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TABLE OF CONTENTS
T Volue 98 uber 2 arch 2021 1 T %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP PREFACE 3 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on Social Determinants of Health UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescentUTMJ
UTMJ A student-run scientific publication since 1923 Volume 86, Number 1, December 2008 www.utmj.org University of Toronto Medical JournalFocus on Vaccines:
UTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by OksaUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose MonzonUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 82 / No 2 MARCH 2005 81 Preface 82 HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of a Rural Community in Kep, Kingdom of Cambodia Edith Y. Ho and Dr. Shiv Grewal 88 UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world.TABLE OF CONTENTS
T Volue 98 uber 2 arch 2021 1 T %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP PREFACE 3 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on Social Determinants of Health LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF UTM Volume 9, Number 3, une 2020 29 Reviews Lactobacillus reuteri's role in the prevention of colorectal cancer: a review of literature Abstract Background: Probiotics have many health benefits, which include decreasing intestinal inflammation and HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescent REVIEWS A SYSTEMATIC META-REVIEW OF PREDICTORS OF ADVERSE TM Volume 98 Number 2 March 2021 69 Corresponding Author: Emily Snook emily.snook@mail.utoronto.ca A systematic meta-review of predictors ofadverse effect
UTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by OksaUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose MonzonUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 82 / No 2 MARCH 2005 81 Preface 82 HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of a Rural Community in Kep, Kingdom of Cambodia Edith Y. Ho and Dr. Shiv Grewal 88 2020-2021 UTMJ EDITORIAL TEAM 6 UTMJ Volume umer 2 March 2021 UTMJ %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP Muhammad Maaz Saba Manzoor Vienna MazzoliUTMJ
UTMJ A student-run scientific publication since 1923 Volume 86, Number 1, December 2008 www.utmj.org University of Toronto Medical JournalFocus on Vaccines:
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical PERSPECTIVES LET’S TALK… ABOUT FARMERS: TRUMP’S TRADE WAR 56 Let’s talk about farmers: Trump’s Trade War and a looming mental health crisis UTMJ Volume 96, Number 2, March 2019 Perspectives mental health services to agricultural workers, a 24/7 crisis line,UTMJ
VOLUME 82 / No 3 MAY 2005 157 Preface 158 The Impact of the 2003 SARS Outbreak on Medical Students at the University of TorontoUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose Monzon THE HUMAN MICROBIOME HOST-INTESTINAL MICROBE INTERACTIONS 30 The Human Microbiome UTMJ • Volume 92, Number 3, May 2015 Host-Intestinal Microbe Interactions in Human Health and Disease Richard You Wu MD/PhD Candidate, Faculty REVIEWS REJUVENATING THE ELDERLY 37 Rejuvenating the Elderly – A Scientific Approach for Tackling Geriatric Intensive Care UTM olume 9 umber 3 une 08 depleted with time, and this contributes to impaired turnoverUTMJ.ORG
the 2015-2016 year of the University of Toronto Medi-cal Journal. For this issue, we decided on the theme of Medicine and Health in the Community because, though the pace of discoUTMJ.ORG
65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS 9 Interview. D. r. Rachlis is a graduate of the University of Manitoba . Medical School and completed specialty training in Community Medicine a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF UTM Volume 9, Number 3, une 2020 29 Reviews Lactobacillus reuteri's role in the prevention of colorectal cancer: a review of literature Abstract Background: Probiotics have many health benefits, which include decreasing intestinal inflammation andTABLE OF CONTENTS
T Volue 98 uber 2 arch 2021 1 T %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP PREFACE 3 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on Social Determinants of Health UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescentUTMJ
UTMJ A student-run scientific publication since 1923 Volume 86, Number 1, December 2008 www.utmj.org University of Toronto Medical JournalFocus on Vaccines:
UTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by OksaUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose MonzonUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 82 / No 2 MARCH 2005 81 Preface 82 HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of a Rural Community in Kep, Kingdom of Cambodia Edith Y. Ho and Dr. Shiv Grewal 88 UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF UTM Volume 9, Number 3, une 2020 29 Reviews Lactobacillus reuteri's role in the prevention of colorectal cancer: a review of literature Abstract Background: Probiotics have many health benefits, which include decreasing intestinal inflammation andTABLE OF CONTENTS
