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SARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years JOSEPHINE AND HER ROSE GARDEN Josephine Bonaparte (1763-1814) was born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. They had two children, a son SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London News SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor.HANNAH GRIFFITTS
Philadelphia Poet (1727-1817) The American Revolution forced colonists to choose between England and the King, colonial homes and families, and even religious convictions. To support the war was to refute the King, to oppose the war was to deny one’s homeland. For Pennsylvania Quakers (members of the Society of Friends), those decisions were further complicated by their belief in nonviolenceANNE HULTON
British Loyalist in the American Colonies Image: Shot Heard ‘Round The World Anne Hulton was a sister of Boston’s commissioner of customs and, like some 15 to 35 percent of the white colonial population, a British Loyalist. Loyalists were American colonists who remained loyal to Great Britain during and after the Revolutionary War. They were often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or King WIDOWS OF GETTYSBURG Wives of Generals Killed at Gettysburg Image: Barksdale’s Charge by Don Troiani Confederate General William Barksdale – his hat off, his long white hair blowing in the wind – led his Mississippi brigade into battle to break the Union Line on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. This action would forever after be known as the grandest charge ever made by mortal man. NarcissaANNEKE JANS
Dutch Woman in New Amsterdam Anneke Webber was an early Dutch colonist in New Amsterdam and New Netherland. She was born in Norway in 1605. She married Roeloff Jans in Amsterdam, Holland, on Friday, April 18, 1623. They had six children. Her name became well-known because of the many lawsuits concerning her farm, which was claimed by her heirs andthe Trinity
JANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
LYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeSARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years JOSEPHINE AND HER ROSE GARDEN Josephine Bonaparte (1763-1814) was born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. They had two children, a son SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London News SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor.HANNAH GRIFFITTS
Philadelphia Poet (1727-1817) The American Revolution forced colonists to choose between England and the King, colonial homes and families, and even religious convictions. To support the war was to refute the King, to oppose the war was to deny one’s homeland. For Pennsylvania Quakers (members of the Society of Friends), those decisions were further complicated by their belief in nonviolenceANNE HULTON
British Loyalist in the American Colonies Image: Shot Heard ‘Round The World Anne Hulton was a sister of Boston’s commissioner of customs and, like some 15 to 35 percent of the white colonial population, a British Loyalist. Loyalists were American colonists who remained loyal to Great Britain during and after the Revolutionary War. They were often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or King WIDOWS OF GETTYSBURG Wives of Generals Killed at Gettysburg Image: Barksdale’s Charge by Don Troiani Confederate General William Barksdale – his hat off, his long white hair blowing in the wind – led his Mississippi brigade into battle to break the Union Line on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. This action would forever after be known as the grandest charge ever made by mortal man. NarcissaANNEKE JANS
Dutch Woman in New Amsterdam Anneke Webber was an early Dutch colonist in New Amsterdam and New Netherland. She was born in Norway in 1605. She married Roeloff Jans in Amsterdam, Holland, on Friday, April 18, 1623. They had six children. Her name became well-known because of the many lawsuits concerning her farm, which was claimed by her heirs andthe Trinity
JANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
LYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeLYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middleHANNAH GRIFFITTS
Philadelphia Poet (1727-1817) The American Revolution forced colonists to choose between England and the King, colonial homes and families, and even religious convictions. To support the war was to refute the King, to oppose the war was to deny one’s homeland. For Pennsylvania Quakers (members of the Society of Friends), those decisions were further complicated by their belief in nonviolenceMARY PUTNAM JACOBI
Pioneer for Women in the Medical Professions Mary Putnam Jacobi was a prominent physician, author, scientist, activist, educator, and perhaps most importantly, a staunch advocate of women’s right to seek medical education and training. Men in medicine claimed that a medical education would make women physically ill, and that women physicians endangered their profession. Jacobi worked toFLORIDE CLEMSON
