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NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedNOVEMBER 20, 2020
Open Letter November 20, 2020 declaration on Universal Health Coverage3, as well as any new or modified global policy frameworks that emerges as a result of Covid-19. The Covid-19 pandemic has created a renewed awareness and understanding of the importance of BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Photo: Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).1 Photo: Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).2 By ReAct Funding from Marie-Claire Cronstedts Stiftelse BASIC LECTURE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN FOOD-ANIMAL PRODUCTION common pathogens and rising number of treatment failures. The studies carried out over the last decade in the hospital and community settings indicate that resistance in important ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS: MALAYSIA OVERVIEW Antibiotics use in food-producing animals Animals that are raised and bred to produce food for human consumption such as eggs, meat and milk. Example: Beef cattle, dairy cattle, goat, sheep, deer, ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS THAILAND OVERVIEW 22 JUNE '18 AccidentalDiscoveryof FirstAntibiotic-Penicillin In1928,SirAlexanderFleming wasinvestigating staphylococcus,atypeof bacteriathatcausesboils (infectionofhairfolliclecausing HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedNOVEMBER 20, 2020
Open Letter November 20, 2020 declaration on Universal Health Coverage3, as well as any new or modified global policy frameworks that emerges as a result of Covid-19. The Covid-19 pandemic has created a renewed awareness and understanding of the importance of BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Photo: Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).1 Photo: Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).2 By ReAct Funding from Marie-Claire Cronstedts Stiftelse BASIC LECTURE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN FOOD-ANIMAL PRODUCTION common pathogens and rising number of treatment failures. The studies carried out over the last decade in the hospital and community settings indicate that resistance in important ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS: MALAYSIA OVERVIEW Antibiotics use in food-producing animals Animals that are raised and bred to produce food for human consumption such as eggs, meat and milk. Example: Beef cattle, dairy cattle, goat, sheep, deer, ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS THAILAND OVERVIEW 22 JUNE '18 AccidentalDiscoveryof FirstAntibiotic-Penicillin In1928,SirAlexanderFleming wasinvestigating staphylococcus,atypeof bacteriathatcausesboils (infectionofhairfolliclecausing REACT BRIEFING PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND ANTIBIOTIC 1 ReAct briefing WHA74 Agenda point 17.3: Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response (PPPR) and antibiotic resistance The Covid-19 pandemic has clearly exposed the RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE A complex global challenge. Antibiotic resistance is threatening the world’s sustainable development. Several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will be difficult to achieve without effective antibiotics. COPING THE IGNIFICANCE OF GENDER FOR NTIBIOTIC ESISTANCE 5 . There is a dearth of literature which . explicitly addresses sex, gender and antibiotic resistance. In 2018, the WHO recogni - 7 WAYS PENICILLIN HAS CURED THE WORLD FOR 90 YEARS 1. Pneumonia and other respiratory infections Looking at mortality data from the USA in 1928, respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia and tuberculosis caused 18% of all deaths. Without access to efficient antibiotics, pneumonia is a killer – with efficient antibiotics, community acquired pneumonia is generally cured within a week or two. Similarly tuberculosis has THE ETHICS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE The ethics of antibiotic resistance. 2017-11-28. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics gives rise to new ethical problems. Much of medical ethics prior to antibiotics has been focused on whether a certain procedure is justified, for example with respect to safety, efficacy and costs. But as antibiotic resistance has a global impact thatpersists
EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTION Ethical considerations regarding infection prevention control. 2018-08-30. The prospect of increasing spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria in hospitals and other health care facilities has made taking measures to prevent spread of infection even more important. The ethical implications of such measures are however all too often nottaken
ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS INDIA OVERVIEW 27 MAY '18 AccidentalDiscoveryof FirstAntibiotic-Penicillin In1928,SirAlexanderFleming wasinvestigating staphylococcus,atypeof bacteriathatcausesboils (infectionofhairfolliclecausing MOVING BEYOND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) NATIONAL Action on Antibiotic Resistance (ReAct) Africa Annual Conference 2017 4 the ‘Strategy for the Prevention and Containment of AMR forEthiopia’.
HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedNOVEMBER 20, 2020
Open Letter November 20, 2020 declaration on Universal Health Coverage3, as well as any new or modified global policy frameworks that emerges as a result of Covid-19. The Covid-19 pandemic has created a renewed awareness and understanding of the importance of BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Photo: Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).1 Photo: Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).2 By ReAct Funding from Marie-Claire Cronstedts Stiftelse BASIC LECTURE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN FOOD-ANIMAL PRODUCTION common pathogens and rising number of treatment failures. The studies carried out over the last decade in the hospital and community settings indicate that resistance in important ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS: MALAYSIA OVERVIEW Antibiotics use in food-producing animals Animals that are raised and bred to produce food for human consumption such as eggs, meat and milk. Example: Beef cattle, dairy cattle, goat, sheep, deer, ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS THAILAND OVERVIEW 22 JUNE '18 OrganisationforEconomicCooperation and Deveopment (OECD) estimates that the amount of antimicrobials used in food animals will escalate globally from 63,151 tons in HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedNOVEMBER 20, 2020
Open Letter November 20, 2020 declaration on Universal Health Coverage3, as well as any new or modified global policy frameworks that emerges as a result of Covid-19. The Covid-19 pandemic has created a renewed awareness and understanding of the importance of BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE BACTERIA, ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Photo: Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).1 Photo: Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, NIAID (from flickr).2 By ReAct Funding from Marie-Claire Cronstedts Stiftelse BASIC LECTURE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN FOOD-ANIMAL PRODUCTION common pathogens and rising number of treatment failures. The studies carried out over the last decade in the hospital and community settings indicate that resistance in important ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS: MALAYSIA OVERVIEW Antibiotics use in food-producing animals Animals that are raised and bred to produce food for human consumption such as eggs, meat and milk. Example: Beef cattle, dairy cattle, goat, sheep, deer, ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS THAILAND OVERVIEW 22 JUNE '18 OrganisationforEconomicCooperation and Deveopment (OECD) estimates that the amount of antimicrobials used in food animals will escalate globally from 63,151 tons in REACT BRIEFING PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND ANTIBIOTIC 1 ReAct briefing WHA74 Agenda point 17.3: Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response (PPPR) and antibiotic resistance The Covid-19 pandemic has clearly exposed the RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE A complex global challenge. Antibiotic resistance is threatening the world’s sustainable development. Several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will be difficult to achieve without effective antibiotics. COPING THE IGNIFICANCE OF GENDER FOR NTIBIOTIC ESISTANCE 5 . There is a dearth of literature which . explicitly addresses sex, gender and antibiotic resistance. In 2018, the WHO recogni - 7 WAYS PENICILLIN HAS CURED THE WORLD FOR 90 YEARS 1. Pneumonia and other respiratory infections Looking at mortality data from the USA in 1928, respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia and tuberculosis caused 18% of all deaths. Without access to efficient antibiotics, pneumonia is a killer – with efficient antibiotics, community acquired pneumonia is generally cured within a week or two. Similarly tuberculosis has THE ETHICS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE The ethics of antibiotic resistance. 2017-11-28. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics gives rise to new ethical problems. Much of medical ethics prior to antibiotics has been focused on whether a certain procedure is justified, for example with respect to safety, efficacy and costs. But as antibiotic resistance has a global impact thatpersists
EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTION Ethical considerations regarding infection prevention control. 2018-08-30. The prospect of increasing spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria in hospitals and other health care facilities has made taking measures to prevent spread of infection even more important. The ethical implications of such measures are however all too often nottaken
ANTIBIOTIC USE IN FOOD ANIMALS INDIA OVERVIEW 27 MAY '18 AccidentalDiscoveryof FirstAntibiotic-Penicillin In1928,SirAlexanderFleming wasinvestigating staphylococcus,atypeof bacteriathatcausesboils (infectionofhairfolliclecausing MOVING BEYOND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) NATIONAL Action on Antibiotic Resistance (ReAct) Africa Annual Conference 2017 4 the ‘Strategy for the Prevention and Containment of AMR forEthiopia’.
HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedENGAGE STAKEHOLDERS
INNOVATION OF ANTIBIOTICS Q1. Why are new business models being explored for antibiotics? 1. Higher profits of new antibiotics are needed to incentivise pharmaceutical companies to invest in research and development in this field. 2. Standard business models, which are based on increased profits with higher sales are often considered inappropriate for antibiotics because a high consumption willSUPERINFECTIONS
Superinfections. One reason to avoid taking unnecessary antibiotics is that antibiotic treatment puts you at risk for additional infections - so called superinfections. Such infections are unrelated to the first infection for which the antibiotic was originally taken. Instead it is the antibiotic treatment that makes the second infection ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS Before the discovery of antibiotics, serum from immune individuals was transferred to infected people as a mode of treatment. The procedure was at that time associated with toxic side-effects, although it seemed rather effective. Today, a sophisticated variant of this strategy, known as antibody therapy, is considered a rather promising alternative to antibiotics. However, a SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTIONSEE MORE ONREACTGROUP.ORG
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedENGAGE STAKEHOLDERS
INNOVATION OF ANTIBIOTICS Q1. Why are new business models being explored for antibiotics? 1. Higher profits of new antibiotics are needed to incentivise pharmaceutical companies to invest in research and development in this field. 2. Standard business models, which are based on increased profits with higher sales are often considered inappropriate for antibiotics because a high consumption willSUPERINFECTIONS
Superinfections. One reason to avoid taking unnecessary antibiotics is that antibiotic treatment puts you at risk for additional infections - so called superinfections. Such infections are unrelated to the first infection for which the antibiotic was originally taken. Instead it is the antibiotic treatment that makes the second infection ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS Before the discovery of antibiotics, serum from immune individuals was transferred to infected people as a mode of treatment. The procedure was at that time associated with toxic side-effects, although it seemed rather effective. Today, a sophisticated variant of this strategy, known as antibody therapy, is considered a rather promising alternative to antibiotics. However, a SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTIONSEE MORE ONREACTGROUP.ORG
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
HOME – REACT
The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC Common components are system change, education and training, monitoring and feedback, reminders, and culture change. Health care – Set up a program – Plan an intervention. POLICY: National action plans – Elements of a national action plan – Infection preventionand control. 6.
CAMPAIGN MATERIALS
Campaign material. A mock-up prescription aimed at policy makers to make them support a proposal on more prudent antibiotic use in veterinary medicine. An example of a creative way to raise awareness, initiated by the European Consumer Organisation (BEUC). Report from the Longitude Prize. RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
MUTATIONS AND SELECTION Figure 1. Natural selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The starting point in this example is a large bacterial population mainly consisting of bacteria that are susceptible to antibiotics and a couple of bacteria that are antibiotic-resistant by chance. PLAN – SET UP A CAMPAIGN – REACT Plan. The planning process involves outlining the work that needs to be performed. The first step is to develop aims and objectives. The process also includes determining which strategies to use, what resources are needed, how to measure progress and calculating abudget.
SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
THE MUMBAI MISSION FOR TB CONTROL The Mumbai Mission for TB Control. The Mumbai Mission for TB Control (MMTBC) was formed in response to a growing concern over the spread of TB and increasing incidence of drug-resistant TB in the city . MMTBC has been operational since mid 2014 and brings together civil society actors with local and national authorities to improve TB care EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedENGAGE STAKEHOLDERS
INNOVATION OF ANTIBIOTICS Q1. Why are new business models being explored for antibiotics? 1. Higher profits of new antibiotics are needed to incentivise pharmaceutical companies to invest in research and development in this field. 2. Standard business models, which are based on increased profits with higher sales are often considered inappropriate for antibiotics because a high consumption willSUPERINFECTIONS
Superinfections. One reason to avoid taking unnecessary antibiotics is that antibiotic treatment puts you at risk for additional infections - so called superinfections. Such infections are unrelated to the first infection for which the antibiotic was originally taken. Instead it is the antibiotic treatment that makes the second infection ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS Before the discovery of antibiotics, serum from immune individuals was transferred to infected people as a mode of treatment. The procedure was at that time associated with toxic side-effects, although it seemed rather effective. Today, a sophisticated variant of this strategy, known as antibody therapy, is considered a rather promising alternative to antibiotics. However, a SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTIONSEE MORE ON REACTGROUP.ORGETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PDFETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HEALTH CAREETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PPTETHICAL CONSIDERATION IN RESEARCHETHICAL CONSIDERATION WHEN DOING ARESEARC…
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedENGAGE STAKEHOLDERS
INNOVATION OF ANTIBIOTICS Q1. Why are new business models being explored for antibiotics? 1. Higher profits of new antibiotics are needed to incentivise pharmaceutical companies to invest in research and development in this field. 2. Standard business models, which are based on increased profits with higher sales are often considered inappropriate for antibiotics because a high consumption willSUPERINFECTIONS
Superinfections. One reason to avoid taking unnecessary antibiotics is that antibiotic treatment puts you at risk for additional infections - so called superinfections. Such infections are unrelated to the first infection for which the antibiotic was originally taken. Instead it is the antibiotic treatment that makes the second infection ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS Before the discovery of antibiotics, serum from immune individuals was transferred to infected people as a mode of treatment. The procedure was at that time associated with toxic side-effects, although it seemed rather effective. Today, a sophisticated variant of this strategy, known as antibody therapy, is considered a rather promising alternative to antibiotics. However, a SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTIONSEE MORE ON REACTGROUP.ORGETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PDFETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HEALTH CAREETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PPTETHICAL CONSIDERATION IN RESEARCHETHICAL CONSIDERATION WHEN DOING ARESEARC…
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
HOME – REACT
The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC Common components are system change, education and training, monitoring and feedback, reminders, and culture change. Health care – Set up a program – Plan an intervention. POLICY: National action plans – Elements of a national action plan – Infection preventionand control. 6.
