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MinGW environment.
OPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL GUI APPLICATION Get the source and binary (64 bit) file from: glWinSimple.zip (Updated: 2020-03-14, included VisualStudio 2015 project) This application consists of 3 separate C++ classes, ModelGL, ViewGL and ControllerGL.For OpenGL application, all system-independent OpenGL commands can be placed in the ModelGL component, so, Model component itself can be re-usable for other platforms such as macOS withoutCONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system. OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame. OPENGL CYLINDER, PRISM & PIPE A common application is drawing a pipe, which is extruding a contour along a given path. Suppose the path is Q 1-Q 2-Q 3, and a point of the contour is P 1.To find the next point, P' 1, we need to project P 1 onto the plane at the Q 2 with the normal, , where 2 path lines Q 1-Q 2 and Q 2-Q 3 are met. Projecting P 1 to P' 1 is actually finding the intersection of the point where a line and a OPENGL - SONG HOOPENGL TRANSFORMATIONFBOOPENGL TESSELLATIONOPENGL GUI APPLICATIONOPENGL SPHERE OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
OPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL GUI APPLICATION Get the source and binary (64 bit) file from: glWinSimple.zip (Updated: 2020-03-14, included VisualStudio 2015 project) This application consists of 3 separate C++ classes, ModelGL, ViewGL and ControllerGL.For OpenGL application, all system-independent OpenGL commands can be placed in the ModelGL component, so, Model component itself can be re-usable for other platforms such as macOS withoutCONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system. OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame.OPENGL - SONG HO
OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
OPENGL GUI APPLICATION Get the source and binary (64 bit) file from: glWinSimple.zip (Updated: 2020-03-14, included VisualStudio 2015 project) This application consists of 3 separate C++ classes, ModelGL, ViewGL and ControllerGL.For OpenGL application, all system-independent OpenGL commands can be placed in the ModelGL component, so, Model component itself can be re-usable for other platforms such as macOS without OPENGL TRANSFORMATION Note that OpenGL performs matrices multiplications in reverse order if multiple transforms are applied to a vertex. For example, If a vertex is transformed by M A first, and transformed by M B second, then OpenGL performs M B x M A first before multiplying the vertex. So, the last transform comes first and the first transform occurs last in yourcode.
SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet.OPENGL VERTEX ARRAY
OpenGL Vertex Array. Related Topics: Vertex Buffer Object, Display List Download: vertexArray.zip, vertexArray2.zip Update: Since OpenGL v3.1+ and ES (Embedded Systems) do not support GL_QUADS primitive, this article is modified using GL_TRIANGLES instead. You can still access the old article here.. Overview. Instead you specify individual vertex data in immediate mode (between glBegin() andPLANE EQUATION
If the unit normal vector (a 1, b 1, c 1), then, the point P 1 on the plane becomes (Da 1, Db 1, Dc 1), where D is the distance from the origin. The equation of the plane can be rewritten with the unit vector and the point on the plane in order to show the distance D is the constant term of the equation; . Therefore, we can find the distance from the origin by dividing the standard plane OPENGL NORMAL VECTOR TRANSFORMATION OpenGL Normal Vector Transformation. Related Topics: OpenGL Transformation, OpenGL Matrix, Plane Equation This page explains why transforming a normal vector from object space to eye space is; When lighting is enabled in OpenGL, the normal vectors are used to determine how much light is received at the specified vertex orsurface.
EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has been HIGH RESOLUTION TIMER High Resolution Timer. Download: timer.zip C standard library provides clock() function, which can be used to measure the elapsed time. It is a system independent C function declared in time.h (compatible on most operationg systems), but it does not give accurate results, not even millisecond accuracy.EULER'S EQUATION
Explanation of Euler's equation and usage of Euler's equation. When the graph of is projected to the complex plane, the function is tracing on the unit circle. It is a periodic function with the period .. It means that raising to an imaginary power produces the complex number with the angle x in radians. This polar form of is very convenient to represent rotating objects or periodic signals OPENGL CYLINDER, PRISM & PIPE A common application is drawing a pipe, which is extruding a contour along a given path. Suppose the path is Q 1-Q 2-Q 3, and a point of the contour is P 1.To find the next point, P' 1, we need to project P 1 onto the plane at the Q 2 with the normal, , where 2 path lines Q 1-Q 2 and Q 2-Q 3 are met. Projecting P 1 to P' 1 is actually finding the intersection of the point where a line and a OPENGL - SONG HOOPENGL TRANSFORMATIONFBOOPENGL TESSELLATIONOPENGL GUI APPLICATIONOPENGL SPHERE OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
CONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame.OPENGL SPHERE
A typical point at latitude 26.565° and radius r can be computed by; . Note that is the elevation (height) of the point and is the length of the projected line segment on XY plane. (Reference: Spherical Coordinates of Regular Icosahedron from Wikipedia) The following C++ code is to generate 12 vertices of an icosahedron for a given radius, or you can find the complete implementation ofOPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points.OPENGL VERTEX ARRAY
OpenGL Vertex Array. Related Topics: Vertex Buffer Object, Display List Download: vertexArray.zip, vertexArray2.zip Update: Since OpenGL v3.1+ and ES (Embedded Systems) do not support GL_QUADS primitive, this article is modified using GL_TRIANGLES instead. You can still access the old article here.. Overview. Instead you specify individual vertex data in immediate mode (between glBegin() and EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has been OPENGL CYLINDER, PRISM & PIPE A common application is drawing a pipe, which is extruding a contour along a given path. Suppose the path is Q 1-Q 2-Q 3, and a point of the contour is P 1.To find the next point, P' 1, we need to project P 1 onto the plane at the Q 2 with the normal, , where 2 path lines Q 1-Q 2 and Q 2-Q 3 are met. Projecting P 1 to P' 1 is actually finding the intersection of the point where a line and a OPENGL - SONG HOOPENGL TRANSFORMATIONFBOOPENGL TESSELLATIONOPENGL GUI APPLICATIONOPENGL SPHERE OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
CONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame.OPENGL SPHERE
A typical point at latitude 26.565° and radius r can be computed by; . Note that is the elevation (height) of the point and is the length of the projected line segment on XY plane. (Reference: Spherical Coordinates of Regular Icosahedron from Wikipedia) The following C++ code is to generate 12 vertices of an icosahedron for a given radius, or you can find the complete implementation ofOPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points.OPENGL VERTEX ARRAY
OpenGL Vertex Array. Related Topics: Vertex Buffer Object, Display List Download: vertexArray.zip, vertexArray2.zip Update: Since OpenGL v3.1+ and ES (Embedded Systems) do not support GL_QUADS primitive, this article is modified using GL_TRIANGLES instead. You can still access the old article here.. Overview. Instead you specify individual vertex data in immediate mode (between glBegin() and EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has beenOPENGL - SONG HO
OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
MATH - SONG HO
Line Equation The equation of a line is defined with 2 known points. This page describes a line equation using parametric form; a point on the line and the direction vector of the line.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet.OPENGL CAMERA
OpenGL orbit camera. These 3 basis vectors, , and are used to construct the rotation matrix M R of lookAt, however, the rotation matrix must be inverted. Suppose a camera is located above a scene. The whole scene must rotate downward inversely, so the camera isfacing to -Z axis.
OPENGL GUI APPLICATION Get the source and binary (64 bit) file from: glWinSimple.zip (Updated: 2020-03-14, included VisualStudio 2015 project) This application consists of 3 separate C++ classes, ModelGL, ViewGL and ControllerGL.For OpenGL application, all system-independent OpenGL commands can be placed in the ModelGL component, so, Model component itself can be re-usable for other platforms such as macOS without OPENGL NORMAL VECTOR TRANSFORMATION OpenGL Normal Vector Transformation. Related Topics: OpenGL Transformation, OpenGL Matrix, Plane Equation This page explains why transforming a normal vector from object space to eye space is; When lighting is enabled in OpenGL, the normal vectors are used to determine how much light is received at the specified vertex orsurface.
OPENGL TRANSFORMATION Note that OpenGL performs matrices multiplications in reverse order if multiple transforms are applied to a vertex. For example, If a vertex is transformed by M A first, and transformed by M B second, then OpenGL performs M B x M A first before multiplying the vertex. So, the last transform comes first and the first transform occurs last in yourcode.
EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has beenPLANE EQUATION
If the unit normal vector (a 1, b 1, c 1), then, the point P 1 on the plane becomes (Da 1, Db 1, Dc 1), where D is the distance from the origin. The equation of the plane can be rewritten with the unit vector and the point on the plane in order to show the distance D is the constant term of the equation; . Therefore, we can find the distance from the origin by dividing the standard planeEULER'S EQUATION
Explanation of Euler's equation and usage of Euler's equation. When the graph of is projected to the complex plane, the function is tracing on the unit circle. It is a periodic function with the period .. It means that raising to an imaginary power produces the complex number with the angle x in radians. This polar form of is very convenient to represent rotating objects or periodic signals OPENGL CYLINDER, PRISM & PIPE A common application is drawing a pipe, which is extruding a contour along a given path. Suppose the path is Q 1-Q 2-Q 3, and a point of the contour is P 1.To find the next point, P' 1, we need to project P 1 onto the plane at the Q 2 with the normal, , where 2 path lines Q 1-Q 2 and Q 2-Q 3 are met. Projecting P 1 to P' 1 is actually finding the intersection of the point where a line and a OPENGL - SONG HOOPENGL TRANSFORMATIONFBOOPENGL TESSELLATIONOPENGL GUI APPLICATIONOPENGL SPHERE OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
CONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame.OPENGL SPHERE
A typical point at latitude 26.565° and radius r can be computed by; . Note that is the elevation (height) of the point and is the length of the projected line segment on XY plane. (Reference: Spherical Coordinates of Regular Icosahedron from Wikipedia) The following C++ code is to generate 12 vertices of an icosahedron for a given radius, or you can find the complete implementation ofOPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points.OPENGL VERTEX ARRAY
OpenGL Vertex Array. Related Topics: Vertex Buffer Object, Display List Download: vertexArray.zip, vertexArray2.zip Update: Since OpenGL v3.1+ and ES (Embedded Systems) do not support GL_QUADS primitive, this article is modified using GL_TRIANGLES instead. You can still access the old article here.. Overview. Instead you specify individual vertex data in immediate mode (between glBegin() and EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has been OPENGL CYLINDER, PRISM & PIPE A common application is drawing a pipe, which is extruding a contour along a given path. Suppose the path is Q 1-Q 2-Q 3, and a point of the contour is P 1.To find the next point, P' 1, we need to project P 1 onto the plane at the Q 2 with the normal, , where 2 path lines Q 1-Q 2 and Q 2-Q 3 are met. Projecting P 1 to P' 1 is actually finding the intersection of the point where a line and a OPENGL - SONG HOOPENGL TRANSFORMATIONFBOOPENGL TESSELLATIONOPENGL GUI APPLICATIONOPENGL SPHERE OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
CONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame.OPENGL SPHERE
A typical point at latitude 26.565° and radius r can be computed by; . Note that is the elevation (height) of the point and is the length of the projected line segment on XY plane. (Reference: Spherical Coordinates of Regular Icosahedron from Wikipedia) The following C++ code is to generate 12 vertices of an icosahedron for a given radius, or you can find the complete implementation ofOPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points.OPENGL VERTEX ARRAY
OpenGL Vertex Array. Related Topics: Vertex Buffer Object, Display List Download: vertexArray.zip, vertexArray2.zip Update: Since OpenGL v3.1+ and ES (Embedded Systems) do not support GL_QUADS primitive, this article is modified using GL_TRIANGLES instead. You can still access the old article here.. Overview. Instead you specify individual vertex data in immediate mode (between glBegin() and EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has beenOPENGL - SONG HO
OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
MATH - SONG HO
Line Equation The equation of a line is defined with 2 known points. This page describes a line equation using parametric form; a point on the line and the direction vector of the line.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet.OPENGL CAMERA
OpenGL orbit camera. These 3 basis vectors, , and are used to construct the rotation matrix M R of lookAt, however, the rotation matrix must be inverted. Suppose a camera is located above a scene. The whole scene must rotate downward inversely, so the camera isfacing to -Z axis.
OPENGL GUI APPLICATION Get the source and binary (64 bit) file from: glWinSimple.zip (Updated: 2020-03-14, included VisualStudio 2015 project) This application consists of 3 separate C++ classes, ModelGL, ViewGL and ControllerGL.For OpenGL application, all system-independent OpenGL commands can be placed in the ModelGL component, so, Model component itself can be re-usable for other platforms such as macOS without OPENGL NORMAL VECTOR TRANSFORMATION OpenGL Normal Vector Transformation. Related Topics: OpenGL Transformation, OpenGL Matrix, Plane Equation This page explains why transforming a normal vector from object space to eye space is; When lighting is enabled in OpenGL, the normal vectors are used to determine how much light is received at the specified vertex orsurface.
