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elections.
THE ROLE OF ELECTION OBSERVATION Over the last three decades, a global movement of nonpartisan citizen election monitoring has collectively mobilized millions of citizens around the world to participate in their countries’ democratic processes as election observers. When citizens come together to observe elections, they may have a number of goals. Depending on the context, civil society might mobilize to observe an electionELECTION RESULTS
ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTIONVOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS)ELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION LES CAMPAGNES ELECTORALES OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE Apply Open Data Principles. How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important inelections.
THE ROLE OF ELECTION OBSERVATION Over the last three decades, a global movement of nonpartisan citizen election monitoring has collectively mobilized millions of citizens around the world to participate in their countries’ democratic processes as election observers. When citizens come together to observe elections, they may have a number of goals. Depending on the context, civil society might mobilize to observe an electionELECTION RESULTS
ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTIONVOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS)ELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION LES CAMPAGNES ELECTORALES A GENTLE INTRODUCTION TO SUMMARIZING DATA Here we’ve made a quick chart that plots the height of each animal: To calculate the Average height (in cm) we sum up all the values and divide by the total count of observations: Average height = (181 + 175 + 159 + 177 + 165) ÷ 5 = 857 ÷ 5 = 171.4. The average value for height is 171.4 centimeters.ELECTION CAMPAIGNS
Election campaigns are the means by which candidates and political parties prepare and present their ideas and positions on issues to the voters in the period preceding election day. Contestants use a variety of techniques to reach voters and deliver their messages, including through traditional and new media, public events, written materials LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
POLLING STATIONS
Polling stations are where voters are assigned to cast their ballot on election day. They are typically the place at which the votes are counted and entered into the official results sheet. Thus, polling stations are also the fundamental “unit of analysis” for anindividual
WHAT ARE CREDIBLE ELECTIONS? Credible elections are characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness.1 For a more detailed discussion of these principles, see Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section Two (2008), also published as Chapter One in International Election Principles: Democracy & the Rule of Law (JHVOTER LISTS
A voter list is a detailed record of every person who is registered (see Voter Registration) and eligible to vote. The voter list also includes relevant information used to identify voters and assign them to a specific electoral district (see Electoral Boundaries) and polling station (see Polling Stations ). A master voter list isdivided into
REVIEWING A POLLING STATION LIST In this tutorial, we’re going to look over a list of polling stations. After getting a feel for what kind of data is contained in the dataset, we’re going to use Excel to make a pivot table so we can explore the data and, in particular, to determine the number of polling stations and QU'EST-CE QUE DES ÉLECTIONS CRÉDIBLES? Des élections crédibles sont caractérisées par l’inclusion, la transparence, la responsabilité, et la compétitivité.1 Pour une discussion plus détaillée de ces principes, voir Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section 2 (2008) (Promouvoir des Cadres Juridiques pour des Elections Démocratiques: Un Guide NDI UNE DOUCE INTRODUCTION À LA SYNTHÈSE DE DONNÉES Dans ce tutoriel, nous allons définir certains termes et concepts communs, y compris les types et catégories basiques de données. Ensuite, nous allons apprendre à décrire un ensemble de données. À la fin, vous serez prêt à approcher les concepts décrits ici et les utiliser pour synthétiserla liste de bureaux de vote dans lemodule suivant.
CENTROS DE VOTACIÓN Los centros de votación son los lugares a donde se asignan los votantes para que emitan su voto durante la jornada electoral. Normalmente son el lugar en el que se cuentan los votos y se registran en una hoja oficial de resultados. Por lo tanto, los centros de votación también son la “unidad de análisis” fundamental parauna persona o
OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE Apply Open Data Principles. How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important inelections.
ELECTION CAMPAIGNS
VOTER LISTS
A voter list is a detailed record of every person who is registered (see Voter Registration) and eligible to vote. The voter list also includes relevant information used to identify voters and assign them to a specific electoral district (see Electoral Boundaries) and polling station (see Polling Stations ). A master voter list isdivided into
ELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS) ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTIONVOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
THE ROLE OF ELECTION OBSERVATION Over the last three decades, a global movement of nonpartisan citizen election monitoring has collectively mobilized millions of citizens around the world to participate in their countries’ democratic processes as election observers. When citizens come together to observe elections, they may have a number of goals. Depending on the context, civil society might mobilize to observe an election LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE Apply Open Data Principles. How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important inelections.