CAMPAIGN MATERIALS
Campaign material. A mock-up prescription aimed at policy makers to make them support a proposal on more prudent antibiotic use in veterinary medicine. An example of a creative way to raise awareness, initiated by the European Consumer Organisation (BEUC). Report from the Longitude Prize. RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
MUTATIONS AND SELECTION Figure 1. Natural selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The starting point in this example is a large bacterial population mainly consisting of bacteria that are susceptible to antibiotics and a couple of bacteria that are antibiotic-resistant by chance. PLAN – SET UP A CAMPAIGN – REACT Plan. The planning process involves outlining the work that needs to be performed. The first step is to develop aims and objectives. The process also includes determining which strategies to use, what resources are needed, how to measure progress and calculating abudget.
SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
THE MUMBAI MISSION FOR TB CONTROL The Mumbai Mission for TB Control. The Mumbai Mission for TB Control (MMTBC) was formed in response to a growing concern over the spread of TB and increasing incidence of drug-resistant TB in the city . MMTBC has been operational since mid 2014 and brings together civil society actors with local and national authorities to improve TB care EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reachedENGAGE STAKEHOLDERS
INNOVATION OF ANTIBIOTICS Q1. Why are new business models being explored for antibiotics? 1. Higher profits of new antibiotics are needed to incentivise pharmaceutical companies to invest in research and development in this field. 2. Standard business models, which are based on increased profits with higher sales are often considered inappropriate for antibiotics because a high consumption willSUPERINFECTIONS
Superinfections. One reason to avoid taking unnecessary antibiotics is that antibiotic treatment puts you at risk for additional infections - so called superinfections. Such infections are unrelated to the first infection for which the antibiotic was originally taken. Instead it is the antibiotic treatment that makes the second infection ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS Before the discovery of antibiotics, serum from immune individuals was transferred to infected people as a mode of treatment. The procedure was at that time associated with toxic side-effects, although it seemed rather effective. Today, a sophisticated variant of this strategy, known as antibody therapy, is considered a rather promising alternative to antibiotics. However, a SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTIONSEE MORE ON REACTGROUP.ORGETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PDFETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HEALTH CAREETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PPTETHICAL CONSIDERATION IN RESEARCHETHICAL CONSIDERATION WHEN DOING ARESEARC…
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
HOME – REACTANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCETOOLBOXNEWS & VIEWSABOUT USCONTACTTRANSLATE FUNCTION ReAct - Action on Antibiotic Resistance. ReAct is an independent network dedicated to the problem of antibiotic resistance. ReAct is a global catalyst, advocating and stimulating for global engagement on antibiotic resistance through a broad range of collaborations. NEW REACT POLICY BRIEF: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND Managing antibiotic resistance will be critical to achieve universal health coverage Effective antibiotics are critically important cornerstones for a health system. Antimicrobial resistance would therefore seriously jeopardize the achievement of universal health coverage as: Without sustainable and effective treatment of infections, good quality health care for all will not be reached CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPCSUPERINFECTIONS
Resource: Description: The human microbiome and what we do to it : Video that describes the role of the bacteria normally living in our bodies and the negative consequences antibiotic treatment can have (5 min).: Rapid risk assessment: Candida auris in healthcare settings – Europe Document. Example of a risk assessment: The yeast Candida auris was first described in 2009 and has since thenREACT AFRICA
ENGAGE STAKEHOLDERS
ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS Before the discovery of antibiotics, serum from immune individuals was transferred to infected people as a mode of treatment. The procedure was at that time associated with toxic side-effects, although it seemed rather effective. Today, a sophisticated variant of this strategy, known as antibody therapy, is considered a rather promising alternative to antibiotics. However, a SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTIONSEE MORE ON REACTGROUP.ORGETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PDFETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HEALTH CAREETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH PPTETHICAL CONSIDERATION IN RESEARCHETHICAL CONSIDERATION WHEN DOING ARESEARC…
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
HOME – REACT
The ReAct Toolbox. The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe. CORE-COMPONENTS OF IPC Common components are system change, education and training, monitoring and feedback, reminders, and culture change. Health care – Set up a program – Plan an intervention. POLICY: National action plans – Elements of a national action plan – Infection preventionand control. 6.