OPENGL TRANSFORMATION Note that OpenGL performs matrices multiplications in reverse order if multiple transforms are applied to a vertex. For example, If a vertex is transformed by M A first, and transformed by M B second, then OpenGL performs M B x M A first before multiplying the vertex. So, the last transform comes first and the first transform occurs last in yourcode.
EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has beenPLANE EQUATION
If the unit normal vector (a 1, b 1, c 1), then, the point P 1 on the plane becomes (Da 1, Db 1, Dc 1), where D is the distance from the origin. The equation of the plane can be rewritten with the unit vector and the point on the plane in order to show the distance D is the constant term of the equation; . Therefore, we can find the distance from the origin by dividing the standard planeEULER'S EQUATION
Explanation of Euler's equation and usage of Euler's equation. When the graph of is projected to the complex plane, the function is tracing on the unit circle. It is a periodic function with the period .. It means that raising to an imaginary power produces the complex number with the angle x in radians. This polar form of is very convenient to represent rotating objects or periodic signals OPENGL CYLINDER, PRISM & PIPE A common application is drawing a pipe, which is extruding a contour along a given path. Suppose the path is Q 1-Q 2-Q 3, and a point of the contour is P 1.To find the next point, P' 1, we need to project P 1 onto the plane at the Q 2 with the normal, , where 2 path lines Q 1-Q 2 and Q 2-Q 3 are met. Projecting P 1 to P' 1 is actually finding the intersection of the point where a line and a OPENGL - SONG HOOPENGL TRANSFORMATIONFBOOPENGL TESSELLATIONOPENGL GUI APPLICATIONOPENGL SPHERE OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
CONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame.OPENGL SPHERE
A typical point at latitude 26.565° and radius r can be computed by; . Note that is the elevation (height) of the point and is the length of the projected line segment on XY plane. (Reference: Spherical Coordinates of Regular Icosahedron from Wikipedia) The following C++ code is to generate 12 vertices of an icosahedron for a given radius, or you can find the complete implementation ofOPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points.OPENGL VERTEX ARRAY
OpenGL Vertex Array. Related Topics: Vertex Buffer Object, Display List Download: vertexArray.zip, vertexArray2.zip Update: Since OpenGL v3.1+ and ES (Embedded Systems) do not support GL_QUADS primitive, this article is modified using GL_TRIANGLES instead. You can still access the old article here.. Overview. Instead you specify individual vertex data in immediate mode (between glBegin() and EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has been OPENGL CYLINDER, PRISM & PIPE A common application is drawing a pipe, which is extruding a contour along a given path. Suppose the path is Q 1-Q 2-Q 3, and a point of the contour is P 1.To find the next point, P' 1, we need to project P 1 onto the plane at the Q 2 with the normal, , where 2 path lines Q 1-Q 2 and Q 2-Q 3 are met. Projecting P 1 to P' 1 is actually finding the intersection of the point where a line and a OPENGL - SONG HOOPENGL TRANSFORMATIONFBOOPENGL TESSELLATIONOPENGL GUI APPLICATIONOPENGL SPHERE OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
CONVOLUTION
Convolution. Convolution is the most important and fundamental concept in signal processing and analysis. By using convolution, we can construct the output of system for any arbitrary input signal, if we know the impulse response of system.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet. OPENGL PIXEL BUFFER OBJECT (PBO) This demo uses 2 pixel buffers. At frame n, the application reads the pixel data from OpenGL framebuffer to PBO 1 using glReadPixels(), and processes the pixel data in PBO 2.These read and process can be performed simultaneously, because glReadPixels() to PBO 1 returns immediately and CPU starts to process data in PBO 2 without delay. And, we alternate between PBO 1 and PBO 2 on every frame.OPENGL SPHERE
A typical point at latitude 26.565° and radius r can be computed by; . Note that is the elevation (height) of the point and is the length of the projected line segment on XY plane. (Reference: Spherical Coordinates of Regular Icosahedron from Wikipedia) The following C++ code is to generate 12 vertices of an icosahedron for a given radius, or you can find the complete implementation ofOPENGL CAMERA
OPENGL FRAME BUFFER OBJECT (FBO) When you render to a FBO, anti-aliasing is not automatically enabled even if you properly create a OpenGL rendering context with the multisampling attribute (SAMPLEBUFFERS_ARB) for window-system-provided framebuffer.. In order to activate multisample anti-aliasing mode for rendering to a FBO, you need to prepare and attach multisample images to a FBO's color and/or depth attachement points.OPENGL VERTEX ARRAY
OpenGL Vertex Array. Related Topics: Vertex Buffer Object, Display List Download: vertexArray.zip, vertexArray2.zip Update: Since OpenGL v3.1+ and ES (Embedded Systems) do not support GL_QUADS primitive, this article is modified using GL_TRIANGLES instead. You can still access the old article here.. Overview. Instead you specify individual vertex data in immediate mode (between glBegin() and EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has beenOPENGL - SONG HO
OpenGL. This page contains fundamental OpenGL tutorials and notes. All example programs are written by C++ with Code::Blocks IDE, as well as makefiles for Linux and Mac. I mostly use GLUT/FreeGLUT, and each example project includes FreeGLUT header and library files in it forMinGW environment.