T Volue 98 uber 2 arch 2021 1 T %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP PREFACE 3 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on Social Determinants of Health UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescentUTMJ
UTMJ A student-run scientific publication since 1923 Volume 86, Number 1, December 2008 www.utmj.org University of Toronto Medical JournalFocus on Vaccines:
UTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by OksaUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose MonzonUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 82 / No 2 MARCH 2005 81 Preface 82 HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of a Rural Community in Kep, Kingdom of Cambodia Edith Y. Ho and Dr. Shiv Grewal 88 2020-2021 UTMJ EDITORIAL TEAM 6 UTMJ Volume umer 2 March 2021 UTMJ %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP Muhammad Maaz Saba Manzoor Vienna MazzoliUTMJ
UTMJ A student-run scientific publication since 1923 Volume 86, Number 1, December 2008 www.utmj.org University of Toronto Medical JournalFocus on Vaccines:
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical PERSPECTIVES LET’S TALK… ABOUT FARMERS: TRUMP’S TRADE WAR 56 Let’s talk about farmers: Trump’s Trade War and a looming mental health crisis UTMJ Volume 96, Number 2, March 2019 Perspectives mental health services to agricultural workers, a 24/7 crisis line,UTMJ
VOLUME 82 / No 3 MAY 2005 157 Preface 158 The Impact of the 2003 SARS Outbreak on Medical Students at the University of TorontoUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose Monzon THE HUMAN MICROBIOME HOST-INTESTINAL MICROBE INTERACTIONS 30 The Human Microbiome UTMJ • Volume 92, Number 3, May 2015 Host-Intestinal Microbe Interactions in Human Health and Disease Richard You Wu MD/PhD Candidate, Faculty REVIEWS REJUVENATING THE ELDERLY 37 Rejuvenating the Elderly – A Scientific Approach for Tackling Geriatric Intensive Care UTM olume 9 umber 3 une 08 depleted with time, and this contributes to impaired turnoverUTMJ.ORG
the 2015-2016 year of the University of Toronto Medi-cal Journal. For this issue, we decided on the theme of Medicine and Health in the Community because, though the pace of discoUTMJ.ORG
65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS 9 Interview. D. r. Rachlis is a graduate of the University of Manitoba . Medical School and completed specialty training in Community Medicine a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. 2020-2021 UTMJ EDITORIAL TEAM 6 UTMJ Volume umer 2 March 2021 UTMJ %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP Muhammad Maaz Saba Manzoor Vienna Mazzoli UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescentUTMJ.ORG
Created Date: 3/20/2020 9:13:33 PMUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by OksaUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ VOLUME 78 / No 1 DECEMBER 2000 4 Letter to Patrons 5 Preface 8 Patients with Facial Difference: Assessment of Information and Psychosocial Support Needs Karen M. Horton, Lorn NEWS AND VIEWS THE TIME IS RIGHT FOR A NATIONAL PHARMACARE 51 News and Views The Time is Right for a National Pharmacare Program for Canada UTMJ • Volume 94, Number 3, June 2017 for their prescriptions, or forego medications altogether.2 An estimated 10% of Canadians cannot fill prescriptions becauseUTMJ.ORG
65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS 9 Interview. D. r. Rachlis is a graduate of the University of Manitoba . Medical School and completed specialty training in Community Medicine a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. 2020-2021 UTMJ EDITORIAL TEAM 6 UTMJ Volume umer 2 March 2021 UTMJ %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP Muhammad Maaz Saba Manzoor Vienna Mazzoli UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescentUTMJ.ORG
Created Date: 3/20/2020 9:13:33 PMUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by OksaUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ VOLUME 78 / No 1 DECEMBER 2000 4 Letter to Patrons 5 Preface 8 Patients with Facial Difference: Assessment of Information and Psychosocial Support Needs Karen M. Horton, Lorn NEWS AND VIEWS THE TIME IS RIGHT FOR A NATIONAL PHARMACARE 51 News and Views The Time is Right for a National Pharmacare Program for Canada UTMJ • Volume 94, Number 3, June 2017 for their prescriptions, or forego medications altogether.2 An estimated 10% of Canadians cannot fill prescriptions becauseUTMJ.ORG
65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS 9 Interview. D. r. Rachlis is a graduate of the University of Manitoba . Medical School and completed specialty training in Community Medicine aTABLE OF CONTENTS
T Volue 98 uber 2 arch 2021 1 T %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP PREFACE 3 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on Social Determinants of HealthUTMJ.ORG