ELECTION CAMPAIGNS
VOTER LISTS
A voter list is a detailed record of every person who is registered (see Voter Registration) and eligible to vote. The voter list also includes relevant information used to identify voters and assign them to a specific electoral district (see Electoral Boundaries) and polling station (see Polling Stations ). A master voter list isdivided into
ELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS) ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTIONVOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
THE ROLE OF ELECTION OBSERVATION Over the last three decades, a global movement of nonpartisan citizen election monitoring has collectively mobilized millions of citizens around the world to participate in their countries’ democratic processes as election observers. When citizens come together to observe elections, they may have a number of goals. Depending on the context, civil society might mobilize to observe an election LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATIONELECTION RESULTS
Election results data consists of general information about the election, such as country name, country code, year, election type, date of election, and name of contested office. Election results data containing the total number of voters registered, the totals for each contestant, spoiled ballots, invalid votes, and number of those A GENTLE INTRODUCTION TO SUMMARIZING DATA Here we’ve made a quick chart that plots the height of each animal: To calculate the Average height (in cm) we sum up all the values and divide by the total count of observations: Average height = (181 + 175 + 159 + 177 + 165) ÷ 5 = 857 ÷ 5 = 171.4. The average value for height is 171.4 centimeters. LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION An election management body (EMB) is the body legally responsible for managing some or all of the essential elements to an election. These core elements include, among others: determining who is eligible to vote (see Voter Registration ); receiving and validating the nominations of political parties and/or candidates and producingballots (see
WHAT ARE CREDIBLE ELECTIONS? Credible elections are characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness.1 For a more detailed discussion of these principles, see Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section Two (2008), also published as Chapter One in International Election Principles: Democracy & the Rule of Law (JHPOLLING STATIONS
Polling stations are where voters are assigned to cast their ballot on election day. They are typically the place at which the votes are counted and entered into the official results sheet. Thus, polling stations are also the fundamental “unit of analysis” for anindividual
REVIEWING A POLLING STATION LIST In this tutorial, we’re going to look over a list of polling stations. After getting a feel for what kind of data is contained in the dataset, we’re going to use Excel to make a pivot table so we can explore the data and, in particular, to determine the number of polling stations and QU'EST-CE QUE DES ÉLECTIONS CRÉDIBLES? Des élections crédibles sont caractérisées par l’inclusion, la transparence, la responsabilité, et la compétitivité.1 Pour une discussion plus détaillée de ces principes, voir Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section 2 (2008) (Promouvoir des Cadres Juridiques pour des Elections Démocratiques: Un Guide NDI UNE DOUCE INTRODUCTION À LA SYNTHÈSE DE DONNÉES Dans ce tutoriel, nous allons définir certains termes et concepts communs, y compris les types et catégories basiques de données. Ensuite, nous allons apprendre à décrire un ensemble de données. À la fin, vous serez prêt à approcher les concepts décrits ici et les utiliser pour synthétiserla liste de bureaux de vote dans lemodule suivant.
CENTROS DE VOTACIÓN Los centros de votación son los lugares a donde se asignan los votantes para que emitan su voto durante la jornada electoral. Normalmente son el lugar en el que se cuentan los votos y se registran en una hoja oficial de resultados. Por lo tanto, los centros de votación también son la “unidad de análisis” fundamental parauna persona o
OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE Apply Open Data Principles. How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important inelections.
WHAT ARE CREDIBLE ELECTIONS? Credible elections are characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness.1 For a more detailed discussion of these principles, see Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section Two (2008), also published as Chapter One in International Election Principles: Democracy & the Rule of Law (JHELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
VOTER LISTS
A voter list is a detailed record of every person who is registered (see Voter Registration) and eligible to vote. The voter list also includes relevant information used to identify voters and assign them to a specific electoral district (see Electoral Boundaries) and polling station (see Polling Stations ). A master voter list isdivided into
VOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS) ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTION ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION REVIEWING A POLLING STATION LIST In this tutorial, we’re going to look over a list of polling stations. After getting a feel for what kind of data is contained in the dataset, we’re going to use Excel to make a pivot table so we can explore the data and, in particular, to determine the number of polling stations and OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE Apply Open Data Principles. How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important inelections.
