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June 30, 2014. Brian and the Apocalyptic Jesus Part 3 June 29, 2014. Brian and the Apocalyptic Jesus Part 2 June 28, 2014. Brian and the Apocalyptic Jesus Parts 1 June 27, 2014. Day Two of Jesus and Brian June 25, 2014. Day One of Jesus and Brian June 24, 2014. The Life of Brian Conference June 23, 2014. THE GOSPEL OF MARY MAGDALENE In my undergraduate class on ancient Gospels and modern Jesus films this semester we looked at one of the truly intriguing but little known early Gospels, “The Gospel of Mary.” This second century does not claim to be written by Mary Magdalene, but she is the mainfigure in it
WOMEN APOSTLES IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY It’s an attitude that appears to have run through the family. It is striking that there was a much wider tradition in early Christianity that said that Mary Magdalene was the *first* apostle, the one who made the other apostles. Now THAT is a view you don’t hear every day. To explain it I first have to say something about women apostles THE INVENTION OF HEAVEN AND HELL This cosmic dualism got worked out in a kind of historical scenario, where it was thought that there were two “ages” on earth: the present evil age, controlled by the Devil and his minions, and the future good age, to be controlled by God. At some point in the very near future, God was going to overthrow the forces of evil and bringin a
DID NAZARETH EXIST?
Salm’s basic argument is that Nazareth did exist in more ancient times and through the Bronze Age. But then there was a hiatus. It ceased to exist and did not exist in Jesus’ day. Based on archaeological evidence, especially the tombs found in the area, Salm claims that the town came to be re-inhabited sometime between the twoJewish
ENOCH'S VISION OF THE REALMS OF THE DEAD In discussing the research I’m doing on (human) journeys to the realm(s) of the dead, I have so far mentioned two in particular that occur outside of Christian circles and much earlier: the famous account of Odysseus’s vision of the dead in Homer’s Odyssey book 11 and Aeneas’s journey to the underworld in Virgil’s Aeneid, book 6. These are very similar to one another (since Virgil CHRISTIAN PASTORS WHO HAVE LOST THEIR FAITH It is designed to help clergy and other religious professionals who are either still active or who have left the ministry, who have lost their faith. It’s an amazing project. To join, one does have to have been a religious professional (not just Christian, but in any religion) who now does not hold supernatural beliefs.THE DIDACHE
In the recent exchange that I posted on the blog (dealing with the existence of Q) the document known as the Didache was mentioned – especially by guest contributor Alan Garrow, who thinks that the Didache was a source used by the authors of Matthew and Luke. I think even Alan will agree that this is a highly anomalous view; I don’t know of any other scholar who accepts it (though if FALSE RUMORS (OR LIES?) ABOUT MY TEACHING RESPONSE: I find this comment about me (from the person’s family) to be deeply disturbing and really offensive. It’s not their fault, of course. It’s something that they heard from someone else. But depending on how it originated, it is either a patently false rumor ora
THE BART EHRMAN BLOGLOGINRECENT POSTSFORUMABOUT BLOGABOUT BARTHELP The Bart Ehrman Blog: The History & Literature of Early Christianity is committed to exploring the most interesting and important aspects of the New Testament and early Christianity with readers who are not scholars in the field. No religious affiliation or educational background is required; the blog is open to everyone who isinterested.
MEMBER LANDING PAGE
June 30, 2014. Brian and the Apocalyptic Jesus Part 3 June 29, 2014. Brian and the Apocalyptic Jesus Part 2 June 28, 2014. Brian and the Apocalyptic Jesus Parts 1 June 27, 2014. Day Two of Jesus and Brian June 25, 2014. Day One of Jesus and Brian June 24, 2014. The Life of Brian Conference June 23, 2014. THE GOSPEL OF MARY MAGDALENE In my undergraduate class on ancient Gospels and modern Jesus films this semester we looked at one of the truly intriguing but little known early Gospels, “The Gospel of Mary.” This second century does not claim to be written by Mary Magdalene, but she is the mainfigure in it
WOMEN APOSTLES IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY It’s an attitude that appears to have run through the family. It is striking that there was a much wider tradition in early Christianity that said that Mary Magdalene was the *first* apostle, the one who made the other apostles. Now THAT is a view you don’t hear every day. To explain it I first have to say something about women apostles THE INVENTION OF HEAVEN AND HELL This cosmic dualism got worked out in a kind of historical scenario, where it was thought that there were two “ages” on earth: the present evil age, controlled by the Devil and his minions, and the future good age, to be controlled by God. At some point in the very near future, God was going to overthrow the forces of evil and bringin a
DID NAZARETH EXIST?
