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EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos A list of landowners active in the operation. Bielański Gustaw from Wrząsowice. Blaschekowitz, alias ‘Arnold,’ administrator ofBalice estate
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Prince Roman Sanguszko, Father Adam Stefan Sapieha, Parish Priest Gromadzki, Paweł Sapieha, and Janina Rzyszczewska in Sławuta, 1910. Religiosity. Most of the landed gentry were passionate Catholics, but there were also families of the Protestant denomination. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Ceremony of the opening of a primary school, whose construction was supported by Senator Kazimierz Fudakowski, Krasnobród, 1934. Polish President Ignacy Mościcki with his wife Maria in the foreground; Kazimierz Fudakowski among the assembled.RADZIWIŁŁOWIE
antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) i jego żona Luiza Hohenzollern (1770–1836), księżniczka pruska. antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) and his wife Louise née Hohenzollern (1770–1836), the duchesse ofPrussia.
CZAPSCY - ZIEMIANIE.PAMIEC.PL czapscy herbu Leliwa, opierwotnym nazwisku czaplscy, wywodzili się z Pomorza, gdzie król Zygmunt I w latach 20. XVI w. nadał im wieśCzaple.
JANTA-POŁCZYŃSCY
Janta-Połczyńscy herbu Bończa, związani od XIII w. z Pomo-rzem, w XIX w. zaliczali się do najzamożniejszych rodzin zie-miańskich. W 1912 r. w ich ręku znajdowało się ponad 3300 ha BATTLE OF MONTE CASSINO 1944 This publication has been created for the purpose of the educational game ZnajZnak – Monte Cassino Text Michał Polak Reviewer Krzysztof Gaj Editing Anna Zawadzka Translation Jerzy Giebułtowski Graphic design, maps and illustrations Tomasz Ginter Typesetting Łukasz Pogoda Edition’s co-ordinator Karol Madaj All illustrations from the game ZnajZnak – Monte Cassino. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Granary in the Lewków estate’s courtyard. Vast Estates. In 1921 Poland there were approx. 19,000 granges over 123 ac, encompassing approx. 28,000,000 ac of land (30 per cent of their total area). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY An estate in land enabled the pursuit of a life sanctified by the tradition of generations.” “History treated the Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century rather harshly. First, it was eliminated as a social group. At the same time, and with a great deal of commitment, its material property was destroyed. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Antoni Potocki, long-standing president of the Cracow Automobile Club (Krakowski Klub Automobilowy) established in 1926, and Jan Ripper—Polish racer, competitor of the International Tatra Race, and son of Wilhelm Ripper (a pioneer of motorsports in Poland).EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos A list of landowners active in the operation. Bielański Gustaw from Wrząsowice. Blaschekowitz, alias ‘Arnold,’ administrator ofBalice estate
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Prince Roman Sanguszko, Father Adam Stefan Sapieha, Parish Priest Gromadzki, Paweł Sapieha, and Janina Rzyszczewska in Sławuta, 1910. Religiosity. Most of the landed gentry were passionate Catholics, but there were also families of the Protestant denomination. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Ceremony of the opening of a primary school, whose construction was supported by Senator Kazimierz Fudakowski, Krasnobród, 1934. Polish President Ignacy Mościcki with his wife Maria in the foreground; Kazimierz Fudakowski among the assembled.RADZIWIŁŁOWIE
antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) i jego żona Luiza Hohenzollern (1770–1836), księżniczka pruska. antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) and his wife Louise née Hohenzollern (1770–1836), the duchesse ofPrussia.
CZAPSCY - ZIEMIANIE.PAMIEC.PL czapscy herbu Leliwa, opierwotnym nazwisku czaplscy, wywodzili się z Pomorza, gdzie król Zygmunt I w latach 20. XVI w. nadał im wieśCzaple.