Floride Elizabeth Clemson was born in 1842, at “Fort Hill,” her grandfather’s estate, near Pendleton, South Carolina. She was educated at a women’s academy in Columbia, South Carolina. Floride Clemson Lee Floride’s father, Thomas Green Clemson, a native Pennsylvanian, was educated in Paris. He was a scientist and a farmer. He combined his two loves and, for most of his lifeGEORGEANNA WOOLSEY
Civil War Nurse from New York Georgeanna Woolsey was young and single when the Civil War began. Shortly thereafter, the Woman’s Central Relief Association – part of the U.S. Sanitary Commission – began organizing a nursing staff. In May 1861 Woolsey was one of one hundred women selected to become a volunteer nurse for the Union Army. With no prior medical training, she was sent to New MARY KIES | HISTORY OF AMERICAN WOMEN Woman Inventor: First to be Granted a U.S. Patent Mary Kies was an early 19th-century American who received the first patent granted to a woman by the United States Patent and Trademark Office, on May 5, 1809. Kies had invented a new technique for weaving straw with silk or thread, and First Lady Dolley Madison praised her for boosting the nation’s hat industry. Unfortunately, the patent 19TH CENTURY MIDWIVES Midwives in 19th Century America Childbirth in the American Colonies Childbirth in colonial America was a difficult and sometimes dangerous experience for a woman. Since the typical mother gave birth to between five and eight children, her lifetime chances of dying in childbirth ran as high as 1 in 8. Death in childbirth was sufficiently common that many colonial women regarded pregnancy withMARY MARSHALL
Wife of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court John Marshall Image: Mary Willis Ambler Marshall Portrait circa 1790 Mary Willis Ambler was born March 18, 1766, in Yorktown, Virginia. She was the second of five girls born to Rebecca Burwell and Jacquelin Ambler, a prominent Yorktown family, and was part of the bustling life of the port city and the nearby colonial capital of Williamsburg. Mary ELIZABETH ARCHER RENICK Elizabeth Archer, daughter of Rebecca Thompson and Sampson Archer, had come from northern Ireland in 1737 with her family, who took claim to 1000 acres near Natural Bridge, VA. In 1741, Elizabeth married Robert Renick, who had settled in Augusta County, VA, inSARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor. JOSEPHINE AND HER ROSE GARDEN Josephine Bonaparte (1763-1814) was born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. They had two children, a son SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London NewsHANNAH GRIFFITTS
Philadelphia Poet (1727-1817) The American Revolution forced colonists to choose between England and the King, colonial homes and families, and even religious convictions. To support the war was to refute the King, to oppose the war was to deny one’s homeland. For Pennsylvania Quakers (members of the Society of Friends), those decisions were further complicated by their belief in nonviolence WIDOWS OF GETTYSBURG Wives of Generals Killed at Gettysburg Image: Barksdale’s Charge by Don Troiani Confederate General William Barksdale – his hat off, his long white hair blowing in the wind – led his Mississippi brigade into battle to break the Union Line on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. This action would forever after be known as the grandest charge ever made by mortal man. NarcissaANNEKE JANS
Dutch Woman in New Amsterdam Anneke Webber was an early Dutch colonist in New Amsterdam and New Netherland. She was born in Norway in 1605. She married Roeloff Jans in Amsterdam, Holland, on Friday, April 18, 1623. They had six children. Her name became well-known because of the many lawsuits concerning her farm, which was claimed by her heirs andthe Trinity
JANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
LYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeMARY MARSHALL
Wife of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court John Marshall Image: Mary Willis Ambler Marshall Portrait circa 1790 Mary Willis Ambler was born March 18, 1766, in Yorktown, Virginia. She was the second of five girls born to Rebecca Burwell and Jacquelin Ambler, a prominent Yorktown family, and was part of the bustling life of the port city and the nearby colonial capital of Williamsburg. MarySARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor. JOSEPHINE AND HER ROSE GARDEN Josephine Bonaparte (1763-1814) was born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. They had two children, a son SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London NewsHANNAH GRIFFITTS