Created Date: 3/20/2020 9:13:33 PMUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by Oksa PRIMARY RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES, AND ATTITUDES OF 6 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Primary Research Corresponding Author: Louise Kaplan kaplanla@wsu.edu Knowledge, practices, and attitudes of certified medical NEWS AND VIEWS THE TIME IS RIGHT FOR A NATIONAL PHARMACARE 51 News and Views The Time is Right for a National Pharmacare Program for Canada UTMJ • Volume 94, Number 3, June 2017 for their prescriptions, or forego medications altogether.2 An estimated 10% of Canadians cannot fill prescriptions because IMAGING CASE REPORT SKELETAL MANIFESTATIONS OF 10 UTMJ • Volume 89, Number 1, December 2011 Imaging Case Report Skeletal Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 markable sizes and are at risk of undergoing transformation to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST).6 Depending on their size and location, plexiform neurofibro- REVIEWS NORMOTHERMIC EX VIVO LUNG PERFUSION: A REVIEW OF 26 Reviews T Volume 9 Number 2 arch 2017 Normothermic Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion: A Review of the Toronto Protocol Aadil Ali, HBSc 1; Cara Summers, HBSc ; Shaf Keshavjee, MD, MSc1,2; Marcelo Cypel, MD, MSc1,2 1Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto, ON 2Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, ON UTMJ VOLUME 95, NUMBER 3, JUNE 2018 WWW.UTMJ.ORG CRITICAL UTMJ A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal Volume 95, Number 3, June 2018 www.utmj.org Illustration by Isabel Gordon CriticalUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose Monzon HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS WILL OPERATE FOR FOOD? A 65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS 21 Health Policy and Economics Will Operate for Food? A Medical Student’s Perspective Anthony Vo, MD Candidate 2015, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. 2020-2021 UTMJ EDITORIAL TEAM 6 UTMJ Volume umer 2 March 2021 UTMJ %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP Muhammad Maaz Saba Manzoor Vienna Mazzoli LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF UTM Volume 9, Number 3, une 2020 29 Reviews Lactobacillus reuteri's role in the prevention of colorectal cancer: a review of literature Abstract Background: Probiotics have many health benefits, which include decreasing intestinal inflammation and UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescentUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by Oksa HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British ColumbiaUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ VOLUME 78 / No 1 DECEMBER 2000 4 Letter to Patrons 5 Preface 8 Patients with Facial Difference: Assessment of Information and Psychosocial Support Needs Karen M. Horton, LornUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose MonzonUTMJ.ORG
65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS 9 Interview. D. r. Rachlis is a graduate of the University of Manitoba . Medical School and completed specialty training in Community Medicine a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. 2020-2021 UTMJ EDITORIAL TEAM 6 UTMJ Volume umer 2 March 2021 UTMJ %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP Muhammad Maaz Saba Manzoor Vienna Mazzoli LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF UTM Volume 9, Number 3, une 2020 29 Reviews Lactobacillus reuteri's role in the prevention of colorectal cancer: a review of literature Abstract Background: Probiotics have many health benefits, which include decreasing intestinal inflammation and UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL A student-run scientic publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal University of Toronto Medical Journal, 1 King’s College Circle, Room 2260, Medical COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescentUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ Volume 94, Number 1, December 2016 1 A student-run scientific publication since 1923 University of Toronto Medical Journal. Table of Contents. Front cover photography by Oksa HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British ColumbiaUTMJ.ORG
UTMJ VOLUME 78 / No 1 DECEMBER 2000 4 Letter to Patrons 5 Preface 8 Patients with Facial Difference: Assessment of Information and Psychosocial Support Needs Karen M. Horton, LornUTMJ.ORG
VOLUME 81 / No 1 DECEMBER 2003 5 Preface 6 Hypertension in Guyana: Lessons from a Health Promotion Program Amy Cheng, Chris Prabhakar, Varun Kapila, Natasha Sukhai and Jose MonzonUTMJ.ORG
65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS 9 Interview. D. r. Rachlis is a graduate of the University of Manitoba . Medical School and completed specialty training in Community Medicine a VOL. 98 NO. 1 (2021): COVID-19 Published: 2021-01-30 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on COVID-19 Yuliya Lytvyn and Maleeha A. Qazi, Editors-in-Chief INFORMATION FOR READERS The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. VOL. 97 NO. 3 (2020): MICROBIOME Published: 2020-06-02 We are thrilled to present Volume 97, Issue 3 of the University of Toronto Medical Journal, which focuses on the important and evolving topic of the Human Microbiome. CONTACT | UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership.SUBMISSIONS