JANTA-POŁCZYŃSCY
Janta-Połczyńscy herbu Bończa, związani od XIII w. z Pomo-rzem, w XIX w. zaliczali się do najzamożniejszych rodzin zie-miańskich. W 1912 r. w ich ręku znajdowało się ponad 3300 ha EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Granary in the Lewków estate’s courtyard. Vast Estates. In 1921 Poland there were approx. 19,000 granges over 123 ac, encompassing approx. 28,000,000 ac of land (30 per cent of their total area). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY An estate in land enabled the pursuit of a life sanctified by the tradition of generations.” “History treated the Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century rather harshly. First, it was eliminated as a social group. At the same time, and with a great deal of commitment, its material property was destroyed. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Antoni Potocki, long-standing president of the Cracow Automobile Club (Krakowski Klub Automobilowy) established in 1926, and Jan Ripper—Polish racer, competitor of the International Tatra Race, and son of Wilhelm Ripper (a pioneer of motorsports in Poland). PAMIEC.PLTRANSLATE THIS PAGEpamiec.pl
EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Operation Uprawa / Tarcza / Opieka “The mansions would provide free food and shelter to over thirty people. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Karol Tarnowski supervising field work. Manor–Village Relations. The relations between the manor and the village were complicated, depending on many factors and differing between the regions. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Ceremony of the opening of a primary school, whose construction was supported by Senator Kazimierz Fudakowski, Krasnobród, 1934. Polish President Ignacy Mościcki with his wife Maria in the foreground; Kazimierz Fudakowski among the assembled. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Parade of the Polish Legions (Legiony Polskie) in Sławków, World War I. Photos documenting the life of Polish Legions were taken by one of their soldiers, Jan Zdzisław Włodek. Value System. Understood in a traditional way and headed by the master of the houseEUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Operation ‘Cultivation’ At the beginning of the German occupation, in the first months of 1940, two landowners: Karol Tarnowski from Chorzelów and Leon Krzeczunowicz from Jaryczów at the headquarters of the Kraków Area (Obszar Kraków) of the Union of Armed StruggleEUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Biographies Karol Hilary Tarnowski (1889–1981) The main initiator of operation ‘Cultivation,’ owner of the Chorzelów estate, Mielec county,Kraków Province.
BATTLE OF MONTE CASSINO 1944 8 the 1st Krechowiecki Uhlan Regiment – an armoured cavalry unit. On the other side, the corps had strong artil-lery. The nd2 Artillery Group was composed of six reg- iments of diff erent kinds of artillery, like th Heavy Artillery 11 Regiment . Recon units were also an essential part of a modern unit. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Granary in the Lewków estate’s courtyard. Vast Estates. In 1921 Poland there were approx. 19,000 granges over 123 ac, encompassing approx. 28,000,000 ac of land (30 per cent of their total area). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Aleksander Moes and Barbara Sobańska’s wedding, 1927. The Moeses, of the Moes coat of arms, were an Evangelical Dutch noble family (szlachta) from the Rhineland, dating back to the 17 th century. Having settled in Poland in the 19 th century, they bought EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Definitions of the Polish Landed Gentry and the Manor House “The term ‘Polish landed gentry’ is imprecise, ambiguous, and from the historical perspective, mutable.” EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Antoni Potocki, long-standing president of the Cracow Automobile Club (Krakowski Klub Automobilowy) established in 1926, and Jan Ripper—Polish racer, competitor of the International Tatra Race, and son of Wilhelm Ripper (a pioneer of motorsports in Poland).EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Mapa: Number of estates in the counties of the Second Poland Republic, approx. 1930 (by P. Orzechowski). A List of estates and their owners in the Second Poland Republic Voivodeships and Counties, approx. 1930 EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Prince Roman Sanguszko, Father Adam Stefan Sapieha, Parish Priest Gromadzki, Paweł Sapieha, and Janina Rzyszczewska in Sławuta, 1910. Religiosity. Most of the landed gentry were passionate Catholics, but there were also families of the Protestant denomination.RADZIWIŁŁOWIE
antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) i jego żona Luiza Hohenzollern (1770–1836), księżniczka pruska. antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) and his wife Louise née Hohenzollern (1770–1836), the duchesse ofPrussia.
CZAPSCY - ZIEMIANIE.PAMIEC.PL czapscy herbu Leliwa, opierwotnym nazwisku czaplscy, wywodzili się z Pomorza, gdzie król Zygmunt I w latach 20. XVI w. nadał im wieśCzaple.