Philadelphia Poet (1727-1817) The American Revolution forced colonists to choose between England and the King, colonial homes and families, and even religious convictions. To support the war was to refute the King, to oppose the war was to deny one’s homeland. For Pennsylvania Quakers (members of the Society of Friends), those decisions were further complicated by their belief in nonviolence WIDOWS OF GETTYSBURG Wives of Generals Killed at Gettysburg Image: Barksdale’s Charge by Don Troiani Confederate General William Barksdale – his hat off, his long white hair blowing in the wind – led his Mississippi brigade into battle to break the Union Line on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. This action would forever after be known as the grandest charge ever made by mortal man. NarcissaANNEKE JANS
Dutch Woman in New Amsterdam Anneke Webber was an early Dutch colonist in New Amsterdam and New Netherland. She was born in Norway in 1605. She married Roeloff Jans in Amsterdam, Holland, on Friday, April 18, 1623. They had six children. Her name became well-known because of the many lawsuits concerning her farm, which was claimed by her heirs andthe Trinity
JANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
LYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeMARY MARSHALL
Wife of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court John Marshall Image: Mary Willis Ambler Marshall Portrait circa 1790 Mary Willis Ambler was born March 18, 1766, in Yorktown, Virginia. She was the second of five girls born to Rebecca Burwell and Jacquelin Ambler, a prominent Yorktown family, and was part of the bustling life of the port city and the nearby colonial capital of Williamsburg. MaryLYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middleHANNAH GRIFFITTS
Philadelphia Poet (1727-1817) The American Revolution forced colonists to choose between England and the King, colonial homes and families, and even religious convictions. To support the war was to refute the King, to oppose the war was to deny one’s homeland. For Pennsylvania Quakers (members of the Society of Friends), those decisions were further complicated by their belief in nonviolenceANNE HULTON
British Loyalist in the American Colonies Image: Shot Heard ‘Round The World Anne Hulton was a sister of Boston’s commissioner of customs and, like some 15 to 35 percent of the white colonial population, a British Loyalist. Loyalists were American colonists who remained loyal to Great Britain during and after the Revolutionary War. They were often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or KingMARY PUTNAM JACOBI
Pioneer for Women in the Medical Professions Mary Putnam Jacobi was a prominent physician, author, scientist, activist, educator, and perhaps most importantly, a staunch advocate of women’s right to seek medical education and training. Men in medicine claimed that a medical education would make women physically ill, and that women physicians endangered their profession. Jacobi worked toFLORIDE CLEMSON
Floride Elizabeth Clemson was born in 1842, at “Fort Hill,” her grandfather’s estate, near Pendleton, South Carolina. She was educated at a women’s academy in Columbia, South Carolina. Floride Clemson Lee Floride’s father, Thomas Green Clemson, a native Pennsylvanian, was educated in Paris. He was a scientist and a farmer. He combined his two loves and, for most of his lifeGEORGEANNA WOOLSEY
Civil War Nurse from New York Georgeanna Woolsey was young and single when the Civil War began. Shortly thereafter, the Woman’s Central Relief Association – part of the U.S. Sanitary Commission – began organizing a nursing staff. In May 1861 Woolsey was one of one hundred women selected to become a volunteer nurse for the Union Army. With no prior medical training, she was sent to New MARY KIES | HISTORY OF AMERICAN WOMEN Woman Inventor: First to be Granted a U.S. Patent Mary Kies was an early 19th-century American who received the first patent granted to a woman by the United States Patent and Trademark Office, on May 5, 1809. Kies had invented a new technique for weaving straw with silk or thread, and First Lady Dolley Madison praised her for boosting the nation’s hat industry. Unfortunately, the patent 19TH CENTURY MIDWIVES Midwives in 19th Century America Childbirth in the American Colonies Childbirth in colonial America was a difficult and sometimes dangerous experience for a woman. Since the typical mother gave birth to between five and eight children, her lifetime chances of dying in childbirth ran as high as 1 in 8. Death in childbirth was sufficiently common that many colonial women regarded pregnancy with ELIZABETH ARCHER RENICK Elizabeth Archer, daughter of Rebecca Thompson and Sampson Archer, had come from northern Ireland in 1737 with her family, who took claim to 1000 acres near Natural Bridge, VA. In 1741, Elizabeth married Robert Renick, who had settled in Augusta County, VA, inSARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London