Salm’s basic argument is that Nazareth did exist in more ancient times and through the Bronze Age. But then there was a hiatus. It ceased to exist and did not exist in Jesus’ day. Based on archaeological evidence, especially the tombs found in the area, Salm claims that the town came to be re-inhabited sometime between the twoJewish
ENOCH'S VISION OF THE REALMS OF THE DEAD In discussing the research I’m doing on (human) journeys to the realm(s) of the dead, I have so far mentioned two in particular that occur outside of Christian circles and much earlier: the famous account of Odysseus’s vision of the dead in Homer’s Odyssey book 11 and Aeneas’s journey to the underworld in Virgil’s Aeneid, book 6. These are very similar to one another (since Virgil CHRISTIAN PASTORS WHO HAVE LOST THEIR FAITH It is designed to help clergy and other religious professionals who are either still active or who have left the ministry, who have lost their faith. It’s an amazing project. To join, one does have to have been a religious professional (not just Christian, but in any religion) who now does not hold supernatural beliefs.THE DIDACHE
In the recent exchange that I posted on the blog (dealing with the existence of Q) the document known as the Didache was mentioned – especially by guest contributor Alan Garrow, who thinks that the Didache was a source used by the authors of Matthew and Luke. I think even Alan will agree that this is a highly anomalous view; I don’t know of any other scholar who accepts it (though if FALSE RUMORS (OR LIES?) ABOUT MY TEACHING RESPONSE: I find this comment about me (from the person’s family) to be deeply disturbing and really offensive. It’s not their fault, of course. It’s something that they heard from someone else. But depending on how it originated, it is either a patently false rumor ora
THE COMING OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN JOHN: A KEY TO THE I’ve been talking about Jesus’ “Farewell Discourse,” the long five-chapter discourse that is Jesus’ last speech (virtually a monologue) in the Gospel of John. In the previous post we saw that in the speech Jesus discusses how he relates to the Father: he is in the Father and the Father WOMEN APOSTLES IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY It’s an attitude that appears to have run through the family. It is striking that there was a much wider tradition in early Christianity that said that Mary Magdalene was the *first* apostle, the one who made the other apostles. Now THAT is a view you don’t hear every day. To explain it I first have to say something about women apostles EARLY CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE In my earlier posts I started to show the early Christians believed that because they were living at the very end of time. This was an interim period between the time when the resurrection of the dead began with Jesus being raised and was soon to culminate with the general resurrection, in which all who had ever died would be brought back to life to face judgment. CONFUSING MESSAGES ABOUT JESUS AND THE FATHER: JOHN 14 The Gospel of John is extremely important for understanding where the doctrine of the Trinity came from. I should stress: the Trinity does not appear in the Gospel – nowhere does the Gospel say that there are three persons, all distinct from one another, all of them equallyGod, and
PAUL'S INCREDIBLY HIGH CHRISTOLOGY March 2, 2020. I have been trying to explain the unusually important statement about Christ in Paul’s “Christ Poem” in Phil. 2:6-10 . It’s an extremely high Christology. Christ is a divine being before coming into the world; and at his exaltation he was made *equal* with God. Wow. Just 20 years earlier Jesus was a virtually unknown WAS CHRIST AN ANGEL, ACCORDING TO PAUL? I have received a number of comments and questions on last week’s about Paul’s understanding of who Christ was, based especially on the key passage called the “Christ Poem” in Philippians 2:6-11. An intriguing passage! But very puzzling in light of what Paul says elsewhere about Christ, as readers have A RESURRECTION FOR TORTURED JEWS (2 2 Maccabees records the trials, tortures, and horrific executions of an elderly man, Eleazar, of seven brothers, and their mother (all in chs. 6-7). The tortures are described in gruesome detail. Antiochus, for example, uses whips and thongs to force the brothers to eat pork. They refuse, and one of them bravely tells him they would rather die GETTING A PHD IN NEW TESTAMENT STUDIES The answer, in short, is the same as for any academic discipline. It takes years of intense training. My own training in the field of New Testament studies was nothing at all unusual, but rather was fairly typical for someone in the field. What is unusual is that I knew that I wanted to pursue this kind of study already when I was in college. LARRY HURTADO'S CRITIQUE OF HOW JESUS BECAME GOD One of the leading scholars of early “Christology” (i.e., early portrayals/beliefs about Christ) in the English speaking world is Larry Hurtado, emeritus professor of New Testament at the University of Edinburgh. Larry is an established New Testament scholar, with additional expertise in such fields as the Gospel of Mark and JESUS' TWIN BROTHER, THOMAS It is a famous account, in that it is the first to present the well-known legend that the apostle Thomas became a missionary to India. One of the most striking features of the text is that it assumes that this apostle Thomas was Jesus’ brother. The name Thomas, in fact, is an Aramaic equivalent of the Greek word Didymus, which means “twin.”. THE BART EHRMAN BLOGLOGINRECENT POSTSFORUMABOUT BLOGABOUT BARTHELP The Bart Ehrman Blog: The History & Literature of Early Christianity is committed to exploring the most interesting and important aspects of the New Testament and early Christianity with readers who are not scholars in the field. No religious affiliation or educational background is required; the blog is open to everyone who isinterested.
