and context. This perspective was proposed by Bandura after his famous Bo-Bo doll experiments. On the social side, we tend to watch others and their behaviors and then model our behavior after theirs. HUMANISTIC EVALUATION OF PERSONALITY Many different psychologists have differing views on the humanistic perspective and its validity. For the most part, the general public agrees with the humanistic approach and the importance of self-esteem, happiness, and success.SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Maslow was a humanistic psychologist when the branch of psychology had just begun gaining movement. He proposed a theory called the hierarchy of needs that stated that people would attempt to gain certain life conditions near the base of his 'pyramid' PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Scientists use personality inventories to assess an individual's personality traits. Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors.PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Psychosexual stages are the childhood stages of development during which the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. Fixation is a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking CRITICISMS OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY One of the largest criticisms of the psychoanalytic theory is that it places far to much emphasis on childhood. For one, Freud's theory says that personality development occurs during childhood, but many modern psychologists say that this development is lifelong. PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part CRITICISMS OF HUMANISTIC THEORIES These theories are too subjective and vague. In terms of Maslow's description of self-actualization in which individuals at this level are open, loving, spontaneous, and productive, these characteristics could be just reflections of his own values and morals. THEORIES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Adler believed that infants and young children are helpless and dependent upon others. This situation produces deep feelings of weakness, inadequacy, and incompetence that Adler called an PERSONALITY INVENTORIES AND THE MMPI Scientists use personality inventories to assess an individual's personality traits. Personality inventories are questionnaires, often with true-false or agree-disagree questions, on which people answer the items truthfully. These questions are designed in a way that gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors. STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PERSONALITY An iceberg model is often used to describe Freud's understanding of the mind. The conscious is the tip of the iceberg, barely above water. It is composed of our thoughts and perceptions. It is PERSONAL AND COLLECTIVE UNCONCIOUS According to Jung, the personal unconscious consists of experiences that are unique to each individual. In contrast, the collective unconscious refers to that part MASLOW - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization" ARCHETYPES - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS The anima is a feminine image in the male psyche and the animus is a male image in the female psyche. These archetypes symbolize a ‘true self, different from the image we want others to see, and it serves as our own primary source of communication with our collectiveunconscious.
PROJECTIVE PERSONALITY TESTS A projective personality test is a personality test in which ambiguous words, scenes, or images are presented to an individual and the individual provides responses to these scenes. FREUD - GAVS_APPSYCH_PERSONALITY_JAMES_BALLARD_DAVIS Developed psychoanalysis; considered to be "father of modernpsychiatry"
MASLOW IN HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE Maslow's hierarchy of needs fits into the humanistic perspective because the humanistic perspective focuses on the personalities and development of healthy people who strive to achieve potential. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HORNEY AND FREUD One of the largest differences between Freud and Horney were what they accredited personality formation to. Freud, using his psychoanalytic theory, states that sexual tension is the driving force of personality and that people move through distinct psychosexual stages in which people move through a set of specific pleasure areas called erogenouszones.
GAVS_APpsych_Personality_James_Ballard_Davis* Personality
* Freud
* Structural Model of Personality * Psychosexual Stages * Defense Mechanisms * Projective Personality Tests* Alder
* Theories
* Jung
* Personal and Collective Unconcious* Archetypes
* Criticisms of Humanistic Theories * Essence of Trait Theory and Criticisms * Personality Inventories and the MMPI * Social Cognitive Theory and Its Criticisms* Horney
* Differences between Horney and Freud* Neurotic Trends
* Criticisms of Psychoanalytic Theory* Maslow
* Self-Actualization * Maslow in Humanistic Perspective* Rogers
* Needs for Self-Actualization * Humanistic Evaluation of Personality* Voki
PERSONALITY
Personality is defined as an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.References
Hall, E. (n.d.). Key Terms- Personality. _GAVS.com_. Retrieved April15, 2014, from
http://cms.gavirtualschool.org/Development/Social_Studies/AP_Psychology/AP_Psychology_Softchalk/12_Personality/KeyTermsPersonality.pdf The Myer-Briggs Personality Test Photo. (n.d.). _Lighthouse 8_. Retrieved April 16, 2014, from http://lighthouse8.com/the-myer-briggs-personality-test/ Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Get StartedDetails
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