JANTA-POŁCZYŃSCY
Janta-Połczyńscy herbu Bończa, związani od XIII w. z Pomo-rzem, w XIX w. zaliczali się do najzamożniejszych rodzin zie-miańskich. W 1912 r. w ich ręku znajdowało się ponad 3300 ha BATTLE OF MONTE CASSINO 1944 8 the 1st Krechowiecki Uhlan Regiment – an armoured cavalry unit. On the other side, the corps had strong artil-lery. The nd2 Artillery Group was composed of six reg- iments of diff erent kinds of artillery, like th Heavy Artillery 11 Regiment . Recon units were also an essential part of a modern unit. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Granary in the Lewków estate’s courtyard. Vast Estates. In 1921 Poland there were approx. 19,000 granges over 123 ac, encompassing approx. 28,000,000 ac of land (30 per cent of their total area). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Aleksander Moes and Barbara Sobańska’s wedding, 1927. The Moeses, of the Moes coat of arms, were an Evangelical Dutch noble family (szlachta) from the Rhineland, dating back to the 17 th century. Having settled in Poland in the 19 th century, they bought EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Definitions of the Polish Landed Gentry and the Manor House “The term ‘Polish landed gentry’ is imprecise, ambiguous, and from the historical perspective, mutable.” EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Antoni Potocki, long-standing president of the Cracow Automobile Club (Krakowski Klub Automobilowy) established in 1926, and Jan Ripper—Polish racer, competitor of the International Tatra Race, and son of Wilhelm Ripper (a pioneer of motorsports in Poland).EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Mapa: Number of estates in the counties of the Second Poland Republic, approx. 1930 (by P. Orzechowski). A List of estates and their owners in the Second Poland Republic Voivodeships and Counties, approx. 1930 EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Prince Roman Sanguszko, Father Adam Stefan Sapieha, Parish Priest Gromadzki, Paweł Sapieha, and Janina Rzyszczewska in Sławuta, 1910. Religiosity. Most of the landed gentry were passionate Catholics, but there were also families of the Protestant denomination.RADZIWIŁŁOWIE
antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) i jego żona Luiza Hohenzollern (1770–1836), księżniczka pruska. antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) and his wife Louise née Hohenzollern (1770–1836), the duchesse ofPrussia.
CZAPSCY - ZIEMIANIE.PAMIEC.PL czapscy herbu Leliwa, opierwotnym nazwisku czaplscy, wywodzili się z Pomorza, gdzie król Zygmunt I w latach 20. XVI w. nadał im wieśCzaple.
JANTA-POŁCZYŃSCY
Janta-Połczyńscy herbu Bończa, związani od XIII w. z Pomo-rzem, w XIX w. zaliczali się do najzamożniejszych rodzin zie-miańskich. W 1912 r. w ich ręku znajdowało się ponad 3300 ha EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Aleksander Moes and Barbara Sobańska’s wedding, 1927. The Moeses, of the Moes coat of arms, were an Evangelical Dutch noble family (szlachta) from the Rhineland, dating back to the 17 th century. Having settled in Poland in the 19 th century, they bought EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Antoni Potocki, long-standing president of the Cracow Automobile Club (Krakowski Klub Automobilowy) established in 1926, and Jan Ripper—Polish racer, competitor of the International Tatra Race, and son of Wilhelm Ripper (a pioneer of motorsports in Poland). REPORT W - PAMIEC.PL 3 Report “W" by Witold Pilecki On 14, 15 and 16 September 1939, on General Piekarski’s order and assisted by Major Mandzenko, I formedin Włodawa