THE HISTORY BEHIND JOHN'S GOSPEL The purpose of the Signs Source, in other words, was missionary. It recorded the miraculous deeds of Jesus precisely in order to convince Jews that Jesus was the messiah. Originally, then, the signs were not designed to show that Jesus was God. They indicated that he was empowered by God as his representative. Jesus was still understood tobe a
THE GOSPEL OF MARY MAGDALENE November 13, 2020. In my undergraduate class on ancient Gospels and modern Jesus films this semester we looked at one of the truly intriguing but little known early Gospels, “The Gospel of Mary.”. This second century does not claim to be written by Mary Magdalene, but she is the main figure in it – the one to whom Jesus gave asecret
THE CHRIST-POEM IN JOHN Arguably the best known and most influential passage dealing with Christology in the New Testament is the Prologue of the Gospel of John, 1:1-18. It is also probably the most studied and discussed passage – even more than the Christ poem in Philippians 2:6-11. The first eighteen verses of HOW VIEWS OF THE AFTERLIFE CHANGED August 14, 2019. I’ve been explaining how the tours to heaven and hell – both of them Near Death Experiences – in the Acts of Thomas are meant to show the Christian alternatives to Greek and Roman views of the afterlife. For early Christians it would not be a dull and boring, powerless and mindless existence for all eternity, as it is DOES PAUL THINK THE END IS COMING SOON? DOES 2 My Response To Conservative Critics. An Interview on the MythVision Podcast June 5, 2021; You Don’t Want To Blaspheme the Spirit! But What’s It Mean? June 3, 2021FOURTH PHILOSOPHY
In addition to the Pharisees and Sadducees, Josephus mentions the “Essenes” and a “Fourth Philosophy.”. Here is a summary of what these groups stood for, again taken from my introductory textbook on the New Testament. (The reason I’m giving this information: it is the background to my discussion of the afterlife in Judaism at thetime
JOSEPHUS | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Josephus’s Clearest Claim about the Burial of Crucified Victims. We come now, at last, to the best argument in Craig Evans’ arsenal, in his attack on the views of Jesus’ burial that I set forth in in How Jesus Became God. Tomorrow I will deal with the second best – an argument from archaeology. Craig makes a somewhat bigger deal of the CHRISTIAN PASTORS WHO HAVE LOST THEIR FAITH It is designed to help clergy and other religious professionals who are either still active or who have left the ministry, who have lost their faith. It’s an amazing project. To join, one does have to have been a religious professional (not just Christian, but in any religion) who now does not hold supernatural beliefs. WAS PAUL A MISOGYNIST? January 18, 2018. Now I can consider whether Paul himself actually wrote 1 Cor 14:34-35 — a passage that tells women they are not allowed to speak in church — or if it was, instead, inserted into his letter by someone else later. It’s an important issue: if Paul did write the passage, and if he also wrote 1 Timothy (widely thoughtto be
THE BART EHRMAN BLOGLOGINRECENT POSTSFORUMABOUT BLOGABOUT BARTHELP The Bart Ehrman Blog: The History & Literature of Early Christianity is committed to exploring the most interesting and important aspects of the New Testament and early Christianity with readers who are not scholars in the field. No religious affiliation or educational background is required; the blog is open to everyone who isinterested.