News AMELIA STEWART KNIGHT Women Settled the West Starting from Monroe County, Iowa, April 9, 1853 and ending Near Milwaukie, Oregon Territory, September 17, 1853, Amelia Stewart Knight, her husband, and seven children traveled the Oregon Trail searching for a new home in the Pacific Northwest. Early Years Amelia Stewart was born in Boston, Massachusetts in January 1817. Her future husband, Joel Knight, had been born in MARY KIES | HISTORY OF AMERICAN WOMEN Woman Inventor: First to be Granted a U.S. Patent Mary Kies was an early 19th-century American who received the first patent granted to a woman by the United States Patent and Trademark Office, on May 5, 1809. Kies had invented a new technique for weaving straw with silk or thread, and First Lady Dolley Madison praised her for boosting the nation’s hat industry. Unfortunately, the patentELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middleMARY PUTNAM JACOBI
Pioneer for Women in the Medical Professions Mary Putnam Jacobi was a prominent physician, author, scientist, activist, educator, and perhaps most importantly, a staunch advocate of women’s right to seek medical education and training. Men in medicine claimed that a medical education would make women physically ill, and that women physicians endangered their profession. Jacobi worked toCIVIL WAR NURSES
Lizzie Aiken. September 22, 2006 • Maggie. Union Nurse from Illinois A Civil War nurse, her birth name was Eliza Atherton. She was born on March 24, 1817 in the town of Auburn, New York. Her maternal grandfather was John Ward who was related to General Artemus Ward, a leader of the American Revolution. In March of 1826, Lizzie’spaternal
ELIZABETH HUTCHINSON JACKSON Elizabeth Hutchinson Jackson Marker Mother of President Andrew Jackson Elizabeth Hutchinson was born circa 1740 in Carrickfergus, County Antrim, Ireland. She was the daughter of Francis Cyrus Hobart Hutchinson and Margret Lisle of Royston. Andrew Jackson, Sr. was born about 1730 in northern Ireland. Elizabeth and Andrew were married in Carrickfergus circa 1761, and the couple emigrated to SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor.JANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
SARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London News AMELIA STEWART KNIGHT Women Settled the West Starting from Monroe County, Iowa, April 9, 1853 and ending Near Milwaukie, Oregon Territory, September 17, 1853, Amelia Stewart Knight, her husband, and seven children traveled the Oregon Trail searching for a new home in the Pacific Northwest. Early Years Amelia Stewart was born in Boston, Massachusetts in January 1817. Her future husband, Joel Knight, had been born in MARY KIES | HISTORY OF AMERICAN WOMEN Woman Inventor: First to be Granted a U.S. Patent Mary Kies was an early 19th-century American who received the first patent granted to a woman by the United States Patent and Trademark Office, on May 5, 1809. Kies had invented a new technique for weaving straw with silk or thread, and First Lady Dolley Madison praised her for boosting the nation’s hat industry. Unfortunately, the patentELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middleMARY PUTNAM JACOBI
Pioneer for Women in the Medical Professions Mary Putnam Jacobi was a prominent physician, author, scientist, activist, educator, and perhaps most importantly, a staunch advocate of women’s right to seek medical education and training. Men in medicine claimed that a medical education would make women physically ill, and that women physicians endangered their profession. Jacobi worked toCIVIL WAR NURSES
Lizzie Aiken. September 22, 2006 • Maggie. Union Nurse from Illinois A Civil War nurse, her birth name was Eliza Atherton. She was born on March 24, 1817 in the town of Auburn, New York. Her maternal grandfather was John Ward who was related to General Artemus Ward, a leader of the American Revolution. In March of 1826, Lizzie’spaternal
ELIZABETH HUTCHINSON JACKSON Elizabeth Hutchinson Jackson Marker Mother of President Andrew Jackson Elizabeth Hutchinson was born circa 1740 in Carrickfergus, County Antrim, Ireland. She was the daughter of Francis Cyrus Hobart Hutchinson and Margret Lisle of Royston. Andrew Jackson, Sr. was born about 1730 in northern Ireland. Elizabeth and Andrew were married in Carrickfergus circa 1761, and the couple emigrated to SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor.JANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
MARY PUTNAM JACOBI