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Palace in Krzesk, approx. 1925. Zygmunt Ścibor-Marchocki’s estate. Landowners’ residences. Landowners lived in their residences (called manors or palaces), which were surrounded with parks. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: May picnic in Krzesk, Zygmunt Ścibor-Marchocki’s estate, approx. 1903. Members of the Tyzenhauz and Ścibor-Marchocki families. Lifestyle and Hunting. Social life was an element of the landowning culture. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Prince Roman Sanguszko, Father Adam Stefan Sapieha, Parish Priest Gromadzki, Paweł Sapieha, and Janina Rzyszczewska in Sławuta, 1910. Religiosity. Most of the landed gentry were passionate Catholics, but there were also families of the Protestant denomination. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Parade of the Polish Legions (Legiony Polskie) in Sławków, World War I. Photos documenting the life of Polish Legions were taken by one of their soldiers, Jan Zdzisław Włodek. Value System. Understood in a traditional way and headed by the master of the houseEUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Operation ‘Cultivation’ At the beginning of the German occupation, in the first months of 1940, two landowners: Karol Tarnowski from Chorzelów and Leon Krzeczunowicz from Jaryczów at the headquarters of the Kraków Area (Obszar Kraków) of the Union of Armed Struggle EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Ceremony of the opening of a primary school, whose construction was supported by Senator Kazimierz Fudakowski, Krasnobród, 1934. Polish President Ignacy Mościcki with his wife Maria in the foreground; Kazimierz Fudakowski among the assembled.EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos A list of landowners active in the operation. Bielański Gustaw from Wrząsowice. Blaschekowitz, alias ‘Arnold,’ administrator ofBalice estate
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Aleksander Moes and Barbara Sobańska’s wedding, 1927. The Moeses, of the Moes coat of arms, were an Evangelical Dutch noble family (szlachta) from the Rhineland, dating back to the 17 th century. Having settled in Poland in the 19 th century, they bought PAMIEC.PLTRANSLATE THIS PAGEpamiec.pl
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Granary in the Lewków estate’s courtyard. Vast Estates. In 1921 Poland there were approx. 19,000 granges over 123 ac, encompassing approx. 28,000,000 ac of land (30 per cent of their total area). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY An estate in land enabled the pursuit of a life sanctified by the tradition of generations.” “History treated the Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century rather harshly. First, it was eliminated as a social group. At the same time, and with a great deal of commitment, its material property was destroyed. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Palace in Krzesk, approx. 1925. Zygmunt Ścibor-Marchocki’s estate. Landowners’ residences. Landowners lived in their residences (called manors or palaces), which were surrounded with parks. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Antoni Potocki, long-standing president of the Cracow Automobile Club (Krakowski Klub Automobilowy) established in 1926, and Jan Ripper—Polish racer, competitor of the International Tatra Race, and son of Wilhelm Ripper (a pioneer of motorsports in Poland). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Prince Roman Sanguszko, Father Adam Stefan Sapieha, Parish Priest Gromadzki, Paweł Sapieha, and Janina Rzyszczewska in Sławuta, 1910. Religiosity. Most of the landed gentry were passionate Catholics, but there were also families of the Protestant denomination. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Czapski Family in Przyłuki, 1902, from left, Józefa, Stanisław, Karolina, Elżbieta, Leopoldyna, Róża, Jerzy, Józef, Maria. Czapski Family “All the doors were open for this upper class; they formed one European family, with numerous familial and maritalRADZIWIŁŁOWIE
antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) i jego żona Luiza Hohenzollern (1770–1836), księżniczka pruska. antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) and his wife Louise née Hohenzollern (1770–1836), the duchesse ofPrussia.
CZAPSCY - ZIEMIANIE.PAMIEC.PL czapscy herbu Leliwa, opierwotnym nazwisku czaplscy, wywodzili się z Pomorza, gdzie król Zygmunt I w latach 20. XVI w. nadał im wieśCzaple.