THE HISTORY BEHIND JOHN'S GOSPEL The purpose of the Signs Source, in other words, was missionary. It recorded the miraculous deeds of Jesus precisely in order to convince Jews that Jesus was the messiah. Originally, then, the signs were not designed to show that Jesus was God. They indicated that he was empowered by God as his representative. Jesus was still understood tobe a
THE GOSPEL OF MARY MAGDALENE In my undergraduate class on ancient Gospels and modern Jesus films this semester we looked at one of the truly intriguing but little known early Gospels, “The Gospel of Mary.” This second century does not claim to be written by Mary Magdalene, but she is the mainfigure in it
THE CHRIST-POEM IN JOHN Arguably the best known and most influential passage dealing with Christology in the New Testament is the Prologue of the Gospel of John, 1:1-18. It is also probably the most studied and discussed passage – even more than the Christ poem in Philippians 2:6-11. The first eighteen verses of HOW VIEWS OF THE AFTERLIFE CHANGED August 14, 2019. I’ve been explaining how the tours to heaven and hell – both of them Near Death Experiences – in the Acts of Thomas are meant to show the Christian alternatives to Greek and Roman views of the afterlife. For early Christians it would not be a dull and boring, powerless and mindless existence for all eternity, as it is ENOCH'S VISION OF THE REALMS OF THE DEAD In discussing the research I’m doing on (human) journeys to the realm(s) of the dead, I have so far mentioned two in particular that occur outside of Christian circles and much earlier: the famous account of Odysseus’s vision of the dead in Homer’s Odyssey book 11 and Aeneas’s journey to the underworld in Virgil’s Aeneid, book 6. These are very similar to one another (since VirgilFOURTH PHILOSOPHY
In addition to the Pharisees and Sadducees, Josephus mentions the “Essenes” and a “Fourth Philosophy.”. Here is a summary of what these groups stood for, again taken from my introductory textbook on the New Testament. (The reason I’m giving this information: it is the background to my discussion of the afterlife in Judaism at thetime
JOSEPHUS | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Josephus’s Clearest Claim about the Burial of Crucified Victims. We come now, at last, to the best argument in Craig Evans’ arsenal, in his attack on the views of Jesus’ burial that I set forth in in How Jesus Became God. Tomorrow I will deal with the second best – an argument from archaeology. Craig makes a somewhat bigger deal of the CHRISTIAN PASTORS WHO HAVE LOST THEIR FAITH It is designed to help clergy and other religious professionals who are either still active or who have left the ministry, who have lost their faith. It’s an amazing project. To join, one does have to have been a religious professional (not just Christian, but in any religion) who now does not hold supernatural beliefs. WAS PAUL A MISOGYNIST? January 18, 2018. Now I can consider whether Paul himself actually wrote 1 Cor 14:34-35 — a passage that tells women they are not allowed to speak in church — or if it was, instead, inserted into his letter by someone else later. It’s an important issue: if Paul did write the passage, and if he also wrote 1 Timothy (widely thoughtto be
THE COMING OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN JOHN: A KEY TO THE I’ve been talking about Jesus’ “Farewell Discourse,” the long five-chapter discourse that is Jesus’ last speech (virtually a monologue) in the Gospel of John. In the previous post we saw that in the speech Jesus discusses how he relates to the Father: he is in the Father and the Father CONFUSING MESSAGES ABOUT JESUS AND THE FATHER: JOHN 14 The Gospel of John is extremely important for understanding where the doctrine of the Trinity came from. I should stress: the Trinity does not appear in the Gospel – nowhere does the Gospel say that there are three persons, all distinct from one another, all of them equallyGod, and
MORE CONSPIRACY NONSENSE Poor Hercules, trying to fight the Hydra. Once he lops off *one* head. So I’ve received several emails over the past couple of days about the breathtaking new announcement to be made on October 19 (assuming the world still is functioning after October 17!) in ENOCH'S VISION OF THE REALMS OF THE DEAD In discussing the research I’m doing on (human) journeys to the realm(s) of the dead, I have so far mentioned two in particular that occur outside of Christian circles and much earlier: the famous account of Odysseus’s vision of the dead in Homer’s Odyssey book 11 and Aeneas’s journey to the underworld in Virgil’s Aeneid, book 6. These are very similar to one another (since Virgil THE PROBLEM WITH LIAR, LUNATIC, OR LORD It is a later view put on his lips by the author of John or his sources. And so there is an easy response to the false conclusion that because Jesus called himself God, he *must* be a liar, a lunatic, or the Lord. The response is that the premise is false. The idea that Jesus called himself God is not historical. It is a Legend. PAUL'S INCREDIBLY HIGH CHRISTOLOGY March 2, 2020. I have been trying to explain the unusually important statement about Christ in Paul’s “Christ Poem” in Phil. 2:6-10 . It’s an extremely high Christology. Christ is a divine being before coming into the world; and at his exaltation he was made *equal* with God. Wow. Just 20 years earlier Jesus was a virtually unknown GETTING A PHD IN NEW TESTAMENT STUDIES The answer, in short, is the same as for any academic discipline. It takes years of intense training. My own training in the field of New Testament studies was nothing at all unusual, but rather was fairly typical for someone in the field. What is unusual is that I knew that I wanted to pursue this kind of study already when I was in college. JESUS' FINAL SPEECH IN JOHN: A LEAD-UP TO THE COMING OF I have very much enjoyed doing this mini-thread on the Holy Spirit in the biblical tradition as part of the larger thread on the question of where the Trinity came from. I’ve never written on this before (the biblical views of the Spirit) or even thought about it systematically,though