The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. POLYPHARMACY IN THE AGE OF COVID-19: MEDICATION MANAGEMENT Polypharmacy has been implicated in adverse drug events, excessive healthcare spending, and complications in the management of COVID-19. Multimorbid older adults suffer some of the most severe COVID-19 health outcomes and are at the highest risk of polypharmacy. This article aims to highlight the issue of polypharmacy in the context of the current pandemic and suggests several COMMENTARIES VULNERABILITY, SOCIAL TRIAGE AND THE COVID-19 6 UTMJ Volume 98, Number 1, January 2021 Commentaries Vulnerability, social triage and the COVID-19 pandemic Chloe G. K. Atkins,PhD 1; Andrea Whiteley, PhD 1Department of Political Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Ontario Racial and ethnic minorities, and those with lower incomes, have GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF ADOLESCENT The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF ADOLESCENT Adolescence represents one of the most crucial periods of human brain development. This unique neurodevelopmental window involves a complex interplay of synaptic re-modelling, the establishing of cortical and sub-cortical emotional processing and cognitive neural circuits along with a greater propensity for engaging in risky behaviours and experimentation with illicit drugs. PERSPECTIVES VIEWPOINT: THE EMBRYOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF 24 65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS Perspectives IntroductionS ternalis muscle (SM) is recognized by anatomists as a variant muscle of the anterior thoracic wall.1,2 SM has a reported incidence of approximately 3-8% of the popu- UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. COMMENTARY COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRST Volume 9 Number 2 arch 221 31 Commentary COVID-19 pandemic: implications for First Nations communities in Canada Abstract A recent surge of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COMMENTARY WE ARE NOT LIVING THROUGH THE PANDEMIC TOGETHER 9 We are not living through the pandemic together Volume 98 umber 2 arch 2021 Commentary health – housing, food, healthcare, entertainment, and education.34 Capitalism is intrinsically related to physical and mental wellbeing LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF UTM Volume 9, Number 3, une 2020 29 Reviews Lactobacillus reuteri's role in the prevention of colorectal cancer: a review of literature Abstract Background: Probiotics have many health benefits, which include decreasing intestinal inflammation and PHYSICIANS IN PREHOSPITAL CARE: A REVIEW OF THE CLINICAL 49 Physicians in prehospital care: A review of the clinical and economic evidence UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Reviews evidence for the role of physicians in prehospital care. PRIMARY RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES, AND ATTITUDES OF 6 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Primary Research Corresponding Author: Louise Kaplan kaplanla@wsu.edu Knowledge, practices, and attitudes of certified medicalUTMJ.ORG
Created Date: 3/20/2020 9:13:33 PM HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescent REVIEWS THE ROLE OF PLANT-BASED NUTRITION IN PREVENTING 17 Reviews UTMJ • Volume 94, Number 3, June 2017 The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition in Preventing Heart Disease Mariah Madigan, BA, MD Candidate1 1Faculty of Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine Background I UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. COMMENTARY COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRST Volume 9 Number 2 arch 221 31 Commentary COVID-19 pandemic: implications for First Nations communities in Canada Abstract A recent surge of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COMMENTARY WE ARE NOT LIVING THROUGH THE PANDEMIC TOGETHER 9 We are not living through the pandemic together Volume 98 umber 2 arch 2021 Commentary health – housing, food, healthcare, entertainment, and education.34 Capitalism is intrinsically related to physical and mental wellbeing LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI'S ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF UTM Volume 9, Number 3, une 2020 29 Reviews Lactobacillus reuteri's role in the prevention of colorectal cancer: a review of literature Abstract Background: Probiotics have many health benefits, which include decreasing intestinal inflammation and PHYSICIANS IN PREHOSPITAL CARE: A REVIEW OF THE CLINICAL 49 Physicians in prehospital care: A review of the clinical and economic evidence UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Reviews evidence for the role of physicians in prehospital care. PRIMARY RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES, AND ATTITUDES OF 6 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Primary Research Corresponding Author: Louise Kaplan kaplanla@wsu.edu Knowledge, practices, and attitudes of certified medicalUTMJ.ORG