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Aleksander Moes and Barbara Sobańska’s wedding, 1927. The Moeses, of the Moes coat of arms, were an Evangelical Dutch noble family (szlachta) from the Rhineland, dating back to the 17 th century. Having settled in Poland in the 19 th century, they bought PAMIEC.PLTRANSLATE THIS PAGEpamiec.pl
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Granary in the Lewków estate’s courtyard. Vast Estates. In 1921 Poland there were approx. 19,000 granges over 123 ac, encompassing approx. 28,000,000 ac of land (30 per cent of their total area). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY An estate in land enabled the pursuit of a life sanctified by the tradition of generations.” “History treated the Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century rather harshly. First, it was eliminated as a social group. At the same time, and with a great deal of commitment, its material property was destroyed. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Palace in Krzesk, approx. 1925. Zygmunt Ścibor-Marchocki’s estate. Landowners’ residences. Landowners lived in their residences (called manors or palaces), which were surrounded with parks. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Antoni Potocki, long-standing president of the Cracow Automobile Club (Krakowski Klub Automobilowy) established in 1926, and Jan Ripper—Polish racer, competitor of the International Tatra Race, and son of Wilhelm Ripper (a pioneer of motorsports in Poland). EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Prince Roman Sanguszko, Father Adam Stefan Sapieha, Parish Priest Gromadzki, Paweł Sapieha, and Janina Rzyszczewska in Sławuta, 1910. Religiosity. Most of the landed gentry were passionate Catholics, but there were also families of the Protestant denomination. EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Czapski Family in Przyłuki, 1902, from left, Józefa, Stanisław, Karolina, Elżbieta, Leopoldyna, Róża, Jerzy, Józef, Maria. Czapski Family “All the doors were open for this upper class; they formed one European family, with numerous familial and maritalRADZIWIŁŁOWIE
antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) i jego żona Luiza Hohenzollern (1770–1836), księżniczka pruska. antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) and his wife Louise née Hohenzollern (1770–1836), the duchesse ofPrussia.
CZAPSCY - ZIEMIANIE.PAMIEC.PL czapscy herbu Leliwa, opierwotnym nazwisku czaplscy, wywodzili się z Pomorza, gdzie król Zygmunt I w latach 20. XVI w. nadał im wieśCzaple.
EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Aleksander Moes and Barbara Sobańska’s wedding, 1927. The Moeses, of the Moes coat of arms, were an Evangelical Dutch noble family (szlachta) from the Rhineland, dating back to the 17 th century. Having settled in Poland in the 19 th century, they bought EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Palace in Krzesk, approx. 1925. Zygmunt Ścibor-Marchocki’s estate. Landowners’ residences. Landowners lived in their residences (called manors or palaces), which were surrounded with parks. PAMIEC.PLTRANSLATE THIS PAGEpamiec.pl
EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Historical Background. During the Second World War, between 1939–1945, Polish landowners who had their estates in the General Government found themselves in the best situation.EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Mapa: Number of estates in the counties of the Second Poland Republic, approx. 1930 (by P. Orzechowski). A List of estates and their owners in the Second Poland Republic Voivodeships and Counties, approx. 1930 EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Parade of the Polish Legions (Legiony Polskie) in Sławków, World War I. Photos documenting the life of Polish Legions were taken by one of their soldiers, Jan Zdzisław Włodek. Value System. Understood in a traditional way and headed by the master of the house EUROPE IN THE FAMILY Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: 1 st Convention of the Landowners Association (Związek Ziemian) in the Jasna Góra Monastery, 1937. Social Solidarity. The landed gentry were always very active and often participated in social, cultural, and agricultural organisations.EUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos A list of landowners active in the operation. Bielański Gustaw from Wrząsowice. Blaschekowitz, alias ‘Arnold,’ administrator ofBalice estate
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Title: eCopy, Inc. Keywords: None Created Date: 6/17/2010 7:48:57 AMEUROPE IN FAMILY
Europe in the Family The Polish landed gentry in the 20 th century Landed gentry Families Estates The Fight Doom Mementos Above: Sitting (from left) — Zygmunt Donimirski from Kożuszki, Wojciech Donimirski from Kożuszki, Irena Donimirska from Czernin, Ewa Donimirska from Czernin, Witold Donimirski from Czernin, Halina Donimirska from Kożuszki, Wanda Donimirska from Czernin, August Zapraszamy do odwiedzenia nowego serwisu internetowego Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej przystanekhistoria.pl. Rozwijając aktywność cyfrową IPN i wychodząc naprzeciw oczekiwaniom Użytkowników, postanowiliśmy udostępnić nowy portal popularnonaukowy, zastępujący dotychczasowy serwis pamięć.pl przystanekhistoria.pl Dorobek edukacyjny 20 lat IPN jest bardzo bogaty w materiały, wystawy oraz projekty skierowane do szerokiego grona odbiorców. Uporządkowaliśmy tę wiedzę w sposób, który ułatwi pracę nauczycielom, a młodzież zachęci do udziału w naszych działaniachedukacja.ipn.gov.pl
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