WAS RESURRECTION A ZOROASTRIAN IDEA? And every penny goes to help those in need. (a) There was nothing in the Jewish tradition that would lead someone to think that resurrection of the body was a possibility, since Israelites had always held to the idea of an eternal Sheol; (b) Resurrection was, however, part and parcel of ancient Zoroastrian thought, which wasavidly dualistic in
PETER: FIRST BISHOP (POPE) IN ROME? In some circles, Peter is best known as the first bishop of Rome, the first pope. In the period I’m interested in for this book, however, there is little evidence to support this view. On the contrary, several authors indicate that Peter was not the first leader of THE BART EHRMAN BLOGLOGINRECENT POSTSFORUMABOUT BLOGABOUT BARTHELP The Bart Ehrman Blog: The History & Literature of Early Christianity is committed to exploring the most interesting and important aspects of the New Testament and early Christianity with readers who are not scholars in the field. No religious affiliation or educational background is required; the blog is open to everyone who isinterested.
LOGIN | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Since April 2012, this blog has raised over $1,000,000 for charity. You can help too! Any one-time donation to the Bart Ehrman Foundation helps conquer hunger and homelessness. The optional form on the right allows recurring donations! THE HISTORY BEHIND JOHN'S GOSPEL The purpose of the Signs Source, in other words, was missionary. It recorded the miraculous deeds of Jesus precisely in order to convince Jews that Jesus was the messiah. Originally, then, the signs were not designed to show that Jesus was God. They indicated that he was empowered by God as his representative. Jesus was still understood tobe a
HOW VIEWS OF THE AFTERLIFE CHANGED August 14, 2019. I’ve been explaining how the tours to heaven and hell – both of them Near Death Experiences – in the Acts of Thomas are meant to show the Christian alternatives to Greek and Roman views of the afterlife. For early Christians it would not be a dull and boring, powerless and mindless existence for all eternity, as it is THE CHRIST-POEM IN JOHN The Christ-Poem in John. February 22, 2013. Arguably the best known and most influential passage dealing with Christology in the New Testament is the Prologue of the Gospel of John, 1:1-18. It is also probably the most studied and discussed passage – even more than the Christ poem in Philippians 2:6-11. The first eighteen verses of Johnare
FOURTH PHILOSOPHY
In addition to the Pharisees and Sadducees, Josephus mentions the “Essenes” and a “Fourth Philosophy.”. Here is a summary of what these groups stood for, again taken from my introductory textbook on the New Testament. (The reason I’m giving this information: it is the background to my discussion of the afterlife in Judaism at thetime
JOSEPHUS | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Josephus’s Clearest Claim about the Burial of Crucified Victims. We come now, at last, to the best argument in Craig Evans’ arsenal, in his attack on the views of Jesus’ burial that I set forth in in How Jesus Became God. Tomorrow I will deal with the second best – an argument from archaeology. Craig makes a somewhat bigger deal of the WHERE DID THE KING JAMES BIBLE COME FROM? The King James is deservedly considered of the greatest classics ever produced in the English language. There can be no doubt about its enormous influence on English literature and the English language itself. But as a study Bible, it is problematic – in part because of the Greek text (for the NT) that underlies it. CHRISTIAN PASTORS WHO HAVE LOST THEIR FAITH It is designed to help clergy and other religious professionals who are either still active or who have left the ministry, who have lost their faith. It’s an amazing project. To join, one does have to have been a religious professional (not just Christian, but in any religion) who now does not hold supernatural beliefs. WAS PAUL A MISOGYNIST? January 18, 2018. Now I can consider whether Paul himself actually wrote 1 Cor 14:34-35 — a passage that tells women they are not allowed to speak in church — or if it was, instead, inserted into his letter by someone else later. It’s an important issue: if Paul did write the passage, and if he also wrote 1 Timothy (widely thoughtto be
THE BART EHRMAN BLOGLOGINRECENT POSTSFORUMABOUT BLOGABOUT BARTHELP The Bart Ehrman Blog: The History & Literature of Early Christianity is committed to exploring the most interesting and important aspects of the New Testament and early Christianity with readers who are not scholars in the field. No religious affiliation or educational background is required; the blog is open to everyone who isinterested.