CAMPAIGN MATERIALS
Campaign material. A mock-up prescription aimed at policy makers to make them support a proposal on more prudent antibiotic use in veterinary medicine. An example of a creative way to raise awareness, initiated by the European Consumer Organisation (BEUC). Report from the Longitude Prize. RESISTANCE MECHANISMS Antibiotic resistance mechanisms. 1. Stop the antibiotic from reaching its target ; : Pump the antibiotic out from the bacterial cell. Bacteria can produce pumps that sit in their membrane or cell wall. These so-called efflux pumps are very common in bacteria and can transport a variety of compounds such as signal molecules andnutrients.
MUTATIONS AND SELECTION Figure 1. Natural selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The starting point in this example is a large bacterial population mainly consisting of bacteria that are susceptible to antibiotics and a couple of bacteria that are antibiotic-resistant by chance. PLAN – SET UP A CAMPAIGN – REACT Plan. The planning process involves outlining the work that needs to be performed. The first step is to develop aims and objectives. The process also includes determining which strategies to use, what resources are needed, how to measure progress and calculating abudget.
SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENTS IN SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS ANTIBIOTIC Sustainable investments are needed across the range of interventions necessary to address antibiotic resistance. This includes investing in developing new antibiotics, diagnostics, vaccines and other health technologies, and more importantly, investing in strengthening health, agriculture, regulatory and financial systems holistically. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE—THE NEED FOR GLOBAL SOLUTIONS Published online November 17, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9 The Lancet InfectiousDiseases Commission
THE MUMBAI MISSION FOR TB CONTROL The Mumbai Mission for TB Control. The Mumbai Mission for TB Control (MMTBC) was formed in response to a growing concern over the spread of TB and increasing incidence of drug-resistant TB in the city . MMTBC has been operational since mid 2014 and brings together civil society actors with local and national authorities to improve TB care EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN EDUCATION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL AND PHARMACY SCHOOLS: FINDINGS FROM CURRICULUM SURVEY IN SELECTED SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNIVERSITIES A joint project by Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of We have placed cookies on your computer and saved your IP number to give you a better experience. ReAct’s privacy policy and about cookies used on the site. Iunderstand
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3 KEY TAKEAWAYS FOR AMR FROM THIS YEAR’S WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY WHA74 Last week governments gathered for the WHO’s 74th World Health Assembly after a year marked by governments being occupied with responding and managing several waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we list our main takeaways from the debates relevant for antimicrobial resistance, access to medicines and vaccines, and pandemic preparedness and response. The article also include two ReAct policybriefs before WHA.
REACT - ACTION ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE ReAct is an independent network dedicated to the problem of antibiotic resistance. ReAct is a global catalyst, advocating and stimulating for global engagement on antibiotic resistance through a broad range ofcollaborations.