Created Date: 3/20/2020 9:13:33 PM HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescent REVIEWS THE ROLE OF PLANT-BASED NUTRITION IN PREVENTING 17 Reviews UTMJ • Volume 94, Number 3, June 2017 The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition in Preventing Heart Disease Mariah Madigan, BA, MD Candidate1 1Faculty of Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine Background I INFORMATION FOR READERS The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. CONTACT | UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. VOL. 97 NO. 3 (2020): MICROBIOME Published: 2020-06-02. We are thrilled to present Volume 97, Issue 3 of the University of Toronto Medical Journal, which focuses on the important and evolving topic of the Human Microbiome. The Spring 2015 Issue of the University of Toronto Medical Journal first considered the Human Microbiome, exploring this burgeoning field and itspotential
COVID-19: CANADIAN MEDICAL STUDENTS READY TO STEP UP On January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. By April 2, 2020, more than 1 million cases of COVID-19 has been confirmed. Shortages are being experienced around the world and due to inadequacies, physicians are being forced to decide who is more deserving of resources. POLYPHARMACY IN THE AGE OF COVID-19: MEDICATION MANAGEMENT Polypharmacy has been implicated in adverse drug events, excessive healthcare spending, and complications in the management of COVID-19. Multimorbid older adults suffer some of the most severe COVID-19 health outcomes and are at the highest risk of polypharmacy. This article aims to highlight the issue of polypharmacy in the context of the current pandemic and suggests several GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF ADOLESCENT The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF ADOLESCENT Adolescence represents one of the most crucial periods of human brain development. This unique neurodevelopmental window involves a complex interplay of synaptic re-modelling, the establishing of cortical and sub-cortical emotional processing and cognitive neural circuits along with a greater propensity for engaging in risky behaviours and experimentation with illicit drugs. EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR NEGATIVE The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. REVIEWS THE SELDINGER TECHNIQUE: A SHORT HISTORY, AND ITS 31 Reviews The Seldinger Technique: A Short History, and its Applications 60 Years Later UTMJ olume 93, Number 1, December 2015 of arteries were no longer necessary. PERSPECTIVES VIEWPOINT: THE EMBRYOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF 24 65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS Perspectives IntroductionS ternalis muscle (SM) is recognized by anatomists as a variant muscle of the anterior thoracic wall.1,2 SM has a reported incidence of approximately 3-8% of the popu- UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. COMMENTARY COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRST Volume 9 Number 2 arch 221 31 Commentary COVID-19 pandemic: implications for First Nations communities in Canada Abstract A recent surge of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COMMENTARY WE ARE NOT LIVING THROUGH THE PANDEMIC TOGETHER 9 We are not living through the pandemic together Volume 98 umber 2 arch 2021 Commentary health – housing, food, healthcare, entertainment, and education.34 Capitalism is intrinsically related to physical and mental wellbeing PHYSICIANS IN PREHOSPITAL CARE: A REVIEW OF THE CLINICAL 49 Physicians in prehospital care: A review of the clinical and economic evidence UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Reviews evidence for the role of physicians in prehospital care. PRIMARY RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES, AND ATTITUDES OF 6 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Primary Research Corresponding Author: Louise Kaplan kaplanla@wsu.edu Knowledge, practices, and attitudes of certified medicalUTMJ.ORG
Created Date: 3/20/2020 9:13:33 PM COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescent HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British ColumbiaTABLE OF CONTENTS