LOGIN | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Since April 2012, this blog has raised over $1,000,000 for charity. You can help too! Any one-time donation to the Bart Ehrman Foundation helps conquer hunger and homelessness. The optional form on the right allows recurring donations! THE HISTORY BEHIND JOHN'S GOSPEL The purpose of the Signs Source, in other words, was missionary. It recorded the miraculous deeds of Jesus precisely in order to convince Jews that Jesus was the messiah. Originally, then, the signs were not designed to show that Jesus was God. They indicated that he was empowered by God as his representative. Jesus was still understood tobe a
HOW VIEWS OF THE AFTERLIFE CHANGED August 14, 2019. I’ve been explaining how the tours to heaven and hell – both of them Near Death Experiences – in the Acts of Thomas are meant to show the Christian alternatives to Greek and Roman views of the afterlife. For early Christians it would not be a dull and boring, powerless and mindless existence for all eternity, as it is THE CHRIST-POEM IN JOHN The Christ-Poem in John. February 22, 2013. Arguably the best known and most influential passage dealing with Christology in the New Testament is the Prologue of the Gospel of John, 1:1-18. It is also probably the most studied and discussed passage – even more than the Christ poem in Philippians 2:6-11. The first eighteen verses of Johnare
FOURTH PHILOSOPHY
In addition to the Pharisees and Sadducees, Josephus mentions the “Essenes” and a “Fourth Philosophy.”. Here is a summary of what these groups stood for, again taken from my introductory textbook on the New Testament. (The reason I’m giving this information: it is the background to my discussion of the afterlife in Judaism at thetime
JOSEPHUS | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Josephus’s Clearest Claim about the Burial of Crucified Victims. We come now, at last, to the best argument in Craig Evans’ arsenal, in his attack on the views of Jesus’ burial that I set forth in in How Jesus Became God. Tomorrow I will deal with the second best – an argument from archaeology. Craig makes a somewhat bigger deal of the WHERE DID THE KING JAMES BIBLE COME FROM? The King James is deservedly considered of the greatest classics ever produced in the English language. There can be no doubt about its enormous influence on English literature and the English language itself. But as a study Bible, it is problematic – in part because of the Greek text (for the NT) that underlies it. CHRISTIAN PASTORS WHO HAVE LOST THEIR FAITH It is designed to help clergy and other religious professionals who are either still active or who have left the ministry, who have lost their faith. It’s an amazing project. To join, one does have to have been a religious professional (not just Christian, but in any religion) who now does not hold supernatural beliefs. WAS PAUL A MISOGYNIST? January 18, 2018. Now I can consider whether Paul himself actually wrote 1 Cor 14:34-35 — a passage that tells women they are not allowed to speak in church — or if it was, instead, inserted into his letter by someone else later. It’s an important issue: if Paul did write the passage, and if he also wrote 1 Timothy (widely thoughtto be
LOGIN | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Since April 2012, this blog has raised over $1,000,000 for charity. You can help too! Any one-time donation to the Bart Ehrman Foundation helps conquer hunger and homelessness. The optional form on the right allows recurring donations! CONFUSING MESSAGES ABOUT JESUS AND THE FATHER: JOHN 14 The Gospel of John is extremely important for understanding where the doctrine of the Trinity came from. I should stress: the Trinity does not appear in the Gospel – nowhere does the Gospel say that there are three persons, all distinct from one another, all of them equallyGod, and
WOMEN APOSTLES IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY It’s an attitude that appears to have run through the family. It is striking that there was a much wider tradition in early Christianity that said that Mary Magdalene was the *first* apostle, the one who made the other apostles. Now THAT is a view you don’t hear every day. To explain it I first have to say something about women apostles ENOCH'S VISION OF THE REALMS OF THE DEAD In discussing the research I’m doing on (human) journeys to the realm(s) of the dead, I have so far mentioned two in particular that occur outside of Christian circles and much earlier: the famous account of Odysseus’s vision of the dead in Homer’s Odyssey book 11 and Aeneas’s journey to the underworld in Virgil’s Aeneid, book 6. These are very similar to one another (since Virgil PAUL'S INCREDIBLY HIGH CHRISTOLOGY March 2, 2020. I have been trying to explain the unusually important statement about Christ in Paul’s “Christ Poem” in Phil. 2:6-10 . It’s an extremely high Christology. Christ is a divine being before coming into the world; and at his exaltation he was made *equal* with God. Wow. Just 20 years earlier Jesus was a virtually unknown MORE CONSPIRACY NONSENSE Poor Hercules, trying to fight the Hydra. Once he lops off *one* head. So I’ve received several emails over the past couple of days about the breathtaking new announcement to be made on October 19 (assuming the world still is functioning after October 17!) in YOU DON'T WANT TO BLASPHEME THE SPIRIT! BUT WHAT'S IT MEAN Since I've been posting now on the role of the Holy Spirit in the New Testament, I've been getting a number of questions about what it means to "blaspheme the Holy Spirit." In some cases the question is urgent, from someone who fears she or he has committed the sin.DID NAZARETH EXIST?