Interview
VANESSA CARTER: 3 YEARS OF SURVIVING A DRUG-RESISTANT INFECTION MADE ME WANT TO CREATE CHANGE Your life can change in a split second. Vanessa Carter from South Africa is well aware of this. She was in a car accident 17 years ago. She says:_ “I pushed a lot of feelings down but it was extremely, extremely difficult. Especially the facial difference, the trauma of losing half your face to an accident. People stared at me and I had the most horrific comments sometimes.”_ On top of the accident she also survived 3 years of a drug-resistant infection. Despite this, she stayed strong and felt a need to create change. She became a patient advocate for antibiotic resistance and is now widely engaged, completed a Stanford Medicine X e-Patient Scholarship and holds a position in the WHO Strategic Advisory Group (STAG) for AMR. She says: _“It is not just me, there are other patients as well.”_Policy
UN HIGH-LEVEL DIALOGUE ON AMR: POLITICAL WILL AND INVESTMENTS NEEDED End April, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)75th session hosted a high-level interactive dialogue on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The dialogue had participation from government leaders, industry leaders, health and development experts, delegates of the Tripartite-plus (WHO, OIE, FAO & UNEP) as well as representatives from civil society organisations including ReAct Africa and South Centre. Here you can find a few key points from the meeting.Policy
4 CONSIDERATIONS FOR ADDRESSING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE THROUGH PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS Due to COVID-19, pandemic preparedness and global health security have emerged as the dominating approach to addressing public health crises, of which antimicrobial resistance has been among the priority list. The article highlights considerations for antimicrobial resistance to be addressed through the pandemic preparedness lens.In focus
NEW REACT REPORT: GOVERNMENTS NEED TO TAKE MORE LEADERSHIP TO ENSURE GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE ACCESS TO EFFECTIVE ANTIBIOTICS The new ReAct report “Ensuring sustainable access to effective antibiotics for everyone, everywhere – How to address the global crisis in antibiotic Research and Development” includes a comprehensive summary and critical evaluation of recent initiatives to overcome the barriers to achieve sustainable access to antibiotics. As antibiotic resistance will continue to develop as long as we depend on these medicines to treat bacterial infections, a continuous supply of new effective antibiotics is needed. New film and report! CHILDREN AT RISK: NEW REACT FILM AND GLOBAL SURVEY – REACT’S ASKSOF LEADERS!
Life-threatening infections in children are becoming untreatable. ReAct releases a short film and a global survey to get the attention from leaders in governments, from donors and from professional societies and civil society. The film portrays how children’s lives are at risk due to the threat of antibiotic resistance. The message from the survey is clear – physicians across the globe are worried about losing the very drugs that can save these children’s lives. Leaders need to act now. See ReAct’s asks of governments, donors, professional societies, and civil society.ReAct Interview
3 QUESTIONS TO NEWLY APPOINTED STAG-AMR MEMBERS OTRIDAH KAPONA ANDSUJITH CHANDY
Beginning March, the The Strategic and Technical Advisory Group for Antimicrobial resistance (STAG-AMR) had its first meeting. The group is the principal advisory group to the World Health Organization (WHO) on antimicrobial resistance. Both Otridah Kapona, AMR Focal Point for Zambia and Projects Officer at ReAct Africa and Sujith Chandy, Director of ReAct Asia Pacific, was appointed to the group. We have asked the two new STAG-AMR members a few questions about the newly formed advisory group and their hopes for the future. ReAct also congratulates to their new appointment.Theme
COVID-19 AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE ReAct articles relating to COVID-19 and antibiotic resistance.Theme
LEARN MORE! AMR AND ITS IMPACT ON UHC, SDGS AND THE URGENT NEED TOFUND AMR WORK
Here you find links to articles, reports and short videos – to learn more about the impact of Antimicrobial Resistance on Universal Health Coverage, the Sustainable Development Goals and the urgent need to find ways to finance efforts to manage antimicrobial resistance.THE REACT TOOLBOX
The ReAct Toolbox is a user-friendly web-based resource that provides inspiration and guidance to take action and develop national action plans on antibiotic resistance. It is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings, and is aligned with ongoing and current initiatives from across the globe.WE ARE GLOBAL
ReAct is a global network of antibiotic resistance experts with nodes in Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America and North America. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE In the last 70 years the use of antibiotics has been crucial in improving countless lives and drastically reducing deaths caused by bacterial infections. The increasing development of antibiotic resistance is posing a serious threat to human health and development, the environment and for animal health. Learn more about ReAct’s work on antibiotic resistance here. STAY ON TOP OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Get our newsletter twice a month to be updated on the latest research, policy news, ReAct global network activities and much more.Past newsletters
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CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS Engagement from civil society organizations and communities is needed to tackle antibiotic resistance. Learn more about how to get involved. Stay on top of the latest news in antibiotic resistance: Sign up for our Newsletteron Facebook
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