T Volue 98 uber 2 arch 2021 1 T %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP PREFACE 3 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on Social Determinants of Health REVIEWS THE ROLE OF PLANT-BASED NUTRITION IN PREVENTING 17 Reviews UTMJ • Volume 94, Number 3, June 2017 The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition in Preventing Heart Disease Mariah Madigan, BA, MD Candidate1 1Faculty of Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine Background I UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. We publish original research articles submitted by researchers and medical professionals from around the world. COMMENTARY COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRST Volume 9 Number 2 arch 221 31 Commentary COVID-19 pandemic: implications for First Nations communities in Canada Abstract A recent surge of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COMMENTARY WE ARE NOT LIVING THROUGH THE PANDEMIC TOGETHER 9 We are not living through the pandemic together Volume 98 umber 2 arch 2021 Commentary health – housing, food, healthcare, entertainment, and education.34 Capitalism is intrinsically related to physical and mental wellbeing PHYSICIANS IN PREHOSPITAL CARE: A REVIEW OF THE CLINICAL 49 Physicians in prehospital care: A review of the clinical and economic evidence UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Reviews evidence for the role of physicians in prehospital care. PRIMARY RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES, AND ATTITUDES OF 6 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Primary Research Corresponding Author: Louise Kaplan kaplanla@wsu.edu Knowledge, practices, and attitudes of certified medicalUTMJ.ORG
Created Date: 3/20/2020 9:13:33 PM COMMENTARIES GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF 78 UTMJ Volume 96, Number 3, June 2019 Commentaries Corresponding Author: Steven R. Laviolette steven.laviolette@schulich.uwo.ca Growing up high: Understanding the impacts of adolescent HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS US DRUG POLICY: LESSONS FOR CANADA 106 UTMJ Volume 90 Number 3 March 2013 Health Policy and Economics US Drug Policy: Lessons for Canada. Daniel Heffner, B.Sc (Pharm), Faculty of Medicine, University of British ColumbiaTABLE OF CONTENTS
T Volue 98 uber 2 arch 2021 1 T %WXYHIRX VYRWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWMRGI 9RMZIVWMX]SJ8SVSRXS1IHMGEP.SYVREP PREFACE 3 Introduction to 98th volume of the University of Toronto Medical Journal Issue on Social Determinants of Health REVIEWS THE ROLE OF PLANT-BASED NUTRITION IN PREVENTING 17 Reviews UTMJ • Volume 94, Number 3, June 2017 The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition in Preventing Heart Disease Mariah Madigan, BA, MD Candidate1 1Faculty of Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine Background I INFORMATION FOR READERS The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. CONTACT | UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MEDICAL JOURNAL The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. VOL. 97 NO. 3 (2020): MICROBIOME Published: 2020-06-02 We are thrilled to present Volume 97, Issue 3 of the University of Toronto Medical Journal, which focuses on the important and evolving topic of the Human Microbiome. COVID-19: CANADIAN MEDICAL STUDENTS READY TO STEP UP On January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. By April 2, 2020, more than 1 million cases of COVID-19 has been confirmed. Shortages are being experienced around the world and due to inadequacies, physicians are being forced to decide who is more deserving of resources. POLYPHARMACY IN THE AGE OF COVID-19: MEDICATION MANAGEMENT Polypharmacy has been implicated in adverse drug events, excessive healthcare spending, and complications in the management of COVID-19. Multimorbid older adults suffer some of the most severe COVID-19 health outcomes and are at the highest risk of polypharmacy. This article aims to highlight the issue of polypharmacy in the context of the current pandemic and suggests several GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF ADOLESCENT The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. GROWING UP HIGH: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF ADOLESCENT Adolescence represents one of the most crucial periods of human brain development. This unique neurodevelopmental window involves a complex interplay of synaptic re-modelling, the establishing of cortical and sub-cortical emotional processing and cognitive neural circuits along with a greater propensity for engaging in risky behaviours and experimentation with illicit drugs. EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR NEGATIVE The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership. REVIEWS THE SELDINGER TECHNIQUE: A SHORT HISTORY, AND ITS 31 Reviews The Seldinger Technique: A Short History, and its Applications 60 Years Later UTMJ olume 93, Number 1, December 2015 of arteries were no longer necessary. PERSPECTIVES VIEWPOINT: THE EMBRYOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF 24 65.+t7PMVNF /VNCFS %FDFNCFS Perspectives IntroductionS ternalis muscle (SM) is recognized by anatomists as a variant muscle of the anterior thoracic wall.1,2 SM has a reported incidence of approximately 3-8% of the popu- This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on ourwebsite.