Salm’s basic argument is that Nazareth did exist in more ancient times and through the Bronze Age. But then there was a hiatus. It ceased to exist and did not exist in Jesus’ day. Based on archaeological evidence, especially the tombs found in the area, Salm claims that the town came to be re-inhabited sometime between the twoJewish
JESUS' FINAL SPEECH IN JOHN: A LEAD-UP TO THE COMING OF I have very much enjoyed doing this mini-thread on the Holy Spirit in the biblical tradition as part of the larger thread on the question of where the Trinity came from. I’ve never written on this before (the biblical views of the Spirit) or even thought about it systematically,though
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Engaging Discussions about Early Christianity. All Generic filters THE BART EHRMAN BLOGLOGINRECENT POSTSFORUMABOUT BLOGABOUT BARTHELP The Bart Ehrman Blog: The History & Literature of Early Christianity is committed to exploring the most interesting and important aspects of the New Testament and early Christianity with readers who are not scholars in the field. No religious affiliation or educational background is required; the blog is open to everyone who isinterested.
LOGIN | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Since April 2012, this blog has raised over $1,000,000 for charity. You can help too! Any one-time donation to the Bart Ehrman Foundation helps conquer hunger and homelessness. The optional form on the right allows recurring donations! THE HISTORY BEHIND JOHN'S GOSPEL In my previous post I explained that there are different (even divergent) understandings of Jesus in the Gospel of John. I ended, the post by asking the following: How does one explain these thematic differences among the stories of John? Social historians would arguethat
FINDING PROBLEMS IN THE OLD TESTAMENT I have been explaining that while at Princeton Theological Seminary, I started finding that there could be mistakes in the Bible. My first realization of this involved my study of the Gospels, but I was studying the Hebrew Bible as well, and I finally got to the pointwhere I
HOW VIEWS OF THE AFTERLIFE CHANGED I’ve been explaining how the tours to heaven and hell – both of them Near Death Experiences – in the Acts of Thomas are meant to show the Christian alternatives to Greek and Roman views of the afterlife. For early Christians it would not be a dull and boring,powerless
THE INVENTION OF HEAVEN AND HELL QUESTION: If I were to ask the average mainstream Sunday morning Christian why they are a Christian I would probably get an answer (other than to meet friends in church) such as this, “To be saved and go to heaven when I die.” When I look at the obituaries inDID NAZARETH EXIST?
One question I repeatedly get asked is about my opinion on whether the town of Nazareth actually existed. I was puzzled when I started getting emails on this, some years ago now. What I came to realize is that mythicists (i.e., those who think that there never was a man JOSEPHUS | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG In my previous post I began to deal with the first of two arguments that Craig Evans provides from Josephus. Craig wants to argue that Josephus, a first-century Jewish authority, explicitly indicates that Romans allowed Jews to provide decent burials for their dead. WAS RESURRECTION A ZOROASTRIAN IDEA? I have been arguing that at some point before the middle of the second century BCE, Jewish thinkers developed the idea that death was not the end of the story, that people did not simply end up in the netherworld of Sheol for all eternity, a place of no pleasure, DID MATTHEW COPY LUKE OR LUKE MATTHEW? In this thread, which is supposed to be on the lost writings of early Christianity that I would most like to have discovered, I can’t seem to get away from Q, Several readers have asked a pointed question about Q. If you recall, Q is the hypothetical document that contained THE BART EHRMAN BLOGLOGINRECENT POSTSFORUMABOUT BLOGABOUT BARTHELP The Bart Ehrman Blog: The History & Literature of Early Christianity is committed to exploring the most interesting and important aspects of the New Testament and early Christianity with readers who are not scholars in the field. No religious affiliation or educational background is required; the blog is open to everyone who isinterested.