WHAT ARE CREDIBLE ELECTIONS? Credible elections are characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness.1 For a more detailed discussion of these principles, see Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section Two (2008), also published as Chapter One in International Election Principles: Democracy & the Rule of Law (JHELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
VOTER LISTS
A voter list is a detailed record of every person who is registered (see Voter Registration) and eligible to vote. The voter list also includes relevant information used to identify voters and assign them to a specific electoral district (see Electoral Boundaries) and polling station (see Polling Stations ). A master voter list isdivided into
VOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS) ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTION ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION REVIEWING A POLLING STATION LIST In this tutorial, we’re going to look over a list of polling stations. After getting a feel for what kind of data is contained in the dataset, we’re going to use Excel to make a pivot table so we can explore the data and, in particular, to determine the number of polling stations andVOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
SECTION 2: OPEN ELECTION DATA PRINCIPLES Citizens and organizations can also use that data to hold public institutions accountable. Making data ‘open’ refers to sharing the data in ways that make the data freely and easily used, reused, and redistributed by members of the general public. As described in this section,’open’ election data is: Timely. Granular.ELECTION CAMPAIGNS
Election campaigns are the means by which candidates and political parties prepare and present their ideas and positions on issues to the voters in the period preceding election day. Contestants use a variety of techniques to reach voters and deliver their messages, including through traditional and new media, public events, written materialsELECTION RESULTS
Election results data consists of general information about the election, such as country name, country code, year, election type, date of election, and name of contested office. Election results data containing the total number of voters registered, the totals for each contestant, spoiled ballots, invalid votes, and number of those A GENTLE INTRODUCTION TO SUMMARIZING DATA Here we’ve made a quick chart that plots the height of each animal: To calculate the Average height (in cm) we sum up all the values and divide by the total count of observations: Average height = (181 + 175 + 159 + 177 + 165) ÷ 5 = 857 ÷ 5 = 171.4. The average value for height is 171.4 centimeters. ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY PROCESSES Example EMB processes data. Data about election management bodies’ processes includes EMB decisions, resolutions and minutes from official meetings. It is also important to understand who may have voted which way on those decisions. Among the examples of positive practice concerning EMB meetings, Moldova’s Central ElectionCommission (CEC
ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION An election management body (EMB) is the body legally responsible for managing some or all of the essential elements to an election. These core elements include, among others: determining who is eligible to vote (see Voter Registration ); receiving and validating the nominations of political parties and/or candidates and producingballots (see
POLLING STATIONS
Polling stations are where voters are assigned to cast their ballot on election day. They are typically the place at which the votes are counted and entered into the official results sheet. Thus, polling stations are also the fundamental “unit of analysis” for anindividual
PUBLIC CONFIDENCE, TRANSPARENCY, AND OPEN DATA Public confidence in each step of an election process is critical to the integrity of the election. Citizens not only have a right to participate in elections, they have a right to know for themselves whether the electoral process is valid. Access to information about each phase of the election process is fundamental to creating and reinforcing public confidence in elections. SECTION 1: ELECTORAL INTEGRITY Section 1: Electoral Integrity. Elections are the basis for democratic legitimacy. They give citizens a way to hold their leaders accountable by voting contestants in to, or out of, office. A credible election is one that is characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness. While many focus on the specificevent
OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE Apply Open Data Principles. How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important inelections.
ELECTION CAMPAIGNS
WHAT ARE CREDIBLE ELECTIONS? Credible elections are characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness.1 For a more detailed discussion of these principles, see Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section Two (2008), also published as Chapter One in International Election Principles: Democracy & the Rule of Law (JHVOTER LISTS
A voter list is a detailed record of every person who is registered (see Voter Registration) and eligible to vote. The voter list also includes relevant information used to identify voters and assign them to a specific electoral district (see Electoral Boundaries) and polling station (see Polling Stations ). A master voter list isdivided into
ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTIONVOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
ELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS) ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE Apply Open Data Principles. How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important inelections.