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Vol. 98 No. 2 (2021): Social Determinants of Health CURRENTISSUEINFOAUTHOREditors
Yuliya Lytvyn | Maleeha A. QaziJOURNAL INFORMATION
LANGUAGE: English
FREQUENCY: 3 issues/yearISSN: 1913-5440
ABOUT THE JOURNAL
The University of Toronto Medical Journal (UTMJ) was established in 1923 and is Canada's oldest student run medical journal. The UTMJ publishes scholarly articles on a variety of important and timely topics that are relevant to our international readership.Read More
CURRENT ISSUE
Vol. 98 No. 2 (2021): Social Determinants of Health PUBLISHED: 2021-04-11 There is substantial evidence that social and economic factors - such as poverty, lack of education, precarious working conditions, and racial discrimination to name a few - play a profound role in creating access barriers to healthcare services and contribute to poor health outcomes.1 These factors, widely recognized as the social determinants of health, are shaped by the unequal distribution of resources and power based on social identity and location. Ultimately, social determinants of health form the foundation for the widening health disparities experienced by structurally underserved communities worldwide.2,3 In Canada, for example, people with lower income have shorter life expectancies4; and racialized populations experience higher rates of chronic diseases (e.g., hypertension and diabetes) and medical racism with negative impacts on mental and physical health.5,6 The COVID-19 pandemic has shone a spotlight on the structural drivers of health inequities and has emphasized the importance of understanding the relationship between social conditions and health outcomes. It cannot be denied that the virus is a shared enemy threatening the safety and well-being of the entire world. The health burdens, experiences, and outcomes, however, are not the same for everyone. This public health crisis has reinforced and exacerbated long existing inequities and chronic disinvestment in public health, which has resulted in certain communities (e.g., Black and Indigenous communities, low-income residents, individuals experiencing homelessness, immigrants and refugees, and essential workers) to be disproportionately impacted by higher rates of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and mortality.5 For our issue on Social Determinants of Health, UTMJ invited Professor Arjumand Siddiqi, Canada Research Chair in Population Health Equity, and Falan Bennett, MPH Candidate at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, to reflect on social inequalities perpetuated further during the COVID-19 pandemic. They discuss the role racism and capitalism have played in differential health outcomes for communities in Canada and provide solutions that prioritize health equity over economicbenefits.