Pioneer for Women in the Medical Professions Mary Putnam Jacobi was a prominent physician, author, scientist, activist, educator, and perhaps most importantly, a staunch advocate of women’s right to seek medical education and training. Men in medicine claimed that a medical education would make women physically ill, and that women physicians endangered their profession. Jacobi worked to DIARIES OF CIVIL WAR NURSES Volunteer Nurses: Forgotten Heroes of the Civil War At the beginning of the war, women in all walks of life saw the need for nurses and simply showed up at military hospitals. A few of the more famous nurses kept a written record of their experiences, including Hannah Ropes, Jane Stuart Woolsey, Kate Cumming and Katharine Prescott Wormeley. Some are merely names on lists in dusty governmentELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middle AMELIA STEWART KNIGHT Women Settled the West Starting from Monroe County, Iowa, April 9, 1853 and ending Near Milwaukie, Oregon Territory, September 17, 1853, Amelia Stewart Knight, her husband, and seven children traveled the Oregon Trail searching for a new home in the Pacific Northwest. Early Years Amelia Stewart was born in Boston, Massachusetts in January 1817. Her future husband, Joel Knight, had been born in JOSEPHINE AND HER ROSE GARDEN Josephine Bonaparte (1763-1814) was born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. They had two children, a son MADELINE LA FRAMBOISE Native American Bussinesswoman La Framboise was one of the most successful fur traders in Michigan, while it was still considered the Northwest Territory. At that time, fur trading was a difficult, dangerous and male-dominated occupation. Madame La Framboise was one of the most prominent early businesswomen in the territory. Madeline Marcotte was born in February 1780 at Mackinac Island, theJANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
LYDIA HAMILTON SMITH Lydia Hamilton was born in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on February 14, 1815, to an African mother and Irish father. She married a free black man named Jacob Smith and bore two sons but they separated before he died in 1852 and she raised the children alone. Thaddeus Stevens was born in Danville, Vermont, on April 4, 1792. SLAVERY IN SOUTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in South Carolina Image: Plantation Dance in South Carolina This well-known watercolor by an unidentified artist depicts people presumed to be plantation slaves dancing and playing musical instruments. It gives a rare view of African American life in South Carolina during the colonial period. The women are wearing head wraps and gowns with fitted bodices and long full skirts UNDERGROUND RAILROAD IN RHODE ISLAND Runaways Escaped to Freedom in Rhode Island Image: Elizabeth Buffum Chace House A station on the Underground Railroad Valley Falls, Rhode Island The Underground Railroad (UGRR) was a secret system of helping fugitive slaves escape to free states or Canada by hiding them in a succession of private homes by day and moving them farther north by night. In the 1830s, the small state of RhodeSARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years JOSEPHINE AND HER ROSE GARDEN Josephine Bonaparte (1763-1814) was born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. They had two children, a son SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor.ELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middle SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London NewsANNEKE JANS
Dutch Woman in New Amsterdam Anneke Webber was an early Dutch colonist in New Amsterdam and New Netherland. She was born in Norway in 1605. She married Roeloff Jans in Amsterdam, Holland, on Friday, April 18, 1623. They had six children. Her name became well-known because of the many lawsuits concerning her farm, which was claimed by her heirs andthe Trinity
WIDOWS OF GETTYSBURG Wives of Generals Killed at Gettysburg Image: Barksdale’s Charge by Don Troiani Confederate General William Barksdale – his hat off, his long white hair blowing in the wind – led his Mississippi brigade into battle to break the Union Line on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. This action would forever after be known as the grandest charge ever made by mortal man. NarcissaJANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
MARY MARSHALL
Wife of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court John Marshall Image: Mary Willis Ambler Marshall Portrait circa 1790 Mary Willis Ambler was born March 18, 1766, in Yorktown, Virginia. She was the second of five girls born to Rebecca Burwell and Jacquelin Ambler, a prominent Yorktown family, and was part of the bustling life of the port city and the nearby colonial capital of Williamsburg. MaryLYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeSARAH WAKEFIELD