LOGIN | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG Since April 2012, this blog has raised over $1,000,000 for charity. You can help too! Any one-time donation to the Bart Ehrman Foundation helps conquer hunger and homelessness. The optional form on the right allows recurring donations! THE HISTORY BEHIND JOHN'S GOSPEL In my previous post I explained that there are different (even divergent) understandings of Jesus in the Gospel of John. I ended, the post by asking the following: How does one explain these thematic differences among the stories of John? Social historians would arguethat
FINDING PROBLEMS IN THE OLD TESTAMENT I have been explaining that while at Princeton Theological Seminary, I started finding that there could be mistakes in the Bible. My first realization of this involved my study of the Gospels, but I was studying the Hebrew Bible as well, and I finally got to the pointwhere I
HOW VIEWS OF THE AFTERLIFE CHANGED I’ve been explaining how the tours to heaven and hell – both of them Near Death Experiences – in the Acts of Thomas are meant to show the Christian alternatives to Greek and Roman views of the afterlife. For early Christians it would not be a dull and boring,powerless
THE INVENTION OF HEAVEN AND HELL QUESTION: If I were to ask the average mainstream Sunday morning Christian why they are a Christian I would probably get an answer (other than to meet friends in church) such as this, “To be saved and go to heaven when I die.” When I look at the obituaries inDID NAZARETH EXIST?
One question I repeatedly get asked is about my opinion on whether the town of Nazareth actually existed. I was puzzled when I started getting emails on this, some years ago now. What I came to realize is that mythicists (i.e., those who think that there never was a man JOSEPHUS | THE BART EHRMAN BLOG In my previous post I began to deal with the first of two arguments that Craig Evans provides from Josephus. Craig wants to argue that Josephus, a first-century Jewish authority, explicitly indicates that Romans allowed Jews to provide decent burials for their dead. WAS RESURRECTION A ZOROASTRIAN IDEA? I have been arguing that at some point before the middle of the second century BCE, Jewish thinkers developed the idea that death was not the end of the story, that people did not simply end up in the netherworld of Sheol for all eternity, a place of no pleasure, DID MATTHEW COPY LUKE OR LUKE MATTHEW? In this thread, which is supposed to be on the lost writings of early Christianity that I would most like to have discovered, I can’t seem to get away from Q, Several readers have asked a pointed question about Q. If you recall, Q is the hypothetical document that contained YOU DON'T WANT TO BLASPHEME THE SPIRIT! BUT WHAT'S IT MEAN Since I've been posting now on the role of the Holy Spirit in the New Testament, I've been getting a number of questions about what it means to "blaspheme the Holy Spirit." In some cases the question is urgent, from someone who fears she or he has committed the sin. JESUS' FINAL SPEECH IN JOHN: A LEAD-UP TO THE COMING OF I have very much enjoyed doing this mini-thread on the Holy Spirit in the biblical tradition as part of the larger thread on the question of where the Trinity came from. I’ve never written on this before (the biblical views of the Spirit) or even thought about it systematically,though
WHO WROTE THE BOOK OF REVELATION? I've been asked about who wrote the book of Revelation. Here are some musings on it, the first part taken from my textbook on the New Testament. Even though the book of Revelation was finally included in the New Testament canon because Christian leaders came to think it hadbeen
JESUS' CRUCIFIXION AS KING OF THE JEWS One of the main reasons I think Jesus called himself the future messiah is that this best explains the best attested event of his entire life: his crucifixion by the Romans. There are a few things we can say with virtual certainty about Jesus. For example: he was aJewish
THE TWO BOOKS OF JOB In my previous post I mentioned that the book of Job is almost certainly the work of two different authors, with two different views – of Job, of Job’s relation with God, of the reason for Job’s sufferings, of Job’s reaction to suffering, and just about everything else. I’ve been THOMAS, THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS, AND Q A number of readers have asked about Thomas’s relation to the Synoptic Gospels and the famous Q source — that is, the lost source that both Matthew and Luke used for many of their sayings of Jesus not found in Mark (called Q from the German word Quelle, which means“source”).
WHERE DID THE KING JAMES BIBLE COME FROM? What were the King James Bible translators actually translating? You may not have known it from the previous two posts – but that is what I have been getting at, when talking about the first published edition of the Greek New Testament by Erasmus, and the subsequent editions.The King
PETER: FIRST BISHOP (POPE) IN ROME? Today I move on to something else (I’ll get to the after life after more life). Here’s an interesting question I received about Peter: the first bishop of Rome? QUESTION: Is there any historical evidence that the apostle Peter was the first Bishop of Rome and that he was THE BART EHRMAN BLOG vergari said . Chris_Hansen said . vergari said . Chris_Hansen said . James Cockey said . Jesus was a peasant carpenter from rural Nazareth. He quoted the Hebrew scriptures and read from Isaiah in front of a synagogue, indicating he was literate, and furthermore, had access tosacred writings.
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