MATH - SONG HO
Line Equation The equation of a line is defined with 2 known points. This page describes a line equation using parametric form; a point on the line and the direction vector of the line.SONG HO AHN
You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet.OPENGL CAMERA
OpenGL orbit camera. These 3 basis vectors, , and are used to construct the rotation matrix M R of lookAt, however, the rotation matrix must be inverted. Suppose a camera is located above a scene. The whole scene must rotate downward inversely, so the camera isfacing to -Z axis.
OPENGL GUI APPLICATION Get the source and binary (64 bit) file from: glWinSimple.zip (Updated: 2020-03-14, included VisualStudio 2015 project) This application consists of 3 separate C++ classes, ModelGL, ViewGL and ControllerGL.For OpenGL application, all system-independent OpenGL commands can be placed in the ModelGL component, so, Model component itself can be re-usable for other platforms such as macOS without OPENGL NORMAL VECTOR TRANSFORMATION OpenGL Normal Vector Transformation. Related Topics: OpenGL Transformation, OpenGL Matrix, Plane Equation This page explains why transforming a normal vector from object space to eye space is; When lighting is enabled in OpenGL, the normal vectors are used to determine how much light is received at the specified vertex orsurface.
OPENGL TRANSFORMATION Note that OpenGL performs matrices multiplications in reverse order if multiple transforms are applied to a vertex. For example, If a vertex is transformed by M A first, and transformed by M B second, then OpenGL performs M B x M A first before multiplying the vertex. So, the last transform comes first and the first transform occurs last in yourcode.
EXAMPLE OF 2D CONVOLUTION Example of 2D Convolution. Here is a simple example of convolution of 3x3 input signal and impulse response (kernel) in 2D spatial. The definition of 2D convolution and the method how to convolve in 2D are explained here.. In general, the size of output signal is getting bigger than input signal (Output Length = Input Length + Kernel Length - 1), but we compute only same area as input has beenPLANE EQUATION
If the unit normal vector (a 1, b 1, c 1), then, the point P 1 on the plane becomes (Da 1, Db 1, Dc 1), where D is the distance from the origin. The equation of the plane can be rewritten with the unit vector and the point on the plane in order to show the distance D is the constant term of the equation; . Therefore, we can find the distance from the origin by dividing the standard planeEULER'S EQUATION
Explanation of Euler's equation and usage of Euler's equation. When the graph of is projected to the complex plane, the function is tracing on the unit circle. It is a periodic function with the period .. It means that raising to an imaginary power produces the complex number with the angle x in radians. This polar form of is very convenient to represent rotating objects or periodic signals WELCOME TO SONGHO.CA This is my personal web site. I started to convert my notes into the web pages since mid 2005. These are mostly fundamental information or tutorials to share with others. I hope you find what you are looking for here. And, I welcome any feedback on the contents and yoursuggestions.
© 2005-2018, Song Ho Ahn (안성호)songho.ca
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_You do not need to leave your room. Remain sitting at your table and listen. Do not even listen, simply wait, be quiet still and solitary. The world will freely offer itself to you to be unmasked, it has no choice, it will roll in ecstasy at your feet._- Franz Kafka
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