Indian Captive in Minnesota Wakefield was one of over 100 white women and children who were captured along the Minnesota River in the Dakota War in the late summer and early fall of 1862. Wakefield spent six weeks living among the Mdewakanton Dakota, often in danger from those who felt captives should be killed, but a brave named Chaska intervened on her behalf. The Dakota War In the years JOSEPHINE AND HER ROSE GARDEN Josephine Bonaparte (1763-1814) was born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. They had two children, a son SLAVERY IN NEW AMSTERDAM The use of African slaves began in the 1400s, when Europeans began buying prisoners of war from African kings. By the time New Amsterdam was founded, Europeans were used to the idea of African slaves. Europeans believed that people were born to a certain role in life, whether they were white or black, male or female, rich or poor.ELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middle SLAVERY IN NORTH CAROLINA History of Slavery in North Carolina Image: Illustration shows white children playing with a black child, and “represents the old Negro servants of the planter’s family among his children. The children of the family grow up among the Negro domestic servants, and often learn to regard them with as much affection as they show their own parents.” Source: The Illustrated London NewsANNEKE JANS
Dutch Woman in New Amsterdam Anneke Webber was an early Dutch colonist in New Amsterdam and New Netherland. She was born in Norway in 1605. She married Roeloff Jans in Amsterdam, Holland, on Friday, April 18, 1623. They had six children. Her name became well-known because of the many lawsuits concerning her farm, which was claimed by her heirs andthe Trinity
WIDOWS OF GETTYSBURG Wives of Generals Killed at Gettysburg Image: Barksdale’s Charge by Don Troiani Confederate General William Barksdale – his hat off, his long white hair blowing in the wind – led his Mississippi brigade into battle to break the Union Line on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. This action would forever after be known as the grandest charge ever made by mortal man. NarcissaJANE STUART WOOLSEY
Jane Stuart Woolsey was born in Connecticut in 1830, the second daughter of Charles and Jane Eliza Woolsey. She had seven sisters and one brother. In 1840 her father died, but the family lived in relative comfort in New York City, supported by relatives and inheritances. Jane was raised by a mother who hated slavery, although her ancestorsfor
MARY MARSHALL
Wife of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court John Marshall Image: Mary Willis Ambler Marshall Portrait circa 1790 Mary Willis Ambler was born March 18, 1766, in Yorktown, Virginia. She was the second of five girls born to Rebecca Burwell and Jacquelin Ambler, a prominent Yorktown family, and was part of the bustling life of the port city and the nearby colonial capital of Williamsburg. MaryLYDIA MULLIKEN
Sweetheart of Patriot Dr. Samuel Prescott Lydia Mulliken was born sometime in 1753. Samuel Prescott was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1751. He had an older brother, Abel, Jr., and a sister, Lucy. In those days, there was no medical school, so young Samuel apprenticed with his father, Dr. Abel Prescott, for seven years. He opened his medical practice in Concord shortly beforeELIZABETH MURRAY
Independent Colonial Woman Born in Scotland in 1726 and orphaned by 1737, Elizabeth Murray immigrated to the American colonies at age 22 and settled on her own in Boston, Massachusetts, where she ran a successful dry goods shop during the 1750s. Shopkeeping was a typical business for many women of her era – there were very few jobs open to unmarried women who aspired to a middle WIDOWS OF GETTYSBURG Wives of Generals Killed at Gettysburg Image: Barksdale’s Charge by Don Troiani Confederate General William Barksdale – his hat off, his long white hair blowing in the wind – led his Mississippi brigade into battle to break the Union Line on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. This action would forever after be known as the grandest charge ever made by mortal man. NarcissaFLORIDE CLEMSON
Floride Elizabeth Clemson was born in 1842, at “Fort Hill,” her grandfather’s estate, near Pendleton, South Carolina. She was educated at a women’s academy in Columbia, South Carolina. Floride Clemson Lee Floride’s father, Thomas Green Clemson, a native Pennsylvanian, was educated in Paris. He was a scientist and a farmer. He combined his two loves and, for most of his lifeFRANCES CLAYTON
Female Soldier in the Civil War Several hundred women disguised themselves as men and took the bold step of leaving the comforts of home to serve their country during the Civil War. Frances Clalin Clayton disguised herself as a man and took the name Jack Williams in order to fight in the army. For several months, she served in Missouri artillery and cavalry corps. Frances Clalin was born inHARRIET POWERS
Using the applique technique, Powers told stories with her quilts, depicting scenes from the Bible and events in American history. Harriet Powers was born a slave on October 29, 1837 near Athens, Georgia, and was raised as a slave. For most of her life she lived inELIZABETH ZANE
Revolutionary War HeroineDetails
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