ELECTION CAMPAIGNS
WHAT ARE CREDIBLE ELECTIONS? Credible elections are characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness.1 For a more detailed discussion of these principles, see Promoting Legal Frameworks for Democratic Elections: An NDI Guide for Developing Laws and Law Commentaries, Section Two (2008), also published as Chapter One in International Election Principles: Democracy & the Rule of Law (JHVOTER LISTS
A voter list is a detailed record of every person who is registered (see Voter Registration) and eligible to vote. The voter list also includes relevant information used to identify voters and assign them to a specific electoral district (see Electoral Boundaries) and polling station (see Polling Stations ). A master voter list isdivided into
ELECTORAL COMPLAINTS, DISPUTES AND RESOLUTIONVOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
ELECTION SECURITY
Election security data includes information from regulatory, security, and judicial institutions. Data from the regulatory institution includes the specific standards and/or clear rules for engagement of the police and military in the electoral process. From the regulatory institution and/or security institutions, all non-sensitive deployment ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES (DISTRICTS) ELECTION MANAGEMENT BODY AND ADMINISTRATION LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
ELECTION DATA GUIDE
Elections are a Process. Public Confidence, Transparency, and Open Data. The Role of Election Observation. Section 2: Open Election Data Principles. Principle 1: Timely. Principle 2: Granular. Principle 3: Available for free on the internet. Principle 4: Complete and in bulk. Principle 5: Analyzable. SECTION 2: OPEN ELECTION DATA PRINCIPLES Open data, especially open election data, is an immense resource that has only recently been tapped. Even though the ‘open data’ field is young, there are already numerous examples of the ways in which it has already created both social and economic value around the world.VOTER REGISTRATION
Voter registration is the key process that establishes which individuals are eligible to vote. The voter registration process varies widely across countries. In some countries, voters are automatically registered when they turn of voting age or when they move to a new place of residence. This type of registration is calledpassive voter
SECTION 3: KEY ELECTION PROCESS CATEGORIES Introduction. Elections are complex, multi-step processes. “Election data” refers to information relating to aspects of the process throughout the electoral cycle. 1 The principles for open election data in Section 2 should be applied to all types of election data,keeping in
LATIN AMERICA DATA INVENTORY This inventory is the result of extensive research into the election data available for the most recent national elections (as of December 31, 2014) in the following Latin American countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. A GENTLE INTRODUCTION TO SUMMARIZING DATA Here we’ve made a quick chart that plots the height of each animal: To calculate the Average height (in cm) we sum up all the values and divide by the total count of observations: Average height = (181 + 175 + 159 + 177 + 165) ÷ 5 = 857 ÷ 5 = 171.4. The average value for height is 171.4 centimeters. LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTIONS A legal framework for elections includes the applicable provisions in the constitution, the electoral law and other laws that affect elections, such as a law on political parties. It also includes any regulations attached to the electoral law and other relevant laws, as well as relevant instructions and regulations issued by theresponsible EMB.
CAMPAIGN FINANCE
Campaign finance, an element of broader political finance, refers to all funds raised and spent in order to promote candidates, political parties or policies in elections, referendums, initiatives, party activities and party organizations. The main features of a campaign finance system vary considerably across countries. SECTION 1: ELECTORAL INTEGRITY Section 1: Electoral Integrity. Elections are the basis for democratic legitimacy. They give citizens a way to hold their leaders accountable by voting contestants in to, or out of, office. A credible election is one that is characterized by inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and competitiveness. While many focus on the specificevent
REVIEWING A POLLING STATION LIST In this tutorial, we’re going to look over a list of polling stations. After getting a feel for what kind of data is contained in the dataset, we’re going to use Excel to make a pivot table so we can explore the data and, in particular, to determine the number of polling stations and* Home
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OPEN ELECTION DATA INITIATIVE UNLEASHING THE POTENTIAL OF ELECTION DATA TO PROMOTE ACCOUNTABILITYELECTION CATEGORIES
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DISCOVER THE KEY PARTS OF ELECTIONSView Categories
What data matters? The Election Data Guide highlights the key components of the election process (e.g., ballot qualification, voter registration, and results) and example data for each.Read more...
OPEN DATA PRINCIPLES*
APPLY OPEN DATA PRINCIPLESView Principles
How open is the data? The Election Data Guide outlines which open data principles, such as timeliness, granularity, accessibility, and analyzability, are most important in elections.Read more...
DATA ACADEMY
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LEARN TO ANALYZE ELECTION DATAView Modules
Play with the data! The Election Data Academy helps you use and analyze available data. The project-based modules outline the major steps in the data analysis process and show how to summarize data.Read more...
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