UTMJ also had the privilege to interview a number of highly respected leaders in the fields of healthcare advocacy and policy, primary care, and global health. Interviewees shared their insights into leadership strategies and the impact social determinants of health, further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has had on patient wellbeing and our society as a whole. Dr. Allan Grill, the Chief of Family Medicine at Markham Stouffville Hospital shared his insights into developing a strategy for the Long-term Care facilities in Markham, Ontario at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dr. Danielle Martin, the Executive Vice-President and Chief Medical Executive of Women's College Hospital, discussed her career trajectory towards becoming a leader in healthcare policy and provided advice on how individual physicians can mitigate the impact of social determinants of health on their patients. Next, UTMJ spoke with Dr. James Owen, a family physician at St Michael's Hospital, whose practice focuses on HIV primary care and prevention, 2SLGBTQIA+ health, and the care of vulnerable populations. In his interview, he discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the way physicians connect with their patients and the important role patients can play in healthcare policy design and implementation. Another interviewee was Dr. Kwame McKenzie, CEO of the Wellesley Institute, Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Toronto, and the Director of Health Equity at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. With his interview, the focuses on the fallout we expect from the COVID-19 pandemic, especially its impact on mental health outcomes and urges for a proactive strategy to provide essential healthcare services for mental wellbeing. Finally, the UTMJ also interviewed Dr. Rachel Spitzer, paediatric and adolescent gynaecologist at Mount Sinai Hospital, who discusses the impact social determinants of health and the COVID-19 pandemic has had on this unique patient population. The UTMJ takes pride in supporting manuscript submission by trainees all over the world. In this issue, Emily Snook from the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Kelly Perlman from the Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University received the first prize trainee submission award. Their co-authored paper, entitled “A systematic meta-review of predictors of adverse effect development in response to antidepressant medications,” reviewed genetic and non-genetic factors that contribute to antidepressant induced adverse effects, which may help with clinical decision making regarding optimal antidepressant therapy for patients. This is the second issue of the University of Toronto Medical Journal’s 98th volume. We would like to sincerely thank our dedicated editorial team for all the hard work that went into preparing this issue, and their continued efforts in the upcoming issue. We are grateful for the patrons and faculty that continue to support the University of Toronto Medical Journal and the authors that have allowed us to showcase their important work and provided insight into the role social determinants play in influencing health outcomes. We hope that you find this issue informative andthought-provoking.
References
* Social determinants of health and health inequalities . Canada: Government of Canada; c2020 . Health.Available from:
https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/health-promotion/population-health/what-determines-health.html. * National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States. Te Root Causes of Health Inequity. In: Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity. Baciu A, Negussie Y, Geller A, et al., editors. Washington (DC): National Academies Press(US); 2017.
* Mikkonen J, Raphael D. Social Determinants of Health: Te Canadian Facts. Toronto: York University School of Health Policy andManagement; 2010.
* Bushnik T, Tjepkema M, Martel L. Socioeconomic disparities in life and health expectancy among the household population in Canada . Canada: Statistics Canada; c2020 .Available from:
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-003-x/2020001/article/00001-eng.htm. * Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (Public health Ontario). COVID-19 – What we know so far about... social determinants of health. Toronto, ON: Queen’s Printer for Ontario;2020
* Gore D, Kothari A. Social determinants of health in Canada: Are healthy living initiatives there yet? A policy analysis. International Journal for Equity in Health. 2012;11(1), 41.FULL ISSUE
Cover Table of
Contents Preface
Staff
Awards
COMMENTARIES
WE ARE NOT LIVING THROUGH THE PANDEMIC TOGETHER Falan Bennett, Arjumand SiddiqiRESOURCEFUL?
Pranav Tandon
A DEEPER DISCUSSION
Jonathan Breslin, Jill OliverAngela Hu
Simisola Johnson
Imaan Kherani
NORTHERN ONTARIO
Cole Anderson, Cale Leeson, Alexandra Valcourt, Diana UrajnikHEALTH CRISES
Nicholas Taylor
PRIMARY RESEARCH
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 48 EARLY SARS-COV-2 GENOMES Maggie Xiao, Dylan WhitneyREVIEWS
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACE2 AND SARS-COV INFECTION IN ANIMAL MODELS Rana Kamhawy, April (YiChen) Liu, Kyrillos Faragalla, Dr. Gurmit Singh, Dr. Gilmar Reis, Dr. Lehana ThabaneFUTURE DIRECTIONS
Zaid Salaheen
CASE REPORT
SUGAMMADEX AS THE REVERSAL AGENT FOR ROCURONIUM IN A PATIENT WITH AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT CEREBELLAR ATAXIA: A CASE REPORTKate Koh
INTERVIEWS
LONG-TERM CARE CRISIS LEADERSHIP DURING COVID-19: AN INTERVIEW WITHDR. ALLAN GRILL
Sabrina Campbell
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Vol. 98 No. 2 (2021): Social Determinants of Health CURRENTISSUEINFOAUTHOREditors
Yuliya Lytvyn | Maleeha A. QaziJOURNAL INFORMATION
LANGUAGE: English
FREQUENCY: 3 issues/yearISSN: 1913-5440
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